2026년 10월 26일 월요일

A Russian Journal • Robert Capa • Magnum Photos

A Russian Journal • Robert Capa • Magnum Photos



A Russian Journal


John Steinbeck and Robert Capa’s seminal book offers an account of everyday life in the Soviet Union during the Cold War

Robert Capa





Robert Capa Moscow. Former USSR. 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos



A Russian Journal, (1948) attempts only “honest reporting, to set down what we saw and heard with editorial comment, without drawing conclusions about things we didn’t know sufficiently,” according to its author John Steinbeck. The book developed out of Steinbeck and Robert Capa’s desire to produce an eyewitness account of the everyday life in Stalin’s Soviet Union. The pair journeyed along the so-called Vodka Circuit – Moscow, Kiev, Stalingrad and Georgia – for forty days between July 31 and mid-September 1947, documenting the people and landscapes they encountered.


Robert Capa Robert Capa and John Steinbeck. Moscow, former USSR. August to September, 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos



Following the end of World War II, growing tensions between the Soviet Union, under Stalin’s Communist rule, and the United States, culminated in the beginning of the Cold War. For most, the war was largely invisible; devoid of the battlefields and fighting of traditional warfare. Intrigued by what lay behind the Eastern Bloc’s ‘Iron Curtain,’ Steinbeck and Capa were determined to venture into these unknown territories and record the everyday lives of their inhabitants. With Western newspapers saturated by daily reports about the activities of the Eastern Bloc, the pair set out to author an account of the region that would offer an alternative perspective of it, centering on its people and free from any historical context, political overtones or in-depth analysis.


Robert Capa © International Center of Photography Moscow's Red Square with the Church of St Basil in the background. Former USSR. 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos



Robert Capa Bolshoi Ballet. Moscow, former USSR. 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos



Neither Capa nor Steinbeck naturally gravitated towards collaborative endeavors. The affinity between their creative approaches, however, resulted in what was both of their most successful collaborations. Capa returned from the trip with almost four thousand negatives, and Steinbeck with several hundred pages of notes. Dedicated to privileging the individual portrait over a comprehensive narrative, Steinbeck and Capa were united in their desire to record the everyday details of Soviet life and the unique people they met during their travels. Writing about the photographer following his premature death in 1954, Steinbeck praised Capa’s ability to do this: “He could photograph motion and gaiety and heartbreak. He could photographer thought … Note how he captures the endlessness of the Russian landscape and one single human. See how his lens could peer through the eyes into the mind of a man.”


Robert Capa Stalingrad. Former USSR. 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos


Robert Capa Stalingrad. Former USSR. 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos


"Note how he captures the endlessness of the Russian landscape and one single human. See how his lens could peer through the eyes into the mind of a man"
- John Steinbeck


Robert Capa Women walking in a deserted landscape. Stalingrad, former USSR. 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos



The pair left to endless warnings about the dangers they would encounter, after receiving sponsorship from the New York Herald to fund the trip. They arrived in Moscow in the summer of 1947. Far from encountering the monstrous society that had been described to them, Capa and Steinbeck were impressed by the unrelenting hope and strength of a people who had survived against all odds, emerging from the horrors of war to lives governed by the repressive and dictatorial regime of Stalin. From the tired and stern-faced inhabitants of a newly built Moscow, to the incredible spirit of the Georgian people and the beauty of their region, through image and text, A Russian Journal captures the unique characters of the places and communities they visited, and the innumerable peculiarities of the Communist State.


Robert Capa Destroyed monastery on cliffs above Dnieper river. Kiev, Ukraine, former USSR. 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos



Robert Capa Kiev, Ukraine, former USSR. 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos


Robert Capa Kiev, Ukraine, former USSR. 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos



There had been no camera coverage of the Soviet Union by an American for decades. Steinbeck recounts how Capa brought with him a multitude of photographic equipment, including duplicates of almost everything in case any of it might be lost. A war photographer by nature, Capa, however, struggled to be excited by the recovering landscapes of the Soviet Union.

Throughout the text, Steinbeck makes reference to Capa’s difficulties, devoting a single chapter, A Legitimate Complaint, for the photographer to complain openly: “the hundred and ninety-million Russians are against me. They are not holding wild meetings on street corners, do not practice spectacular free love, do not have any kind of new look, they are very righteous, moral, hard-working people, for a photographer as dull as apple piece … My four cameras, used to wars and revolutions, are disgusted, and every time I click them something goes wrong.” Nonetheless, Capa encountered moments of inspiration, producing a body of work that documents the region from his unique perspective.


Robert Capa Shevchenko, Ukraine. August, 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos



Robert Capa Shevchenko, Ukraine. August, 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos


Robert Capa Woman gathering a bundle of hay on a collective farm, Ukraine. August, 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos


"My four cameras, used to wars and revolutions, are disgusted, and every time I click them something goes wrong"
- Robert Capa


Robert Capa Reaping wheat on the Shevchenko collective farm. Ukraine. 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos


Robert Capa Stalingrad, former USSR. 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos



Robert Capa The social club. Collective farm in Shevchenko, Ukraine, former USSR. August 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos


Robert Capa Families of a collective farm seated for a meal. Ukraine, former USSR. August, 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos



Robert Capa Reaping wheat on Shevchenko collective farm. Ukraine. 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos



Steinbeck and Capa’s trip was arguably only approved by the regime in the hope that their book might improve relations with the United States. They were accompanied at all times by a state-sanctioned official who, for the most part, dictated their itinerary. Thus the pair were mainly presented with a rose-tinted version of the social realities of post-war Soviet cities; meeting with carefully selected leading intellectuals in Moscow and Georgia, and select members of the peasantry in Ukraine. For the most part, they were denied visits to factories and working class districts, and any photographs taken by Capa that documented too much topography were censored by Soviet officials before the pair returned to the US. The majority of Capa’s negatives and Steinbeck’s prose however made it through, and, collated as A Russian Journal, present an invaluable historical record of a significant moment in recent history.


Robert Capa Stalingrad, former USSR. 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos



Robert Capa Watching fireworks during the celebration of the 800th anniversary of the founding of the city. Moscow. September, 1947. © Robert Capa © International Center of Photography | Magnum Photos





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2026년 10월 25일 일요일

아메리칸 학원 -- 종교와 한인 이민교회

아메리칸 학원 요약 평론

이민진의 <미국식 학원>(American Hagwon)에 나타난 종교와 관련된 주요 양상과 상징적 의미를 정리한 내용 

1. 한인 이민 사회의 이중적 공간: 복음장로교회(Evangelical Presbyterian Church)

작품 속에서 개신교 교회는 단순한 영적 예배 처소를 넘어, 낯선 이국땅에 던져진 디아스포라 한인들의 생존, 사교, 계급적 네트워크가 교차하는 세속적 중심지로 작동한다.

  • 네트워크와 피난처로서의 교회: 캘리포니아 오렌지카운티에 정착한 고씨 일가를 비롯한 교민들에게 교회는 주류 사회에서 배제된 이들이 정보를 교환하고, 일자리를 찾으며, 모국어로 정서적 유대를 확인하는 유일한 사회적 안전망이다.

  • 불안과 탐욕의 온상: 그러나 소설은 교회가 지닌 어두운 이면을 예리하게 파헤친다. 폐쇄적인 신뢰 관계망은 신 이사와 단비 같은 인물들에게 손쉬운 사기 범죄의 무대로 악용된다. 이들은 장로, 권사, 집사라는 종교적 직분과 신앙적 신뢰를 방패막이 삼아 신도들을 상대로 허위 보험 및 금융 투자 사기를 저지른다. 거룩한 신앙의 언어가 세속적 자본 축적과 사기의 도구로 오염되는 이민 교회의 구조적 취약성을 가감 없이 드러낸다.

2. 교육과 능력주의의 세속적 종교화: ‘학원(Hagwon)’이라는 성소

작품 전체를 관통하는 가장 본질적인 종교적 은유는 바로 ‘교육의 세속적 우상화’다. 전통적인 기독교 신앙을 대체한 현대 자본주의의 절대 종교는 바로 사교육과 학벌주의다.

  • 현대판 출애굽(Exodus)의 환상: 미도가 강사로 일하는 오렌지카운티 사교육 기관의 이름인 ‘엑소더스(Exodus)’는 명백히 구약 성서의 출애굽 모티프를 차용한 것이다. 학부모와 학생들에게 학원은 차별과 계급 전락의 억압(이집트의 노예 생활)에서 벗어나 아이비리그와 주류 사회라는 ‘약속의 땅(가나안)’으로 이끌어 줄 세속적 구원의 통로로 숭배된다.

  • 면죄부와 사제 계급: 고액의 학원비와 과외비는 중산층 부모들이 계급 하락의 공포를 씻어내기 위해 바치는 헌금이자 현대판 면죄부다. 미도처럼 대입 에세이를 완벽하게 다듬어 주는 ‘외과의사’ 강사들은 합격을 점지하고 구원의 문을 열어주는 새로운 사제 계급의 역할을 수행한다.

3. 고난과 침묵: 헬렌의 비극과 제도적 종교의 무력함

고씨 일가의 어머니 헬렌이 겪는 췌장암 말기 투병과 죽음의 과정에서, 제도화된 종교는 실질적인 구원이나 위로를 베풀지 못한다.

  • 기복적 신앙의 한계: 교민 교회의 신앙 공동체는 성공과 번영의 서사에는 열광하지만, 의료보험조차 없이 서서히 무너져가는 이민자 가정의 실존적 절규와 고통 앞에서는 무기력하다.

  • 세속적 자본에 밀린 영성: 헬렌의 병원비와 마지막 안식처를 마련해 준 것은 기도가 아니라 한국에서 건너온 문 회장의 거대한 사자본(소냐의 자금)이었다. 이는 초국적 자본의 냉혹한 힘 앞에서 신앙이나 종교적 공동체 의식이 얼마나 부차적인 위치로 밀려나 있는가를 역설적으로 웅변한다.

4. 파멸과 죄책감: 탕자의 몰락과 신 이사의 비극

소설 후반부 신 이사의 궤적은 성서 속 탐욕과 타락, 그리고 용서받지 못한 영혼의 비극적 종말을 환기한다.

  • 신앙을 악용한 자의 최후: 교회 내부에서 사기 행각을 벌이며 도덕적 타락의 극치를 달리던 신 이사는 결국 모든 기만이 폭로되자 가정과 사회에서 철저히 버림받는다.

  • 구원 없는 절망: 그는 신앙을 통한 참회나 회복의 길을 찾지 못하고, 자신의 죄악과 파멸의 무게를 감당하지 못한 채 스스로 목숨을 끊는 극단적인 절망을 선택한다.

5. 식탁의 성찬: 용서와 환대의 세속적 기독교 윤리

소설의 마지막 장면에서 존 고가 보여주는 행동은 제도화된 교회의 울타리를 넘어선 진정한 종교적 구원과 아가페(Agape)적 사랑의 실천이다.

  • 원수의 자식을 거두는 환대: 존은 자신을 파멸시키고 가족을 고통으로 몰아넣었던 철천지원수 신 이사의 남겨진 어린 딸 안나(Anna)를 조건 없이 거두어들인다. 복수와 증오 대신 연민과 책임을 선택하는 이 결단은 복음서가 말하는 가장 근본적인 윤리인 ‘원수를 사랑하고 고아를 돌보라’는 명령의 세속적 구현이다.

  • 식탁의 성찬(Eucharist): 화려한 교회 예배당이나 성공의 공간이 아니라, 낡은 부엌 식탁에 나란히 앉아 안나와 함께 책을 읽는 존의 모습은 소박한 성찬의 식탁을 상징한다. 사교육이라는 세속적 우상과 타락한 종교 권력이 모두 붕괴한 자리에서, 비로소 인간 대 인간의 순수한 용서와 돌봄이라는 참된 영성이 완성된다.

전작 <파친코>의 이삭이나 요셉 같은 인물들이 체현했던 기독교적 순교·희생 모티프와 <미국식 학원>의 존 고가 보여주는 환대의 윤리를 비교해 살펴볼 수도 있습니다.

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"<파친코>의 목사 백이삭이 보여준 자기희생적 신앙과 <미국식 학원>의 존 고가 보여준 용서와 환대의 윤리를 비교해 줘." />


이민진 《American Hagwon》의 종교와 한인 이민교회

종교적 장면과 사회학적 의미에 대한 정리 | 2026년 10월

자료의 범위: 작품 전문을 대조한 주석이 아니라 2026년 출간 이후 공개된 서평과 저자 인터뷰를 중심으로 정리했다. 확인된 묘사와 사회학적 해석을 구별하였으며, 특정 장면의 대사나 장별 위치를 추정하지 않았다.

1. 고씨 가족의 기독교 신앙과 일상의 도덕성

존 고와 헬렌 고 가족의 생활에서 기독교 신앙은 성실한 노동, 자녀교육, 가족에 대한 책임과 나란히 놓인다. 서평에 따르면 고씨 가족은 한국에서의 직업적 몰락과 호주·미국으로의 이동, 미국에서의 계층 하강을 겪으면서도 일요일마다 함께 교회에 출석한다. 아버지 존이 자신의 학력을 충분히 인정받지 못한 채 음식점에서 일하는 장면과 가족의 지속적인 예배 참석이 나란히 제시된다는 점이 중요하다. 종교는 성공을 보장하는 마술적 수단이 아니라 삶의 지위를 잃었을 때에도 존엄과 일상의 질서를 유지하는 자원으로 해석할 수 있다. 다만 가족의 도덕성을 기독교의 직접적인 결과로 환원하는 독법은 피해야 한다. 소설은 가난, 이주, 가족의 헌신이라는 사회적 조건도 함께 다룬다.

2. 오렌지카운티의 한인 장로교회: 공동체이자 조직

오렌지카운티에는 가상의 대형 교회인 ‘Gospel Presbyterian’이 등장한다. 한 서평은 수천 명의 신도, 선출된 위원회, 다수의 건물과 상당한 건축 재정을 언급하며 그 묘사가 현지 한인사회에 매우 익숙하다고 평가한다. 이 교회는 예배 공간인 동시에 이민자가 동향인을 만나고 언어와 문화를 유지하는 집합 장소다. 규모가 커질수록 교회는 비공식 친교집단을 넘어 예산, 직분, 위원회, 지도력과 대표성을 둘러싼 조직으로 발전한다. 이는 한인교회를 단순히 신앙 공동체로만 보지 않고, 실제 제도적 권력과 자원을 가진 이민사회 기관으로 읽어야 함을 뜻한다. 해당 교회 묘사를 실제 특정 교회의 직접적 초상으로 단정할 증거는 없다.

3. 교회가 제공하는 사회적 자본과 돌봄

교회는 낯선 사회에 도착한 이민자가 상실한 인간관계의 일부를 다시 형성하게 해준다. 한인교회 경험을 지닌 평론가는 소설이 교회의 경제적·사회적 지원 기능을 생생하게 포착한다고 평하며 소그룹 모임과 기도원 방문의 기억을 떠올린다. 사회학적으로 이는 결속형 사회적 자본(bonding social capital)의 사례다. 같은 언어와 문화적 경험을 공유하는 사람들은 취업·주거·육아·교육정보, 정서적 위로와 돌봄을 교환할 수 있다. 그러나 밀접한 공동체는 소문과 평판, 내부 위계, 동조 압력도 강화한다. ‘서로 돕는 공동체’와 ‘서로를 감시하는 공동체’는 서로 배타적이지 않다. 작품의 종교적 배경을 해석할 때 이 양면성을 함께 보아야 한다.

4. 학원과 교회의 평행 구조

이 소설의 제목은 학원이지만, 교육기관과 종교기관은 이민자의 미래를 조직한다는 측면에서 비교할 수 있다. 학원은 점수, 진학, 계층 상승의 가능성을 제공하며 교회는 신앙, 소속감과 상호부조의 질서를 제공한다. 두 기관 모두 부모의 헌신을 모으고 사람과 정보를 연결한다. 동시에 ‘좋은 학생’과 ‘좋은 신자’, ‘책임 있는 부모’에 대한 높은 기대를 만들 수도 있다. 교육을 통한 성공의 약속이 마치 세속화된 구원 서사처럼 작동한다는 해석은 가능하지만, 이는 비평적 비유이지 소설에서 학원을 실제 종교로 묘사한다는 뜻은 아니다. 두 조직을 동일시하기보다 공통된 사회적 기능과 목적의 차이를 살펴야 한다.

5. 신앙, 미덕, 도덕적 선악 구도의 문제

고씨 가족의 정직함과 근면함을 강조하는 서술은 작품의 윤리적 중심을 만든다. 그러나 일부 서평은 등장인물이 너무 선량한 인물과 지나치게 부정적인 인물로 나뉘어 보인다고 비판한다. 이 문제는 종교 읽기에서도 중요하다. 믿음이 있는 사람을 이상적 시민으로, 그렇지 않은 인물을 타락한 존재로 단순히 분류한다면 문학적 복잡성이 약해진다. 신앙 공동체 안에서도 탐욕과 위선이 존재하고, 종교 밖에서도 성숙한 도덕적 판단이 가능하다. 작품을 평가할 때에는 실제로 인물이 어떤 상황에서 어떤 선택을 하는지와, 그 선택이 종교적 언어를 통해 어떻게 정당화되는지를 구별해야 한다.

6. 이민교회 연구를 위한 종합평가

《American Hagwon》을 종교사회학적으로 읽을 때 가장 중요한 관찰은 이민자의 신앙을 사적인 내면에만 가둘 수 없다는 사실이다. 교회는 가족생존, 사회적 이동, 계층관계와 문화적 재생산의 현장이다. 교회와 학원이 공유하는 인맥과 정보망은 이민사회에 실질적인 기회를 제공하지만, 공동체의 규범은 개인의 자율성과 충돌할 수도 있다. 따라서 작품을 통해 던질 질문은 “한인 이민자는 얼마나 종교적인가”를 넘어 “그들의 신앙은 경제적 불안정과 자녀교육의 압력 속에서 어떤 사회적 제도가 되는가”라는 것이다. 소설은 이 물음에 대한 사회학적 토론을 시작하게 하는 유용한 문학적 사례다.

참고한 공개 자료

Cleveland Review of Books, “A Too-Neat Drama: On Min Jin Lee’s American Hagwon” — https://clereviewofbooks.com/on-min-jin-lees-american-hagwon/

Bookreporter, “American Hagwon” (2026-09-30) — https://admin.bookreporter.com/reviews/american-hagwon

Boston Globe, “Min Jin Lee’s sweeping generational epic probes education, family, and society” (2026-09-22) — https://www.bostonglobe.com/2026/09/22/arts/min-jin-lee-american-hagon/

Helen Kim Rhee, “Education and the Korean Diaspora Experience” — https://helenkimrhee.substack.com/p/education-and-the-korean-diaspora

===

"<파친코>의 목사 백이삭이 보여준 자기희생적 신앙과 <미국식 학원>의 존 고가 보여준 용서와 환대의 윤리를 비교해 줘."

==

이민진의 두 작품, <파친코>의 백이삭(Isak Baek)과 <미국식 학원>의 존 고(John Koh)가 보여주는 윤리적 결단과 종교적 태도를 비교한 분석이다.

1. 구원과 수용의 대상: 태어나지 않은 생명과 원수의 혈육

두 인물 모두 타인의 상처와 죄과를 떠안으며 사회적 규범을 뛰어넘는 수용의 결단을 내린다.

  • 백이삭: 미혼모의 아이를 품은 거룩한 대속: <파친코>에서 평양 출신의 병약한 목사 백이삭은 한수와의 관계로 사생아(노아)를 임신한 선자를 만난다. 당대 가부장적 사회에서 사회적 매장과 죽음의 위기에 처한 미혼모 선자를 아내로 맞아들이고, 태어날 아이에게 자신의 이름을 부여한다. 이는 성서 속 요셉이 마리아의 잉태를 온전히 받아들였듯, 타인의 죄책과 부끄러움을 자신의 희생으로 덮어주는 고전적이고 신성한 대속(Ransom)의 모티프다.

  • 존 고: 일생을 파멸시킨 원수의 딸을 품은 세속적 환대: <미국식 학원>의 존 고는 훨씬 더 비극적이고 모순적인 관계 속에서 결단을 내린다. 신 이사는 존을 직장에서 억울한 성추행범으로 모함해 서울에서 쫓아냈고, 시드니 지사마저 폐쇄하며 해고로 몰아넣은 철천지원수다. 신 이사가 사기 행각 끝에 파멸하여 자살 직전 문 앞에 버리고 간 어린 딸 안나(Anna)를 존은 내치지 않고 거두어들인다. 백이삭이 순결한 연민으로 새로운 생명을 구원했다면, 존 고는 평생의 원수가 남긴 악연의 씨앗을 용서와 환대로 감싸 안는다.

2. 신앙의 성격: 초월적 영성과 체현된 세속적 윤리

두 인물이 체현하는 도덕성의 기반과 표현 방식은 명확한 차이를 보인다.

  • 백이삭의 순교자적 기독교 영성: 백이삭의 도덕적 원천은 철저히 기독교 교리와 초월적 하나님에 대한 믿음이다. 그는 일제강점기 오사카의 가혹한 억압 속에서도 국가신도(신사참배) 강요에 굴복하지 않고 오직 하나님만을 왕으로 인정하며 감옥에 갇혀 고문 끝에 순교한다. 그의 자기희생은 신앙의 절대성을 지키기 위해 육신의 목숨을 바치는 고결한 순교자적 신앙이다.

  • 존 고의 탈교회적·세속적 아가페: 존 고는 성직자도 아니며 열렬한 신앙적 교리를 설파하지도 않는다. 오히려 소설 속 교회가 사기와 탐욕의 무대로 오염되는 현실을 목도하며 제도 종교의 한계를 절감한 인물이다. 존이 안나를 거두어 돌보는 행위는 신학적 교리나 내세의 보상을 바란 결과가 아니다. 자본주의와 능력주의의 경쟁에서 철저히 패배하고 아내를 잃은 뒤, 벌거벗은 인간 대 인간으로서 마주한 고통에 응답하는 본능적이고 세속적인 아가페(Agape)다.

3. 결말의 공간: 참혹한 묘지와 소박한 부엌 식탁

두 인물이 도달한 서사의 종착지는 서로 다른 공간적 상징을 통해 두 작품의 주제의식을 완성한다.

  • 백이삭의 죽음과 유산의 무게: 백이삭은 옥중 고문으로 만신창이가 된 채 집으로 돌아와 선자의 품에서 숨을 거두며, 그의 신앙적 순결함은 아들 노아에게 지울 수 없는 도덕적 짐이자 정체성의 비극으로 작용한다. 그의 희생은 숭고하지만 비극의 그늘을 완전히 걷어내지 못한다.

  • 존 고의 식탁과 소박한 평화: <미국식 학원>의 결말은 영웅적 죽음이 아니라 소박한 생명의 지속이다. 캘리포니아의 낡은 부엌 식탁에서 노년의 존과 어린 안나가 나란히 앉아 조용히 책을 읽는 장면은, 학벌과 경쟁, 복수와 증오라는 모든 세속적 우상이 무너진 폐허 위에 비로소 피어난 안식이다. 화려한 교회 제단이 아닌 밥을 나누는 부엌 식탁에서 진정한 용서와 구원이 일상적인 모습으로 실현된다.

결국 백이삭이 식민지 시대의 폭력에 맞서 초월적 신앙과 자기희생으로 인간의 고결함을 증명했다면, 존 고는 고도 자본주의와 능력주의의 비정한 파도 속에서 복수 대신 환대를 선택함으로써 인간이 인간을 품는 가장 소박하고도 깊은 구원의 윤리를 증명한다.

===


===

A Russian Journal By John Steinbeck

amazon.com.au/hz/audible/pd/B08HR3KRM1?ie=UTF8&keywords=Steinbeck%2C+John+A+Russian+Journal&sprefix=steinbeck+john+a+russian+journal%2Caps%2C353&crid=102G2VBDTAK82&dib_tag=se&ASIN=B08HR3KRM1&dib=eyJ2IjoiMSJ9.P9GZZVz3eHigtTDi9qhszYCY1bmn2AHr4ljlIkGS06GEP62FjD2xWntCUhNI_zAiTYZHO5RYea4GWAqkOT2JxHtkPbtXGC9tgp8_RfMJwmWHaLa_VrBUKta-n3hMOpnjZhAaaJIOBiNJUeNjcQVVRmaIXDlDhlUH7VTAD_QKbC3aclK__rOjutu92_UgHmReUpUu3R6jedblF3KRFTPCHw.eMJPev9CCo6VpuvLAmWHJcW2aC3AnnGUcENvjVZi2Uk&qid=1792931579&sr=8-3










A Russian Journal  By  John Steinbeck
, Robert Capa
, Susan Shillinglaw - introduction
Narrated by
Richard Poe4.5


Brought to you by Penguin.

Just after the iron curtain fell on Eastern Europe John Steinbeck and acclaimed war photographer, Robert Capa ventured into the Soviet Union to report for the New York Herald Tribune. This rare opportunity took the famous travellers not only to Moscow and Stalingrad - now Volgograd - but through the countryside of the Ukraine and the Caucasus.

 A RUSSIAN JOURNAL is the distillation of their journey and remains a remarkable memoir and unique historical document. Steinbeck and Capa recorded the grim realities of factory workers, government clerks, and peasants, as they emerged from the rubble of World War II. This is an intimate glimpse of two artists at the height of their powers, answering their need to document human struggle.

© John Steinbeck 1948 (P) Penguin Audio 2020


Release date
26-11-2020
Language
English
Format
Unabridged Audiobook
Length
7 hrs and 1 min
Publisher

Penguin Classics


From Australia

Anastasia
5.0 out of 5 stars a treasure
Reviewed in Australia on 19 December 2018
Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
really great travel journal with some photos about the post WW2 USSR
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annette bagot
3.0 out of 5 stars Three Stars
Reviewed in Australia on 19 July 2015
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
I expwcted more.
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From other countries

Jared Gaston
5.0 out of 5 stars Readable and fun.
Reviewed in the United States on 19 July 2022
Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
Great journalism and clever characterization
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emed0s
5.0 out of 5 stars A good close-up on late 40s Russia
Reviewed in Spain on 24 April 2016
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
Some good things about this book:

- No amount of previous WWII books and documentaries had made me "see" the devastation the Nazis caused in the east as this book has. The scarred earth full of trenches and craters in the former front lines, the ubiquitous metal skeletons being recycled into Soviet tractors and cars, the long lines of Germans POWs moving rubble ... the marks on the belts showing the improving conditions and the harsh past years.

- The take on censorship and generally working under the Soviet institutions is eye opening, think bureaucracy not fighting you but itself and making everyone who dares come near its victim.

- The love for partying of both Steinbeck and Capa, plus the numerous quirks of the latter, will never let the smile disappear form the reader's face.

Bad things ... I cannot think of anything I didn't like.
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LULU071950
5.0 out of 5 stars Prémonitions
Reviewed in France on 6 September 2024
Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
Livre qui permet de mieux comprendre la situation actuelle en Ukraine et en Géorgie où Poutine se prend pour Staline...
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Justina
5.0 out of 5 stars Another classic from Steinbeck!
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 12 May 2014
Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
I love John Steinbeck and everything he wrote (maybe apart from the winter of our discontent) and this is one of my favourites. Extremely funny writing shows every country he visits from a human perspective - no judgement is passed regarding its political situation. This is a book about normal people travelling with no hidden agenda, very refreshing view, and obviously excellent writing. My personal favourite is the chapter written by Steinbecks travel companion, but the whole book is the most enjoyable read I had in a long time!
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Chandra Bhakuni
5.0 out of 5 stars Simply delightful
Reviewed in India on 12 June 2015
Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
I only have praise for this book as it kept me glued all the time, and whenever I took a break and tried to read my other ongoing books, I was somehow drawn back to the book, for why not, when Robert and John are travelling, won't the Tim of today want to accompany?

Beginning from an uncertain visit arrangement to undulating transport rides of then Soviet Union, to streets of the after-war Moscow, Kiev and Georgia, this memoir is simple Steinbeck wizardry and simplicity. Steinbeck's interpretation of religion, patriotism, art, literature, work, food, recreation and living in Russia is simply people centric here. The bits on strange facts of Russian life amused me at every level. Although the book expresses uncertainty with government's censorship the book is light and funny.

'A Russian Journal' is a delightful journal with Steinbeck's words made complete by Capa's pictures, or one can argue the other way round.
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Leonid Kunin
5.0 out of 5 stars A Russian Journal (Penguin Modern Classics)
Reviewed in Germany on 9 February 2020
Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
Sehr gut
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gnikkus
5.0 out of 5 stars Bellissima cronaca di un paese che non esiste più
Reviewed in Italy on 22 March 2019
Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
Si legge di un fiato, con le belle immagini scattate da Robert Capa. Per nostalgici di un mondo post guerra che non esiste e non tornerà mai più.
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Amazon Customer
5.0 out of 5 stars Five Stars
Reviewed in Canada on 17 February 2018
Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
OK
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alfa_brk
4.0 out of 5 stars Steinbeck is charming and funny, as is the one section written by Capa
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 10 September 2015
Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
A really straightforward and forthright account of the Soviet Union at a time when this kind of information was not available in America. Steinbeck is charming and funny, as is the one section written by Capa. This isn't traditional travel writing but remains a very enjoyable read. The only shame is that the paperback format doesn't really allow Capa's photographs to come to life. I'd love to see the collection of his photos from this trip in better circumstances (i.e. printed properly). Do not buy this paperback version if you're interested in Capa's photographs buy it for Steinbeck's excellent (if minimalist) writing.
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ANON
5.0 out of 5 stars A chez d’œuvre.
Reviewed in France on 2 July 2022
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
A heart warming acount of Steinbeck and Capa’s travels through Russia.
This book is ever so more valuable now when one considers the overwhelming Russophobia of our Western village.
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RH McElroy
5.0 out of 5 stars A nice account of Steinbeck's adventures behind the Iron Curtain
Reviewed in the United States on 7 May 2015
Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
I have been a John Steinbeck fan for many years and enjoy everything of his I've read. As much as I love his fiction, I love his nonfiction more. He can be cranky sometimes but more often than not, his humor shines through as it does here, especially when he writes of Robert Capa. Reading this reminds me of Travels with Charley and There Once was a War, in all he tells the story as if he were sitting across the table from you, like a friend, sharing a good cup of coffee or a beer and a fantastic yarn about a place he'd been.
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shilpam vaid
1.0 out of 5 stars misleading !
Reviewed in India on 25 March 2021
Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
very ordinary paper quality and photo's, this is a book meant to have excellent photo's, very misleading to not have mentioned this in the description itself
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emer jackson
5.0 out of 5 stars War and Peace
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 16 January 2026
Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
This book should be listened to or read by anyone with the smallest interest in a world without war. It is so strange to read of post WW2 Ukraine and other countries in the region, as well as Russia itself at a time when Russia is tearing Ukraine apart.
If this makes the book sound very serious, it's not! Steinbeck and Capa are on a mission of reportage. No politics, no statistics. They simply want to talk to ordinary people and report back to ordinary people in the USA at a time when the Cold War is imminent. So they visit, talk, eat (do they eat?), drink, party and photograph people in their own houses, in the fields, in farms, restaurants, trains, airports, anywhere and everywhere. Most places they visit, the two men share a room. The dynamics are hilarious. Their welcome almost everywhere is warm and very friendly. The partying made me want to be there. The beauty of some of the places made me desperate to see them.

However, the serious side exists and Steinbeck is adept at pinpointing it. The farm council of a small collective farm described how it had been before the Germans came, 'this farm had 700 horned cattle, and now there were only 200 animals of all kinds. They had had two large gasoline engines, two trucks, three tractors and two threshing machines. And now they had one small gasoline engine and one small threshing machine. They had had forty horses, and now they had four.'
That small village of 362 houses had lost over a hundred men and there were great numbers crippled and maimed. Some of the children were legless and some had lost eyes. But Steinbeck states categorically, 'They were not sad people. They were full of laughter, and jokes, and songs.'
There are so many moments in this book, when I had to pause and wonder how what is happening now in the world can possibly be happening. Not least, when the Steinbeck and Capa looked at a young couple, struggling with heavy beans to build a roof for their new house. Their host told them that the couple had three small children who have never had a house to live in. 'They must have peace, they want their house,' he said. 'There cannot be in the world anyone so wicked as to want to put them back in the holes under the ground. But that is where they have been living.'
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C. Bradley
4.0 out of 5 stars The Human Experience in Steinbeck Fashion
Reviewed in the United States on 20 February 2010
Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
I read A Russian Journal upon returning home from a two-month stint of teaching in Moscow and was excited to dive into another Steinbeck. Not surprisingly, Steinbeck offers a truthful and compassionate portrayal of the human experience through eyes which seem to dissolve cultural barriers. Respectfully intruding into the lives of normal people during post World War II Soviet Union, Steinbeck, accompanied by Robert Capa, documents the thoughts, work ethics, and questions of those who the rest of 1940s America failed to understand. Forging ahead behind the iron curtain, Steinbeck retells tales of normal, family-oriented, hard-working people found in the midst of his travels through the countryside who in many ways were no different than the Americans who feared and often disdained them.

Most remarkably to me, Steinbeck tells of a Moscow that is relatively unchanged today. Incredibly, this slice of Russian culture has remained the same in many ways though it has experienced such a turbulent century. I would recommend A Russian Journal to anyone planning on visiting Russia soon (because it is still relevant) and also to anyone who enjoys Steinbeck. It is simple, heartfelt, and relatively unbiased in its attempts to portray normal life in another culture. Its style is easily comparable to Travels With Charley, although I believe because Steinbeck understands his own American culture so much more richly, he is able to portray connections and summations about what he experiences much more definitively in Travels With Charley. Regardless, A Russian Journal is certainly an interesting and enjoyable read.
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Christopher Schemm
5.0 out of 5 stars a quiet visit to USSR
Reviewed in the United States on 9 January 2011
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This cold war visit explores a country feared and mysterious. The points of view of a novelist Steinbeck known for his stories about ordinary people and hard times in America plus the world renound photographer Capra makes for a seemingly true view
of the ordinary people that they met on their wanderings. They do not have any agenda , but develope admiration for those who fought the Nazis and endured so much suffering. Steinbeck and Capra are not blind to the faults of the ruling party there. A wonderful human story from two sides.
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Alexandra Sevko
5.0 out of 5 stars the book is a good and interesting reflection of everyday life by the eyes ...
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 25 September 2017
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
Although the author confuses constantly Soviet ppl in general calling them all Russians (he himself makes remarks that Georgian and Ukrainian ppl are not really Russian and speak their own languages), the book is a good and interesting reflection of everyday life by the eyes of a foreigner in USSR after the WWII. Also the author gave a flavour of different cultures/habits in different republics of USSR. Being born and grown up in USSR, I found this reading really interesting. No politics involved, which makes this piece unique.
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Amazon Customer
5.0 out of 5 stars A beautiful book of humanity
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 27 February 2024
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
I am not worthy of writing about John Steinbeck or his genius. His understated style and simple plan for a travel book is so clever in the way he achieves his aim of finding his truth about his contemporary Russia has changed my view and understanding of quality writing. John Steinbeck cares to understand people, he structures his writing in a way that the reader can progress without effort in the way that great writers can, helping the reader to understand the people he writes about quickly and efficiently so as to achieve momentum. I dare say that this is an important historical book - how wonderful that John Steinbeck wrote it and that I am privileged to read it.
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Julie D
5.0 out of 5 stars fascinating story of Russia after the second world war
Reviewed in the United States on 9 May 2017
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Fascinating story of the strength and faith of the Russian people after the second world war. And of course Steinbeck's writing is always so good.Interesting to see how our enemies of the cold war were just as afraid of us as we were of them.But the hopefulness of a people who lost so much was very inspiring.
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Kevin McLachlan
4.0 out of 5 stars Interesting journal though pic quality poor
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 21 March 2021
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I bought this for the photos - the book is smaller than anticipated and the reproduction is poor. However, once I got reading it, I was less concerned with the photos and more concerned with the writing. Definitely worth a read - I would pay more for a book with better reproduced photos.
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Mariela Sagel
4.0 out of 5 stars Getting to know the Russian sould
Reviewed in the United States on 15 June 2016
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
I was surprised to know that John Steinbeck wrote this notes about his visit to Russia just after the war, with all the restrictions that American could have had. I enjoyed every chronicle and specially, the details about Robert Capa, the photographer that traveled with him. It is remarkable how well he describe the Russian people, its generosity in terms of making you feel well with food and liquor. It is highly recommended for those who, like me, still have many things to learn about the "Russian soul"
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Stanley G.
5.0 out of 5 stars Five Stars
Reviewed in the United States on 10 June 2017
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Steinbeck avoids his personal biases and writes a beautiful novel about post-World War II Soviet Union. Wonderful read.
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Mr William Moore
3.0 out of 5 stars A journal in every sense of the word
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 5 March 2013
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Definitely a reportage and not as interesting as 'Travels with Charlie' also by Steinbeck which is what I thought it would be like. Steinbeck's observations are still as vivid as you come to expect from him.
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Metal Head
5.0 out of 5 stars This is one of the best books I have ever read
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 24 December 2014
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
This is a great buddy story which will make you gap and laugh. It's well written but I wish the photographs in this digital version were higher res. Strongly recommended to a readership who wants to read something different.
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Fae Roberts
4.0 out of 5 stars The condition of this book was great. I bought a used copy but it was like new.
Reviewed in the United States on 1 June 2022
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I have wanted to read this for years, and with the war in Ukraine, now was the time. Amazon's prices were really good, so I finally read it, and was completely satisfied.
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MartinB
4.0 out of 5 stars Steibeck eschewed the high-up officials and did his best to encounter real people
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 6 June 2015
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Remarkably objective account of a visit to the Soviet Union just as the Cold War was breaking. Steibeck eschewed the high-up officials and did his best to encounter real people.
Robert Capa's fine photos are spoilt by very poor reproductions printed on cheap paper. Pity.
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tina yorston
5.0 out of 5 stars I'm happy to the extreme with all that John Steinbeck wrote
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 18 March 2017
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I'm happy to the extreme with all that John Steinbeck wrote.....it's a very good account of what was experienced and found to be 'real' in that country at that time....it's like listening to his voice....a good read....
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Mash
2.0 out of 5 stars Did not live up to expectations
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 29 March 2016
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
I tried hard to enjoy this book. The idea appealed to me: a favourite author teaming up with a crack photographer to document life in the most interesting country in the World. What's not to like? Well, plenty. For one thing, the photos in the Kindle edition are abysmal. More fundamentally though, say-what-you-see journalism only works if you understand what you are seeing, and my impression was that Steinbeck did not. And why would he? He spoke no Russian, was constantly chaperoned during his trip, and wrote at a time when researching Russia would land you on an FBI watchlist. Sadly then, this is a book mainly about vodka, pretty girls, tractor factories, ferocious old ladies, cold weather, dysfunctional bureaucracy and other tired Soviet tropes. Frustrating.
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Bob Thompson
4.0 out of 5 stars Four Stars
Reviewed in the United Kingdom on 18 September 2016
Format: PaperbackVerified Purchase
As ever, Steinbeck produces the goods in the most direct and uncompromising form of journalistic truth.
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A Russian Journal - Wikipedia

A Russian Journal - Wikipedia

A Russian Journal

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A Russian Journal
First edition
AuthorJohn Steinbeck
LanguageEnglish
Genretravel, non-fiction
PublisherViking Press
Publication date1948
Publication placeUnited States
Media typePrint
Pages205

A Russian Journal, published by John Steinbeck in April 1948,[1] is an eyewitness account of his travels through the Soviet Union during the early years of the Cold War era. Accompanied by the distinguished war photographer Robert Capa, Steinbeck set out with the intent to record the real attitudes and modes of existence of people living under Soviet rule. As Steinbeck explained it, the book's goal was "honest reporting, to set down what we saw and heard without editorial comment, without drawing conclusions about things we didn't know sufficiently."

This literary and photographic record of life under Joseph Stalin's rule is a historical document.[2] Steinbeck and Capa portray Soviet people as living in extremely different conditions from those in the reports among the West of the day: life in the cities and the country appears peaceful and very similar to that of other peoples in Europe at the time. Without diminishing the authoritarian nature of the Soviet Union, Steinbeck claimed that the main fear held by average Russians was not of Stalin but another World War.

During their short trip to the Soviet Union, Steinbeck and Capa visited Moscow,[3] Kyiv, Stalingrad[3] and Soviet Georgia.

During his visit to Kyiv, Steinbeck was shocked by the war's devastation in Ukraine, and to convey it to Americans, wrote:[4]

If the United States were completely destroyed from New York to Kansas, we would have about the area of destruction the Ukraine has. If six million people were killed, not counting soldiers, fifteen per cent of the population, you would have an idea of the casualties of the Ukraine. Counting soldiers, there would be many more, but six million out of forty-five million civilians have been killed. There are mines which never opened because the Germans threw thousands of bodies down into the shafts.

References

  1. Steinbeck, John (2001). A Russian Journal. Penguin. p. 18. ISBN 9780141186337.
  2. Steinbeck, J (1948). A Russian Journal. The Viking Press. New York.
  3. "When John Steinbeck went to Stalingrad". 2013-12-07.
  4. Steinbeck, John (1948). A Russian Journal. The Viking Press. New York. p. 60.