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Bryan Stevenson - Wikipedia Just Mercy

Bryan Stevenson - Wikipedia

Bryan Stevenson

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bryan Stevenson
Stevenson in 2023
Born
Bryan Allen Stevenson

November 14, 1959 (age 66)
Milton, Delaware, U.S.
EducationEastern University (BA)
Harvard University (JD, MPP)
OccupationsDirector of Equal Justice Initiative
Professor at New York University School of Law
Known forFounding Equal Justice Initiative
RelativesAlonna Berry (cousin)
AwardsNational Humanities Medal (2021)
Websitebryanstevenson.com

Bryan Allen Stevenson (born November 14, 1959) is an American lawyer, social justice activist, and law professor at New York University School of Law. He is also the founder and executive director of the Equal Justice Initiative. Based in Montgomery, Alabama, he has challenged bias against the poor and minorities in the criminal justice system, especially children. He has helped achieve United States Supreme Court decisions that prohibit sentencing juvenile offenders to death or to mandatory life terms without parole.[1]

Stevenson was depicted in the 2019 legal drama film Just Mercy, based on his 2014 memoir Just Mercy: A Story of Justice and Redemption. In the memoir, he recounts his work defending Walter McMillian, who had been unjustly convicted and sentenced to death.

Stevenson initiated the National Memorial for Peace and Justice in Montgomery, which honors the names of more than 4,000 African Americans lynched in the twelve states of the South from 1877 to 1950. He argues that the history of slavery and lynchings has influenced the subsequent high rate of death sentences in the South, where it has been disproportionately applied to minorities. A related museum, The Legacy Museum: From Enslavement to Mass Incarceration, offers interpretations to show the connection between the post-Reconstruction period of lynchings and the high rate of incarceration and executions of people of color in the United States.

Early life

Bryan A. Stevenson was born on November 14, 1959, in Milton, a small town in southern Delaware.[2] His father, Howard Carlton Stevenson Sr., had grown up in Milton, and his mother, Alice Gertrude (Golden) Stevenson, was born and grew up in Philadelphia.[2] Her family had moved to the city from Virginia in the Great Migration of the early 20th century.[3] Stevenson has two siblings: an older brother, Howard Jr. and a sister, Christy.[4]

Both parents commuted to the northern part of the state for work, with Howard Sr., working at a General Foods processing plant as a laboratory technician[2] and Alice as an equal opportunity officer at Dover Air Force Base.[2][3] She particularly emphasized the importance of education to her children.[3]

Stevenson's family attended the Prospect African Methodist Episcopal Church, where as a child, Stevenson played piano and sang in the choir.[2] His later views were influenced by the strong faith of the African Methodist Episcopal Church, where churchgoers were celebrated for "standing up after having fallen down".[2] These experiences informed his belief that "each person in our society is more than the worst thing they've ever done."[2]

When Stevenson was 16, his maternal grandfather, Clarence L. Golden, was stabbed to death in his Philadelphia home during a robbery. The killers received life sentences, an outcome Stevenson thought fair. Stevenson said of the murder: "Because my grandfather was older, his murder seemed particularly cruel. But I came from a world where we valued redemption over revenge."[4]

As a child, Stevenson dealt with segregation and its legacy. He spent his first classroom years at a "colored" elementary school.[2] By the time he entered the second grade, his school was formally desegregated, but the old rules from segregation still applied. Black kids played separately from white kids, and at the doctor's or dentist's office, black kids and their parents continued to use the back door, while whites entered through the front.[2] Pools and other community facilities were informally segregated.[3] Stevenson's father, having grown up in the area, took the ingrained racism in his stride, but his mother openly opposed the de facto segregation.[2] In an interview in 2017, Stevenson recalled how his mother protested the day the black children from town lined up at the back door of the polio vaccination station to receive their shots, waiting hours while the white children went in first.[5]

Education

Stevenson attended Cape Henlopen High School and graduated in 1978. He played on the soccer and baseball teams.[2] He also served as president of the student body and won American Legion public speaking contests.[2] His brother, Howard, takes some credit for helping hone Stevenson's rhetorical skills: "We argued the way brothers argue, but these were serious arguments, inspired I guess by our mother and the circumstances of our family growing up."[2]

Stevenson earned straight As and won a scholarship to Eastern University in St. Davids, Pennsylvania.[4] On campus, he directed the campus gospel choir.[2] Stevenson graduated with a B.A. degree in philosophy from Eastern in 1981.[4] In 1985, Stevenson earned both a J.D. degree from Harvard Law School and an M.A. degree in Public Policy (MPP) from the John F. Kennedy School of Government, also at Harvard University.[6] During law school, as part of a class on race and poverty litigation with Elizabeth Bartholet, he worked for Stephen Bright's Southern Center for Human Rights, an organization that represents death-row inmates throughout the South.[4] During this work, Stevenson found his career calling.[4]

Career

Southern Center for Human Rights

After graduating from Harvard in 1985, Stevenson moved to Atlanta, and joined the Southern Center for Human Rights full-time.[4] The center divided work by region and Stevenson was assigned to Alabama. In 1989 he was appointed to run the Alabama operation, a resource center and death-penalty defense organization that was funded by Congress.[3] He had a center in Montgomery, the state capital.

Equal Justice Initiative

When the United States Congress eliminated funding for death-penalty defense, Stevenson converted the center and founded the non-profit Equal Justice Initiative (EJI) in Montgomery. In 1995, he was awarded a MacArthur Grant and put all the money toward supporting the center.[3] He committed to providing legal defense for anyone in Alabama sentenced to the death penalty, as it was the only state that did not provide legal assistance to people on death row.[7] It also has the highest per capita rate of death penalty sentencing.

One of EJI's first cases was the post-conviction appeal of Walter McMillian, who had been confined to death row before being convicted of murder and sentenced to death.[8] Stevenson was able to discredit every element of the prosecution's initial case, which led to McMillian being exonerated and released from jail in 1993.[9]

Stevenson has been particularly concerned about overly harsh sentencing of persons convicted of crimes committed as children, under the age of 18.[1] In 2005, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Roper v. Simmons that the death penalty was unconstitutional for persons convicted of crimes committed under the age of 18. Stevenson worked to have the court's thinking about appropriate punishment broadened to related cases applying to children convicted under the age of 17.

EJI mounted a litigation campaign to gain review of cases in which convicted children were sentenced to life-without-parole, including cases without homicide. In Miller v. Alabama (2012), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in a landmark decision that mandatory sentences of life-without-parole for children 17 and under were unconstitutional; their decision has affected statutes in 29 states. In 2016, the court ruled in Montgomery v. Louisiana that this decision had to be applied retroactively, potentially affecting the sentences of 2300 people nationwide who had been sentenced to life while still children.[10]

As of 2022, the EJI has saved over 130 people from the death penalty.[11] In addition, it has represented poor people, defended people on appeal, overturned wrongful convictions, and worked to alleviate bias in the criminal justice system.[3]

In recent years, Stevenson and the Equal Justice Initiative have collaborated with regional bar associations, law schools, and community legal programs to expand access to legal education and pro bono defense networks in the American South.[12]

Acknowledging slavery

The EJI offices are near the landing at the Alabama River where slaves were unloaded in the domestic slave trade; an equal distance away is Court Square, "one of the largest slave auction sites in the country."[3] Stevenson has noted that in downtown Montgomery, there were "dozens" of historic markers and numerous monuments related to Confederate history, but nothing acknowledging the history of slavery, on which the wealth of the South was based and for which it fought the Civil War.[3] He proposed to the state and provided documentation to three slavery sites with historic markers; the Alabama Department of Archives and History told him that it did not want to "sponsor the markers given the potential for controversy."[3] Stevenson worked with an African-American history group to gain sponsorship for this project; the group gained state approval for the three markers in 2013, and these have been installed in Montgomery.[3]

National Memorial for Peace and Justice

Stevenson acquired six acres of former public housing land in Montgomery for the development of a new project, the National Memorial for Peace and Justice, to commemorate the nearly 4400 persons who were lynched in the South from 1877 to 1950. Numerous lynchings were conducted openly in front of mobs and crowds in county courthouse squares. Stevenson has argued that this history of extrajudicial lynchings by white mobs is closely associated with the subsequent high rate of death sentences imposed in Alabama and other southern states, and to their disproportionate application to minority people. He further argues that this history influences the bias against minorities as expressed in disproportionately high mass incarceration rates for them across the country.[3] The memorial opened in April 2018.[13]

Associated with the Memorial is the Legacy Museum: From Enslavement to Mass Incarceration, which also opened on April 26, 2018.[14] Exhibits in the former slave warehouse include materials on lynching, racial segregation, and mass incarceration since the late 20th century. Stevenson articulates how the treatment of people of color under the criminal justice system is related to the history of slavery and later treatment of minorities in the South.[15]

Author

Stevenson wrote the critically acclaimed memoir Just Mercy: A Story of Justice and Redemption, published in 2014 by Spiegel & Grau.[16] It was selected by Time magazine as one of the "10 Best Books of Nonfiction" for 2014, and was among The New York Times "100 Notable Books" for the year. It won the 2015 Andrew Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Nonfiction[17], the 2015 Dayton Literary Peace Prize for Nonfiction,[18] and was voted an American Library Association Notable Book in 2015.[19]

A film based on the book, called Just Mercy, starring Michael B. Jordan as Stevenson with Stevenson himself executive-producing, premiered on September 6, 2019, at the Toronto International Film Festival and was released in theatres on December 25, 2019.[20]

Speaker

Stevenson maintains an active public speaking schedule, in large part for fundraising for the work of EJI. His speech at TED2012 in Long Beach, California, brought him a wide audience on the Internet.[21] Following his presentation, attendees at the conference contributed more than $1 million to fund a campaign run by Stevenson to end the practice of placing convicted children to serve sentences in adult jails and prisons.[22] By April 2020, his talk had been viewed more than 6.5 million times.[23]

Stevenson has been a commencement speaker and received numerous honorary degrees, including from the following institutions: University of Delaware, 2016, honorary Doctor of Laws degree;[24][25] Williams College, 2016, honorary doctorate;[26] Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, 2011, Doctor of Humane Letters, honoris causa;[27] College of the Holy Cross, 2015;[28] Wesleyan University, 2016, honorary degree;[29] University of Mississippi, 2017s fall convocation;[30] Northeastern University, fall 2017 convocation;[31] Emory University, spring 2020 commencement and honorary doctor of laws degree.[32]

In June 2017, Stevenson delivered the 93rd Ware Lecture at the General Assembly of the Unitarian Universalist Association in New Orleans, Louisiana.[33]

Stevenson is featured in episode 45 of the podcast Criminal by Radiotopia from PRX. Host Phoebe Judge talked with Stevenson about his experiences during his 30 years spent working to get people off death row, and about his take on those deserving of mercy.[34]

On May 24, 2018, Stevenson delivered the Commencement address for the Johns Hopkins University Class of 2018.[35]

On May 20, 2019, Stevenson delivered the Commencement address at the University of Pennsylvania.[36]

On May 21, 2021, Freedom, Justice, and Hope with Bryan Stevenson premiered on Jazz at Lincoln Center where he provided reflections on the American narrative of racism and performed pieces on the piano such as "Honeysuckle Rose".[37]

On May 8, 2022, Stevenson delivered the Commencement address at Eastern Mennonite University in Harrisonburg, Virginia. He became the second person to receive an honorary doctorate from the university, the other being Nobel Peace Prize winner Leymah Gbowee.[38]

On May 7, 2023, Stevenson delivered the Commencement address for the Ohio State University Class of 2023.[39]

On October 5, 2023, Stevenson spoke at the President's Leadership Forum held by Whitworth University in Spokane, Washington, where he received an honorary doctorate.[40]

Bryan Allen Stevenson School of Excellence

The Bryan Allen Stevenson School of Excellence (BASSE), a free public charter school in Georgetown, Delaware, was founded by Alonna Berry, an educator and cousin of Stevenson in August 2024.[41] Stevenson gifted the school a $100k grant.[42]

Awards and honors

In November 2018, Stevenson received the Benjamin Franklin Award from the American Philosophical Society as a "Drum major for justice and mercy."[43] In 2020, he shared the Right Livelihood Award with Nasrin Sotoudeh, Ales Bialiatski and Lottie Cunningham Wren.

In 2024, he was elected to the American Philosophical Society.[44]

Personal life

Stevenson is a lifelong bachelor and has stated that his career is incompatible with married life.[65][66] He has resided in Montgomery, Alabama since 1985.[67]

Publications

By Bryan Stevenson:

By EJI:

Adaptations

References

  1.  McGreal, Chris (April 1, 2018). "I went to death row for 28 years through no fault of my own". The Guardian. Retrieved April 1, 2018.
  2.  Barrett, Paul (2007). "Bryan Stevenson's Death-Defying Acts". NYU Law Magazine. Retrieved September 27, 2015.
  3.  Toobin, Jeffrey (August 15, 2016). "The Legacy of Lynching, on Death Row". Profiles. The New Yorker. Condé Nast (published August 22, 2019).
  4.  Grant, Meg (November 27, 1995). "A Stubborn Alabama Lawyer Stands Alone Between Death and His Clients". People. Retrieved October 29, 2019.
  5.  Ezra Klein (May 16, 2017). "Bryan Stevenson on why the opposite of poverty isn't wealth; it's justice". The Ezra Klein Show (Podcast). Vox Podcast Media Network. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
  6.  Biography Bryan Stevenson - website of The HistoryMakers
  7.  Moorer, Regina (November 28, 2018). "Equal Justice Initiative". Encyclopedia of Alabama (published June 14, 2013). Retrieved April 3, 2015.
  8.  Alexander, Bryan. "How accurate is 'Just Mercy'? The real case behind Michael B. Jordan's Bryan Stevenson movie". USA TODAY. Retrieved July 15, 2020.
  9.  Applebome, Peter (March 3, 1993). "Alabama Releases Man Held On Death Row for Six Years". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 15, 2020.
  10.  "Death in Prison Sentences". Equal Justice Initiative. Archived from the original on October 1, 2012. Retrieved October 30, 2019.
  11.  "Death Penalty". eji.org. Retrieved August 17, 2022.
  12.  "EJI's Community Remembrance Project". Equal Justice Initiative. Retrieved January 25, 2026.
  13.  "The National Memorial for Peace and Justice". Equal Justice Initiative. October 31, 2017.
  14.  Ortiz, Erik (April 28, 2018). "New museum on America's history of lynchings invokes powerful emotions". Retrieved January 12, 2020.
  15.  Riley, Ricky (June 20, 2016). "Social Justice Activist Smashes Myth that Slavery Ended in 1865 With Brilliant Examination". Atlanta Black Star. Retrieved October 30, 2019.
  16.  Warden, Rob (October 23, 2014). "Book review: 'Just Mercy: A Story of Justice and Redemption' by Bryan Stevenson". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 30, 2019.
  17.  "Anthony Doerr wins Carnegie Medal for fiction". Midcontinent Communications. Associated Press. June 28, 2015. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved June 28, 2015.
  18.  "Bryan Stevenson, 2015 Nonfiction Winner". Dayton Literary Peace Prize. Archived from the original on March 7, 2017. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
  19.  Wood, Leighann (February 1, 2015). "2015 Notable Books announced: Year's best in fiction, nonfiction and poetry". American Library Association.
  20.  N'Duka, Amanda (April 20, 2018). "Warner Bros Dates Melissa McCarthy Comedy 'Superintelligence' & Michael B. Jordan's 'Just Mercy'". Deadline.
  21.  Lillie, Ben (March 1, 2012). "All of our survival is tied to the survival of everyone: Bryan Stevenson at TED2012". TED Blog. TED Conferences. Retrieved March 6, 2012.
  22.  Anderson, Chris (March 5, 2012). "TED's first response to Bryan Stevenson's talk on injustice". TED Blog. TED Conferences. Retrieved March 6, 2012.
  23.  We need to talk about an injustice, a TED talk by Bryan Stevenson
  24.  Rhodes, Jerry (March 28, 2016). "167th Commencement - UDaily". UDaily. University of Delaware Office of Communications & Marketing. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
  25.  "Commencement 2016". Udel.edu. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
  26.  "Williams College Announces Its 2016 Honorary Degree Recipients" (Press release). Williams College Office of Communications. March 16, 2016. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
  27.  Loyola University Chicago, Office of Registration & Records
  28.  Stevenson, Bryan. 2015 Commencement Address (Speech). College of the Holy Cross: College of the Holy Cross. Retrieved December 24, 2016.[dead link]
  29.  Rubenstein, Laura (May 22, 2016). "Honorary Degree Recipient Bryan Stevenson Delivers 2016 Commencement Speech (with video)". News @ Wesleyan. Archived from the original on May 8, 2017. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
  30.  "Author Bryan Stevenson Challenges UM Freshmen, First-Year Students - Ole Miss News". Ole Miss News. August 23, 2017. Retrieved August 24, 2017.
  31.  "Event Information - First Pages at Northeastern University". First Pages at Northeastern University. Archived from the original on September 4, 2017. Retrieved September 4, 2017.
  32.  "Commencement 2020 | Emory University | Atlanta GA". alumni.emory.edu. Archived from the original on July 8, 2020. Retrieved July 7, 2020.
  33.  "Ware Lecture". Unitarian Universalist Association. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
  34.  "Just Mercy". Criminal (Podcast). No. 45. Radiotopia. July 16, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
  35.  Stevenson, Bryan (May 24, 2018). "A Blueprint for How to Change the World". Johns Hopkins University. Retrieved June 26, 2020. We need you to leave this university with high expectations for what you can do to create a more just world
  36.  "Criminal-justice reformer Bryan Stevenson to speak at Penn's 263rd Commencement". Penn Today. April 29, 2019. Retrieved July 18, 2022.
  37.  "Jazz At Lincoln Center Presents "Freedom, Justice, And Hope" performed by The Jazz at Lincoln Center Orchestra with Wynton Marsalis With Special Guest Bryan Stevenson". wyntonmarsalis.org. Retrieved May 27, 2021.
  38.  "EMU confers 408 degrees, as Bryan Stevenson is awarded university's second honorary doctorate". EMU News. May 9, 2022. Retrieved May 11, 2022.
  39.  "'Just Mercy' author Bryan Stevenson to deliver spring 2023 commencement address". Retrieved June 4, 2023.
  40.  "Bryan Stevenson, Author, Lawyer and Founder of the Equal Justice Initiative, to be Featured Speaker at Whitworth President's Leadership Forum".
  41.  MacArthur, Ron (August 29, 2024). "Bryan Allen Stevenson School of Excellence: Dream finally comes true". Cape Gazette. Retrieved July 19, 2025.
  42.  "Bryan Allen Stevenson School of Excellence receives $100K award from namesake". Cape Gazette. June 5, 2024. Retrieved July 19, 2025.
  43.  American Philosophical Society (2018). "2018 Benjamin Franklin Medal". www.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved April 6, 2019.
  44.  "The American Philosophical Society Welcomes New Members for 2024".
  45.  "Bryan Stevenson honored with National Civil Rights Museum's Freedom Award and ABA's Thurgood Marshall Award", NYU Law News, August 9, 2016.
  46.  "2000 – Bryan Stevenson | OLOF PALMES MINNESFOND" (in Swedish). Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  47.  "2009 Gruber Justice Prize Press Release | Gruber Foundation". gruber.yale.edu. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  48.  Archives Trust Fund Annual Report 2011 (PDF) (Report). 2011. p. 12. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
  49.  "2012 American Ingenuity Award Winners". Smithsonian Magazine. Smithsonian. Archived from the original on October 30, 2019. Retrieved October 11, 2018.
  50.  "2015 – Dayton Literary Peace Prize". Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  51.  Williams, Serena (April 16, 2015). "The 100 Most Influential People: Bryan Stevenson". Time Magazine. Archived from the original on November 30, 2020. Retrieved December 23, 2020.
  52.  "Princeton awards six honorary degrees". Princeton University. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  53.  Admin (January 26, 2017). "Oxford Announces Honorary Degrees For 2017 | Connected Oxford". Connected Oxford. Archived from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  54.  "2017 Stowe Prize Winner Is..." myemail.constantcontact.com. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  55.  Locker, Melissa (November 15, 2018). "People's Choice Awards 2018: The Wildest, Weirdest Moments". Time. Retrieved December 17, 2020.[dead link]
  56.  "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
  57.  "Bryan Stevenson (USA)". The Right Livelihood Foundation. Archived from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  58.  Tucke, Katheryn (September 22, 2020). "Criminal Defense Lawyers Honor 'Just Mercy' Author". Daily Report. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  59.  "Honoring global citizens". amsterdamnews.com. December 17, 2020. Retrieved February 2, 2021.
  60.  Littleton, Cynthia (December 18, 2020). "Global Citizen Keeps Eye on Prize Despite Pandemic Challenges". Variety. Retrieved February 2, 2021.
  61.  "EJI Founder Bryan Stevenson Receives Fitzgerald Museum Literary Prize for Excellence in Writing Award". December 21, 2020.
  62.  "Bryan Stevenson, Author, Lawyer and Founder of the Equal Justice Initiative, to be Featured Speaker at Whitworth President's Leadership Forum". www.news.whitworth.edu.
  63.  "Stockholm Prize in Criminology awarded to practitioners working to reduce cruel and unusual punishment". CIVIS - A European Civic University (in Italian). Retrieved January 14, 2025.
  64.  "UVA, Thomas Jefferson Foundation Announce 2025 Jefferson Medalists". March 10, 2025.
  65.  Lartey, Jamiles (June 26, 2019). "Bryan Stevenson: the lawyer devoting his life to fighting injustice". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  66.  "Bryan Stevenson". People. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  67.  Lantz, Brianna (January 9, 2020). "Breaking Bonds of Silence: An Interview with Bryan Stevenson". Nations Media. Archived from the original on September 27, 2020. Retrieved September 27, 2020.

===

Just Mercy (book)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Just Mercy
First edition
AuthorBryan Stevenson
PublisherSpiegel & Grau
Publication dateOctober 21, 2014
Pages336
Awards
ISBN978-0-8129-9452-0
OCLC877914371
Dewey Decimal353.48092
LC ClassKF373.S743
Websitejustmercy.eji.org
All identifiers refer to the hardcover edition published in 2014 unless otherwise noted

Just Mercy: A Story of Justice and Redemption (2014) is a memoir by American attorney Bryan Stevenson that documents his career defending disadvantaged clients. The book, focusing on injustices in the United States judicial system, alternates chapters between documenting Stevenson's efforts to overturn the wrongful conviction of Walter McMillian and his work on other cases, including children who receive life sentences, and other poor or marginalized clients.

The memoir has received many honors and won multiple non-fiction book awards. It was a New York Times best seller and spent more than 230 weeks on the paperback nonfiction best sellers list.[5] It won the 2015 Andrew Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Nonfiction, given annually by the American Library Association. The book was also awarded the 2015 Dayton Literary Peace Prize for Nonfiction[3] and the 2015 NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Literary Work in Nonfiction.[4] It was named one of "10 of the decade's most influential books" in December 2019 by CNN.[6]

Published in hardcover and digital formats in 2014 by Spiegel & Grau, then an imprint of Penguin Random House, it was released by Random House Audio in audiobook format read by Stevenson. It has also been published in paperback. A young adult adaptation was published by Delacorte Press on September 18, 2018. The memoir was adapted as a 2019 movie of the same name by Destin Daniel Cretton. To commemorate the film, "Movie Tie-In" editions were released for both versions of the memoir on December 3, 2019 by imprints of Penguin Random House.

Background

Stevenson in 2012
Stevenson in 2012

Stevenson, a lawyer and the founder of the Equal Justice Initiative,[7] graduated from Harvard Law School. He was inspired to become a lawyer in part by his grandfather's murder, which occurred when he was sixteen.[8] He earned his undergraduate degree from Eastern University, known as Eastern College at the time, and began his career as a lawyer for the poor in Georgia before moving to Alabama and founding the Equal Justice Initiative.[9]

Stevenson pitched the idea for the memoir to Chris Jackson of Spiegel & Grau based on a TED talk he had given, and was signed immediately.[10] The title was chosen to help convey the book's message that justice and mercy are not mutually exclusive.[11] Stevenson features his work on appeals for Walter McMillian, who is featured in the book. This case was explored during a 1992 60 Minutes episode,[12] and in the book Circumstantial Evidence: Death, Life, and Justice in a Southern Town (1995)[13] by journalist Pete Earley.[9]

Overview

The book is a memoir about Stevenson's career as a lawyer and his work for poor clients, largely focusing on his efforts to overturn the wrongful conviction of Walter McMillian for the murder of Ronda Morrison.[9][8] Stevenson began working on the case in the 1980s, while McMillian was on death row.[9] The case is revisited throughout the book and serves as the primary narrative;[8] the chapters of the book alternate between visiting various aspects of the McMillian case over time (odd chapters) and Stevenson's work on other cases (even chapters).[14][15]

Based largely on testimony from a police informant, McMillian was convicted and sentenced to death for the murder of Ronda Morrison, a young white woman, in Monroeville, Alabama (the hometown of writers Harper Lee, who wrote To Kill a Mockingbird, and Truman Capote).[9] The jury at McMillian's trial, which included only one Black person,[16] returned a sentence of life in prison. The presiding judge overruled them and imposed a death sentence in the case.[9] In 1993 McMillian was acquitted when all charges were dropped, after he had spent six years on death row for the murder, including more than a year before his trial.[14]

The book also provides a brief history of the Equal Justice Initiative.[16] Stevenson concentrates on the injustices that occur in the United States' criminal justice system, which had the world's highest incarceration rate and population at the time of publication.[17] Stevenson recounts his first meeting with a death-row inmate in 1983, when he was a law student and intern in Georgia for the Southern Prisoners Defense Committee. (Now the Southern Center for Human Rights, based in Atlanta).[8] Stevenson explores the path of his career over thirty years, and the book ends in 2013, with the natural death of McMillian.[14]

Stevenson documents his work for other marginalized clients, including efforts to overturn and ban mandatory life sentences without parole given to defendants convicted of crimes committed as juveniles.[16] Among other high profile cases, Stevenson worked in Miller v. Alabama, in which he successfully argued before the Supreme Court of the United States in 2012 that mandatory life sentences without parole for minors, even in cases of murder, were a violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibiting "cruel and unusual punishment".[11] The memoir also describes cases of abuse of power by police, judges and prosecutors in the criminal justice system.[18]

Reception

The book was widely reviewed and praised by journalists and leading figures in social justice and culture. As of summer 2016, the book had been adopted by more than twenty colleges and universities as "college-level reading" assigned to incoming freshmen.[19]

In 2020 Oprah Winfrey wrote: "When I wanted to deepen my understanding of mass incarceration and social justice, I was guided by Bryan Stevenson's masterful Just Mercy".[20] Attorney and writer John Grisham said that the book is an "inspiring and powerful story".[21] Nobel Peace Prize laureate Desmond Tutu wrote the book "is as gripping as it is disturbing—as if America's soul has been put on trial."[22] Tutu also wrote that the book:[23]

should be read by people of conscience in every civilized country in the world to discover what happens when revenge and retribution replace justice and mercy. It is as gripping to read as any legal thriller, and what hangs in the balance is nothing less than the soul of a great nation.

Tutu has referred to Stevenson as "America's Nelson Mandela".[24]

Critic A. O. Scott wrote that it "is a painful, beautiful, revelatory book, the kind of reading experience that can permanently alter your understanding of the world."[25] Nicholas Kristof praised the book as a "searing, moving and infuriating memoir".[26] After reading the book Jonathan Lavine, an executive for Bain Capital, donated US$1 million to the Equal Justice Initiative, saying "I was beside myself."[27]

Reviews

Among others, the book was reviewed by Alan W. Clarke,[28] David D. Cole,[29] Ted Conover,[9][30] and Rob Warden.[31] In his review, Alan Clarke wrote: "One follows in awe as Stevenson overcomes one obstacle after another".[28] David Cole wrote in a second review of the book: "Every bit as moving as To Kill a Mockingbird, and in some way more so".[29] In his review, Ted Conover wrote that the memoir "aggregates and personalizes the struggle against injustice in the story of one activist lawyer" and that "[y]ou don't have to read too long to start cheering for this man".[9] Conover summarized the book's message as "evil can be overcome, a difference can be made".[9] In his review, Rob Warden wrote that the book "is an easy read" and is "a work of style, substance and clarity".[31]

The Financial Times said the book is "[a]s deeply moving, poignant and powerful a book as has been, and maybe ever can be, written about the death penalty."[32] Kirkus Reviews described it as "Emotionally profound, necessary reading."[33]

Awards and honors

It was named as one of the best nonfiction books of 2014 by many different publications. It won several awards, including the 2015 Andrew Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Nonfiction, given annually by the American Library Association.[2] Stevenson's acceptance speech for the award was said to be the best many of the librarians at the conference had ever heard; it was published in Publishers Weekly.[34][35] The journal included a version of the article at the end of the year in a story titled "PW's Top 10 Library Stories of 2015".[36]

The book was awarded the 2015 Dayton Literary Peace Prize for Nonfiction,[3] and the 2015 NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Literary Work in Nonfiction.[4] The book was also a finalist for the 2014 Kirkus Prize for Nonfiction,[37] a finalist for the 2015 Los Angeles Times Book Prize,[38], and was nominated for the 2015 Warwick Prize for Writing.[39]

YearAwardCategoryResultRef(s)
2014Carla Furstenberg Cohen Literary PrizeNonfictionWon[40]
Kirkus PrizeNonfictionNominated (Finalist)[37][33]
2015Andrew Carnegie Medals for Excellence in Fiction and NonfictionNonfictionWon[2]
Warwick Prize for WritingNon-fictionNominated (Longlist)[39]
Los Angeles Times Book PrizeCurrent InterestNominated (Finalist)[38]
Dayton Literary Peace PrizeNon-FictionWon[3]
NAACP Image AwardsOutstanding Literary Work – NonfictionWon[4]
2017The Stowe Prize for Writing to Advance Social JusticeN/AWon[41]

Best books lists

It was ranked as among the top nonfiction books of 2014 by The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Boston Globe, The Seattle Times, and Time.

It retained high standing: in 2018 book was listed as one of the "Top 10 books about miscarriages of justice" by The Guardian.[42] In December 2019, CNN included it in a list of the decade's '10 most influential books', noting that it "is a compelling portrait of a lawyer dedicated to exposing the inequities of the US criminal justice system" and that "Stevenson masterfully connects his own fight with the struggles of McMillian and a few of his other former clients and personalizes the nation's raging debate on racial injustice and criminal justice reform."[6]

Reading lists

  • Included in "An Anti-Racist Nonfiction Reading List" by Publishers Weekly in June 2020.[49]
  • Included in "20 Books For 2020: A Reading List On Race In America" by Forbes in June 2020[50]
  • Oprah Winfrey included the book in an article on "books that changed her life" in early 2020.[20]
  • Former President Barack Obama included the book in his 2019 Black History Month reading list, prepared for celebration of the fifth anniversary of his "My Brother's Keeper" initiative.[51]

Adaptations

Movie

The book was adapted into a feature-length film of the same name (2019). The screenplay was written by Destin Daniel Cretton and Andrew Lanham.[25] Directed by Cretton, the movie stars Michael B. Jordan as Stevenson and Jamie Foxx as McMillian.[52][25] Other actors include Rob Morgan, Tim Blake Nelson, Rafe Spall, O'Shea Jackson Jr., and Brie Larson.[25] The Los Angeles Times ranked it among the "Best of 2019: 8 of the most memorable book-to-film releases".[53]

Young adult book

Just Mercy: Adapted for Young Adults: A True Story of the Fight for Justice is an adaption of the book aimed towards young adults that was published by Delacorte Press on September 18, 2018. The book debuted as the Publishers Weekly number one young adult best seller in September 2019.[54] The book made the New York Times Best Sellers Young Adult Paperback list in January 2020.[55] Among other honors, it shared the 2019 Flora Stieglitz Straus Award with Dreamers by Yuyi Morales, an award given each year by the Children's Book Committee of the Bank Street College of Education for an outstanding work in children's nonfiction.[56] Kirkus Reviews posted an article on the book saying it "is required reading, embracing the ideals that 'we all need mercy, we all need justice, and—perhaps—we all need some measure of unmerited grace.'"[57] The book has also been included in reading lists by various publications,[58][59][60] such as USA Today who named it as one of "17 kids books to read for Black History Month".[61]

On August 7, 2023, the book was banned for "Teaching About Controversial Issues" by Yorkville, Illinois Community School District 115 Board of Education, after a closed door meeting. On December 27, 2023, Deputy Illinois Attorney General Brent Stratton ruled the meeting illegal under the State of Illinois Open Meetings Act (OMA).[62]

Publication history

Sales

The book was a New York Times best seller, peaking at the number one spot in combined nonfiction sales on February 2, 2020,[63] it has spent over 35 weeks on the combined nonfiction best sellers list,[64] and it has spent over 230 weeks on the paperback nonfiction best sellers list.[5] It is also a USA Today Best-Selling Book, having spent over 30 weeks on their overall list[65] and peaking at number six for the week ending on August 22, 2020.[66] After being promoted by Starbucks in late 2015, the book made number eight on the Publishers Weekly Best Sellers list for the week of September 7, 2015, selling over twenty-five thousand copies that week.[35] The book was simultaneously included on their "Trade Paperback" list at number two,[67] after debuting on the list the week before at number twelve with four thousand copies sold.[35] The magazine published an article noting that, while it had sold fifty-four thousand print editions of the book since its release in 2014, the sales had been slow and steady so that it had not previously made it on any of the lists.[35] After sales slowed down following the 2015 Holiday season, the book reappeared on the Trade Paperback list at number 18 on July 25, 2016.[68]

The book made several bestsellers lists in 2020, including peaking at number one on the Los Angeles Times Nonfiction Best Sellers List on February 23, 2020.[69] Upon the release of the "Movie Tie-In Edition", the audiobook made Publishers Weekly's list of "Apple Books Category Bestsellers" at number three on the week of March 8, 2020.[70] The book, along with several others, reentered the USA Today Best-Selling list in the wake of the murder of George Floyd in late-May 2020, when several related popular titles sold out in stores like Amazon and Barnes & Noble as there was a large surge in demand for books on racial justice.[71] Publishers Weekly reported that the book had sold nearly 14,000 copies over the week ending on May 30, 2020, while it had only sold 5000 copies the week before.[72] The book remained a top 50 seller for the month of June, having sold over 168 thousand copies from January through June 2020.[73] Forbes noted that, since the start of the George Floyd protests, sales of anti-racism books, including Just Mercy, jumped by over 2000%, with the book selling over 100 thousand copies between May and June 2020 alone.[74] As of December 15, 2020, the book remains on The Washington Post's nonfiction paperback best sellers list,[75] having peaked at number one on the list on February 12, 2020.[76]

Original version

Young adult version

  • Paperback: Stevenson, Bryan (September 10, 2019). Just Mercy: Adapted for Young Adults: A True Story of the Fight for Justice (1st ed.). New York: Ember Publishing. ISBN 978-0-525-58006-5. OCLC 1020311553.
  • Hardcover: Stevenson, Bryan (September 18, 2018). Just Mercy: Adapted for Young Adults: A True Story of the Fight for Justice (1st ed.). New York: Delacorte Press. ISBN 978-0-525-58003-4. OCLC 1020311553.
  • Hardcover: Stevenson, Bryan (June 24, 2020). Just Mercy: Adapted for Young Adults: A True Story of the Fight for Justice (Large print ed.). Waterville, Maine: Delacorte Press. ISBN 978-1-4328-7863-4. OCLC 1159241103.
  • Digital: Stevenson, Bryan (September 1, 2018). Just Mercy: Adapted for Young Adults: A True Story of the Fight for Justice (1st ed.). New York: Delacorte Press. ISBN 978-0-525-58005-8. OCLC 1020311553.
  • Audiobook: Stevenson, Bryan (September 18, 2018), Just Mercy: Adapted for Young Adults: A True Story of the Fight for Justice (1st ed.), New York: Listening Library, ISBN 978-0-525-63592-5, OCLC 1041858523
  • CD: Stevenson, Bryan (September 18, 2018), Just Mercy: Adapted for Young Adults: A True Story of the Fight for Justice (1st ed.), New York: Listening Library, ISBN 978-0-525-63592-5, OCLC 1041858523

Movie Tie-In Edition

  • Paperback: Stevenson, Bryan (December 3, 2019). Just Mercy: A Story of Justice and Redemption (Movie Tie-In ed.). New York: One World. ISBN 978-0-593-13393-4. OCLC 1128270554.
  • Paperback: Stevenson, Bryan (December 3, 2019). Just Mercy: Adapted for Young Adults: A True Story of the Fight for Justice (Movie Tie-In ed.). New York: Ember Publishing. ISBN 978-0-593-17704-4. OCLC 1020311553.

See also

References

  1.  Wood, Leighann (February 1, 2015). "2015 Notable Books announced: Year's best in fiction, nonfiction and poetry". American Library Association. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
  2.  Albanese, Andrew (June 27, 2015). "ALA 2015: Doerr, Stevenson Win Carnegie Medals". Publishers Weekly. ISSN 0000-0019. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
  3.  "2015 – Dayton Literary Peace Prize". Retrieved December 16, 2020.
  4.  Dalton, Andrew (February 22, 2020). "Lizzo, 'Just Mercy' win top honors at NAACP Image Awards". AP News. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
  5.  "Paperback Nonfiction Books – Best Sellers". The New York Times. December 27, 2020. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 23, 2020.
  6.  Wolfe, Elizabeth; Griggs, Brandon (December 30, 2019). "Here are 10 of the decade's most influential books". CNN. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
  7.  Egan, Elisabeth (January 23, 2020). "Before Michael B. Jordan Played Him in 'Just Mercy,' Bryan Stevenson Was a Kid Who Loved to Read". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  8.  Weinberg, Steve (December 9, 2014). "Review: 'Just Mercy,' by Bryan Stevenson". Star Tribune. ISSN 0895-2825. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  9.  Conover, Ted (October 17, 2014). "'Just Mercy,' by Bryan Stevenson (Published 2014)". The New York Times Book Review. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  10.  Patrick, Diane (November 27, 2015). "Chris Jackson: Acquiring Nonfiction on Race and Justice". Publishers Weekly. ISSN 0000-0019. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  11.  Berry, William W. (March 10, 2016). "Implementing Just Mercy". Texas Law Review. 94 (2): 331–333. ISSN 0040-4411. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
  12.  Farmer, Brit McCandless (January 9, 2020). "From the 60 Minutes archives: The true story behind "Just Mercy"". CBS News. Retrieved December 18, 2020.
  13.  Earley, Pete (1995). Circumstantial evidence : death, life, and justice in a southern town. New York: Bantam Books. ISBN 0-553-09501-3. OCLC 32201666.
  14.  Sung, Tae (2016). "Our Shared Brokenness". Books & Culture. ISSN 1082-8931. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  15.  Bush, Vanessa (October 15, 2014). "Just Mercy, by Bryan Stevenson". Booklist. ISSN 0006-7385. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
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  18.  Collett, Steve (June 2015). "Book review: Just Mercy: A Story of Justice and Redemption". Probation Journal. 62 (2): 189–191. doi:10.1177/0264550515586145a. ISSN 0264-5505. S2CID 145737851.
  19.  Randall, David (December 1, 2017). "Go Sell It on the Campus: Beach BooksUpdate". Academic Questions. 30 (4): 471–475. doi:10.1007/s12129-017-9667-z (inactive July 18, 2025). ISSN 1936-4709. S2CID 148940002.
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  21.  Mitchell, Jerry (December 17, 2014). "Renowned lawyer Bryan Stevenson signing books today". The Clarion-Ledger. ISSN 0744-9526. Retrieved December 23, 2020.
  22.  Tutu, Desmond (April 17, 2015). "Why Desmond Tutu Thinks Bryan Stevenson Is "Shaping the Moral Universe"". Vanity Fair. ISSN 0733-8899. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
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  24.  Adams, Tim (February 1, 2015). "Bryan Stevenson: 'America's Mandela'". The Observer. ISSN 0029-7712. Retrieved December 23, 2020.
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  37.  Schaub, Michael (September 30, 2014). "Kirkus announces finalists for its first book prizes, each $50,000". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 2165-1736. Retrieved December 23, 2020.
  38.  Kellogg, Carolyn (March 4, 2015). "T.C. Boyle, LeVar Burton lead L.A. Times Book Prizes". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 2165-1736. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  39.  "Warwick Prize for Writing 2015 Longlist Announced". warwick.ac.uk. June 19, 2015. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
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  41.  Dunne, Susan (February 20, 2018). "Author Matthew Desmond Awarded Stowe Prize For Social Justice Writing". Chicago Tribune. ISSN 1085-6706. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  42.  Dahl, Julia (April 11, 2018). "Top 10 books about miscarriages of justice". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved December 23, 2020.
  43.  D'Addario, Daniel (December 2, 2014). "Top 10 Nonfiction Books". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
  44.  "The 5 Most Important Books of 2014". Esquire. December 22, 2014. ISSN 0194-9535. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
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  48.  Gwinn, Mary Ann (December 14, 2014). "Best books of 2014: The Seattle Times lists its top 35 titles". Seattle Times. ISSN 0745-9696. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
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  50.  Westaway, Kyle (June 4, 2020). "20 Books For 2020: A Reading List On Race In America". Forbes. Retrieved December 24, 2020.
  51.  Obama, Barack (February 18, 2018). "President Obama Marks Five-Year Anniversary of My Brother's Keeper with Reading List". Obama Foundation. Retrieved December 23, 2020.
  52.  Lee, Ashley (September 7, 2019). "Michael B. Jordan says Bryan Stevenson is the 'real-life superhero' of 'Just Mercy'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 2165-1736. Retrieved December 19, 2020.
  53.  Barton, Chris (December 11, 2019). "Best of 2019: 8 of the most memorable book-to-film releases". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 2165-1736. Retrieved December 23, 2020.
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  56.  Burnett, Matia (April 9, 2019). "Honoring Storytellers: The Children's Book Committee Awards at Bank Street". Publishers Weekly. ISSN 0000-0019. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
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  59.  "14 Antiracist Books for Kids and Teens Recommended by BIPOC Teachers and Librarians". The New York Times. November 16, 2020. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
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  61.  Ali, Rasha (February 1, 2019). "17 kids books to read for Black History Month from board titles to young adult". USA Today. ISSN 0734-7456. Retrieved December 22, 2020.
  62.  "Secret School Board Meeting on Book Banning was Illegal". December 31, 2023.
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  70.  "Apple Books Category Bestsellers, 8 March 2020". Publishers Weekly. March 13, 2020. ISSN 0000-0019. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
  71.  Cadden, Mary (June 4, 2020). "Books about race flying off shelves, climbing best-seller lists following the death of George Floyd, protests". USA Today. ISSN 0734-7456. Retrieved December 23, 2020.
  72.  Milliot, Jim (June 11, 2020). "Race, Social Justice Titles Sparked Rise in Sales Last Week". Publishers Weekly. ISSN 0000-0019. Retrieved December 24, 2020.
  73.  Milliot, Jim (June 26, 2020). "Print Sales Enjoy an Unexpected High". Publishers Weekly. ISSN 0000-0019. Retrieved December 24, 2020.
  74.  McEvoy, Jemima (July 22, 2020). "Sales Of 'White Fragility'—And Other Anti-Racism Books—Jumped Over 2000% After Protests Began". Forbes. ISSN 0015-6914. Retrieved December 24, 2020.
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Further reading

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