Wednesday, May 13, 2026

Australia: A History: by Tony Abbott

Australia: A History: by the former Prime Minister Tony Abbott with a foreword by Geoffrey Blainey: From convict colony to great democracy Abbott, Tony 

Contents

Note to Readers
Dedication
Foreword by Geoffrey Blainey
Author's Note

Introduction
1 An Enlightened Beginning
2 Rebellion and Restoration
3 'Not all the armies of England'
4 Towards Self-government
5 Gold!
6 Colonial Liberalism
7 Empire and Federation
8 A Bold Experiment
9 The Great War
10 A Funereal Decade
11 The Economic Crisis
12 Australia Threatened
13 The Liberal Revival
14 The Age of Menzies
15 Talkers and Doers
16 Opening the Doors
17 Consolidation
18 Drifting Backwards

Acknowledgments
Bibliography
Notes
Index
Photo Section
Praise for Australia: A History
Copyright




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Australia: A History: by the former Prime Minister Tony Abbott with a foreword by Geoffrey Blainey: From convict colony to great democracy Kindle Edition
by Tony Abbott (Author) Format: Kindle Edition


4.5 4.5 out of 5 stars (317)


How an ancient land became a great democracy. Longlisted for Best Non Fiction in the Indie Book Awards 2026 'Tony Abbott should be congratulated ... This history of Australia is vivid, readable, provocative' Geoffrey Blainey, historian 

'I think it's very good' Tom Holland, historian Australia is one of the world's great success stories: a land long hidden from outsiders, chosen as a convict dumping ground, where - since 1788 - people from many backgrounds have built one of the freest, fairest and most prosperous countries on earth. By the standards of a harsher time, the early governors tried to respect the original inhabitants and to encourage the convict outcasts of the British Isles to make a new start to a better life. This Indigenous heritage, British foundation and immigrant character have shaped the land of the 'fair go' especially for those willing to 'have a go'. It's not perfect, even now, yet mostly we have a history to be proud of. Within a century of settlement, Australia had not only the world's highest standard of living but had become a global pioneer for democratic freedoms such as the secret ballot, the payment of MPs and voting rights for women. A country largely created by settlement and negotiation has evolved from 'White Australia' at the time of federation into one of the world's most colour-blind societies and has managed the transition from an old 'Anglo' identity to a civic patriotism based on an overriding commitment to Australia and its values. This book is intended to give anyone interested - as every Australian should be - an account of our past that's positive, while not oblivious to our mistakes and imperfections as a nation. If to be an Australian is still to have won the lottery of life, the history that's produced us is surely something to savour. Now a major TV documentary available to stream at Sky News Australia. PRAISE 'Tony Abbott's book is inspired by love of country, yet he comes to grip with our flaws. This is a fresh, powerful, highly readable single-volume history of Australia that deserves a wide audience' Paul Kelly, editor-at-large, The Australian 

'Scholarly researched, scrupulously fair-minded and very engagingly written, this is big narrative history at its best. It explains why Australia is such a wonderfully unique place, and why history is all the better when written by those who themselves helped make it' - Andrew Roberts, author, Churchill: Walking with Destiny

 'Not quite the "white armband" version of history I was expecting in the first half, nor a "Liberal Party highlights package" in the second half. I enjoyed reading it' - Peter FitzSimons, author, Kokoda 

This is an immensely readable account of how - as I frequently call it - the "Australian Achievement" has been built' - Hon John Howard OM AC, former prime minister of Australia 

'Tony Abbott's latest book is a powerful antidote to the poison of little and bad history ... we have much to be thankful for and to build on' Hon John Anderson AC, former deputy prime minister of Australia and leader of the National Party 

'The former prime minister has done a good job with Australia: A History' Frank Bongiorno, historian 'if you have a serious interest in Australian history, the book will go on your shelves' Hon Kim Beazley AC, former deputy prime minister of Australia 

'Tony Abbott has written with reverence and richness, bringing our nation's past, although both painful and proud, to life with striking clarity' Nova Peris OAM OLY, first Aboriginal-Australian Olympic gold medallist and former Labor senator

 'This book is a compelling reminder of our inheritance, which gives us a reason to be proud of who we are and the country we've become' - Jacinta Nampijinpa Price, federal senator for Northern Territory

 'Tony Abbott brings history to life in a way that is both enlightening and deeply engaging' Brett Lee, former Australian international cricketer 'This book helps us rediscover our past with honesty and respect, so we can...
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Genre

Australia, New Zealand & Oceania literature
Print length

448 pages







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About the Author


Tony Abbott served as Australia's 28th prime minister and was the member for Warringah in the Australian parliament between 1994 and 2019. As the local MP, he was instrumental in the creation of the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust to preserve the natural and built heritage of his electorate and elsewhere.

He is a Rhodes Scholar and the author of three other books: The Minimal Monarchy, How to Win the Constitutional War and Battlelines. From 1998 to 2018, he convened the Pollie Pedal annual charity bike ride, which has supported organisations including Soldier On, Carers Australia and Wandering Warriors. He surfs near Queenscliff and volunteers with the Davidson Rural Fire Brigade.

He is married to Margaret, and they have three daughters: Louise, Frances and Bridget.

Product details
ASIN ‏ : ‎ B0F393W9TH
Publisher ‏ : ‎ HarperCollins
Accessibility ‏ : ‎ Learn more
Publication date ‏ : ‎ 13 October 2025
Language ‏ : ‎ English
File size ‏ : ‎ 33.1 MB
Screen Reader ‏ : ‎ Supported
Enhanced typesetting ‏ : ‎ Enabled
X-Ray ‏ : ‎ Enabled
Word Wise ‏ : ‎ Enabled
Print length ‏ : ‎ 448 pages
ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-1460718995
Page Flip ‏ : ‎ Enabled
Genre ‏ : ‎ Australia, New Zealand & Oceania literature
Best Sellers Rank: 1,849 in Kindle Store (See Top 100 in Kindle Store)1 in Australian & Oceanian Politics
1 in History of Australia
==


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From Australia

Skitragic
5.0 out of 5 stars Australia - A country with enormous potential.
Reviewed in Australia on 14 April 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
I have just finished reading this extensive history of Australia. I had already read 'The Fatal Shore' by Robert Hughes which covered convict transportation to Australia 1787-1868. This book also covered a lot on the interation that occurred between white settlers and aboriginals.

I believe I was better equipped to appreciate Tony Abbott's book because I had read The Fatal Shore and beause it is focused on a period before that covered by 'Australia - A History'.

Australia - A History is written in time sequence and based around the political development of the country and key individuals who laid the foundations for the country that Australia is today. Those people were amazing and they were highly patriotic.

As at today, April 2026, Australia is facing difficult times because, as a forth generation Australian, I can say we have lost our way. Perhaps this is necessary for us to come to realise who we really are and what we want? It's been bought about by the election in 2022, of a hard left socialist union controlled federal government that is restricting progress through implementation of highly damaging climate change policies and a gradual reduction in business support, byway of excessive regulation, which is crippling development investment in the country.

Tony Abbott has been completely honest in his appraisal of Australia. This book could not have been written by any politician on the left of Australian politics, because they struggle with telling the truth.

I recommend it highly to those interested in the devolpment of Australia.
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Craig Lynch
4.0 out of 5 stars Worth a read by anyone who is lucky to live in Australia
Reviewed in Australia on 1 January 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
An entirely readable account of Australian history. In one volume. I think Tony Abbott has brought to life the foundations on which we, not only see ourselves, but see our place in the world. It is a open view. To my mind unbiased, honest and at times a little uncomfortable. It is true that one would not put it in the same class as Manning Clark's multi-volume work. His is an academic work for those seeking other things. But if you want a one volume grab of Australian History that is concise and accessible I think you could go no further. Like me, it will reaffirm what you know and expose what you thought you knew.
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David Maywald
5.0 out of 5 stars Stands as an ambitious and thoughtful contribution to the nation’s historical literature...
Reviewed in Australia on 23 March 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Book review of Australia: A History by Tony Abbott

Australia: A History is clearly a labour of love. Written by former Prime Minister Tony Abbott, this ambitious work reflects decades of reading, reflection, and conviction about the story of our nation. It's a passion project on a monumental scale; one driven by deeply held beliefs about Australia, its institutions, and the character of its people...

The book has attracted praise from across the political and social spectrum, with many commentators recognising the sheer scope of the undertaking. Whether readers agree with every interpretation or not, few can deny the seriousness of the effort and the author’s commitment to telling Australia’s story.

Abbott’s account consciously differs from much of the academic orthodoxy that has dominated historical writing in recent decades. Rather than viewing Australia primarily through a lens of grievance or decline, he seeks to balance honesty about past failures with recognition of national achievements: building democratic institutions, expanding opportunity, and forging a distinctive civic culture...

In doing so, Australia: A History contributes something valuable to the national conversation. It invites Australians to grapple with the past in a way that's candid yet constructive, capable of uniting rather than dividing. By reconnecting readers with the long arc of the Australian story, the book encourages a sense of continuity, gratitude, and confidence as we move forward together.

The sweep of Australia: A History traces the long arc of the nation’s development: from Indigenous Australia and early European exploration, through the challenges of settlement and federation, to the building of democratic institutions, national character, and Australia’s place in the modern world. Tony Abbott presents the story as one of struggle, achievement, and evolving identity, highlighting the people, ideas, and institutions that shaped the country we know today.

This book will benefit readers who want an accessible, narrative-driven account of Australian history outside the confines of academic debate. Students, civic leaders, teachers, and ordinary Australians with an interest in their country’s past will find it particularly rewarding, especially those seeking a broad national story that connects political, cultural, and social developments.

Overall, Australia: A History stands as an ambitious and thoughtful contribution to the nation’s historical literature. It reflects a clear viewpoint, but it is also generous in spirit; aiming to encourage reflection, appreciation, and confidence in Australia’s journey. As a work of synthesis and conviction, it adds meaningfully to how Australians understand their past and imagine their shared future...
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Robert McIntyre
5.0 out of 5 stars Well worth the read
Reviewed in Australia on 23 April 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
An excellent commentary of Australian History since the arrival of the First Fleet.
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Darryl Greer
5.0 out of 5 stars A BALANCED VIEW OF AUSTRALIAN HISTORY
Reviewed in Australia on 12 January 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Australia: A History is a concise, one-volume, hard-covered book which charts the history of Australia, from 50,000 years ago when it was discovered by our Indigenous people, to the time of the First Fleet and on to more recent times. Its author, Tony Abbott is a former prime minister of Australia as well as a former journalist so you would expect the writing to be sharp, the narrative informative, which it is. There is a foreword by historian Geoffrey Blainey in which he describes the book as vivid, readable and provocative. More importantly, the book provides a balanced view of Australian history, not the one-sided, skewered view we often hear from our academics and teachers. Despite his conservative background, there are positive reviews from all sides of Australian politics. This book should be compulsory reading for all students of Australian history and recommended reading for those who want to cut through the misinformation so common in today’s academia and media.
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bert schmidt
4.0 out of 5 stars Mandatory reading
Reviewed in Australia on 4 May 2026
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
Well written and balanced commentary, great starting point for discussion on Australia, and without a lot of perceived bias. Great addition to our historic record
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Caramel
3.0 out of 5 stars Great read but not all of the chapters were printed
Reviewed in Australia on 7 January 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Unfortunately the book has been misprinted.
It was perfect up to page 246 then there is series of pictures then pages 199 to 246 was repeated and pages 247 to 294 missing. So just over 3 chapters are missing. Very disappointing.
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Heather Ogilvie
5.0 out of 5 stars A well written, balanced account of our nation.
Reviewed in Australia on 1 April 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
A balanced and well written story of Australia. Not a black arm band history but one which acknowledges its extraordinary achievements from penal colony to a thriving, cohesive nation. It does not whitewash incidents of cruelty to our indigenous people but makes it clear that these were not systemic. The style is very engaging and I would recommend every school student and parent to read it. As Australians, we should be very proud of our story and what our nation has achieved in its short history.
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Joy
5.0 out of 5 stars Great History
Reviewed in Australia on 13 April 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Fantastic book goes through the history of Australia and changes in policies, leaders, public views and insights into some of Australia’s leaders. If you like politics or want to know more about the history of Australia have a read
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Amazon Customer
5.0 out of 5 stars Undeniably impressive
Reviewed in Australia on 17 November 2025
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
Abbott is very broad and generous in his use of the historical literature he must draw on in this project, citing widely and fairly from scholars of many different perspectives and backgrounds, whether in the ideological current in which he was perceived to be swimming during his political days or from very different streams. The moderation, liberality, and modernity which Abbott seeks to reveal in the Australian story should also make us aware of how misleading the old hostile caricatures of him as the "mad monk" or whatever of the Australian political scene. To spell that out: absolutely no Jesuit ideologue would use the words "modern" and "liberal" as the words of praise they are for Abbott. He did join the Liberal Party and his book presents Australia as firmly within an evolving liberal tradition, one which Abbott thinks worth the effort of recounting, preserving, and upholding into the future. What was particularly fascinating for me is that by the time his own political career arrives in the text, he has provided the deepest possible context for understanding his actions and achievements (which were quite significant given the short span of his premiership: Sydney waited how many decades for that second airport decision? ... Labour maintains his border policy at the time of writing... etc) - so this book is also a political autobiography, but a very humble and deeply situated one.
6 people found this helpful
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Roger Mendelson
5.0 out of 5 stars A MUST READ
Reviewed in Australia on 24 February 2026
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
I am well versed in Australian history but I have learnt so much from this book.
It is not right- wing propaganda but a real insight into how we have become what we are.
Easy to read but one needs to read it slowly, to take it in and think about it.
Abbot really ‘ gets ‘ Australia, so the book is very positive.
Roger Mendelson. Melbourne.
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Mark Khangure
5.0 out of 5 stars Australia Defined, wartts and all.
Reviewed in Australia on 13 March 2026
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
A must read for anyone who wants to know how we have arrived where we are. An excellent read, easy to digest and very informative.
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Bernard O'Brien
5.0 out of 5 stars Simply a great book about our early history by a great Australian. Buy it.
Reviewed in Australia on 29 October 2025
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Thank you Tony Abbott for your marvellous book on Australia's History. I am addicted to our country's early history and your book will be a fine addition to my large collection. I was pleased to see in very early pages (chapter 2) mention of a distant relative of mine; Robert Lock who married Maria, the daughter of Yarramundi. In fact Maria's marriage to Robert was the first officially sanctioned marriage in the colony between an Aboriginal and a non-aboriginal. Robert was transported here with his father Jonathan for the crime of 'pig stealing', arriving here in 1821 aboard the vessel Granada. Robert was one of 12 children of Jonathan and his wife Sarah who was left to fend for herself and her children when her husband and one of her sons was transported to Australia. Another of Jonathan and Sarah's children was John who was also transported to Australia for horse theft arriving in 1826. Jonathan and John are direct ancestors of mine. In fact, I have 7 transported convicts in my direct ancestry and proud of it. Thank you again for the great book Mr Abbott.
6 people found this helpful
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NC
5.0 out of 5 stars A balanced history
Reviewed in Australia on 26 February 2026
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
This is a great read, with a balanced view of Australia’s political history. Sure, not everything was perfect, but compared to almost anywhere else Australia has been much better off than anywhere else. It leaves me optimistic about the future.
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Frank
5.0 out of 5 stars A positive look at our history
Reviewed in Australia on 19 February 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Well written. Well referenced. Very down to earth writing style. Great to see a positive review of Australian history but still " warts and all" coverage of the most important events.
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Joanna Lindsay
5.0 out of 5 stars Nice
Reviewed in Australia on 28 February 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Nice book not very big.
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Andy
4.0 out of 5 stars A balanced History of Australia
Reviewed in Australia on 27 November 2025
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
A decent read although the political coverage was a bit of a drag. Balanced view of Australian History from the time the west reached these shores. Does a good job of covering the Indigenous people and their existence after the British settlement.
4 people found this helpful
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CP
4.0 out of 5 stars Australia: A history: by the former Prime Minister Tony Abbott
Reviewed in Australia on 22 November 2025
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Arrived on time and as described, although I was a bit disappointed as the cover got damaged during transportation. Book moved around in the box with no padding to hold it in place.
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RLS
5.0 out of 5 stars Well researched, honest, a must read
Reviewed in Australia on 2 February 2026
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
Excellent. A must read for all true Australians. Hopefully will help correct the untruths about our past. I loved the comment that immigrants must not see us as Hotel Australia.
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Bruce Hall
3.0 out of 5 stars Good but defective
Reviewed in Australia on 31 December 2025
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Dear Sir/Madam
I bought a copy of Tony Abbott’s book Australia A History in 23 October 2025. And I like the book and have recommended it to others.
However pp 199-246 are repeated and pp 247-294 are missing.
I would appreciate another copy with the correctly printed pages.
Sincerely
Bruce Hall
3 people found this helpful
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Ryan
5.0 out of 5 stars Great read
Reviewed in Australia on 29 January 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
So good. Nice to get an honest reflection of the past, warts and all.
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Ian Norris
5.0 out of 5 stars Prime Minister's Outlook.
Reviewed in Australia on 7 February 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Great read, from a severely misjudged former PM.
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Dennis O'Brien
5.0 out of 5 stars Should be mandatory study material in all Australian schools - its that good !
Reviewed in Australia on 28 November 2025
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
This book should be mandatory study for every Australian student doing secondary school.
The author had so much to cram in that at times, it was simply fact after fact with no trivial stories that I read in the historian Professor Blamey's much more extensive account on the same subject.

But it's all true with no apparent bias.

Worthwhile valuable reading and knowledge.
4 people found this helpful
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Ron
5.0 out of 5 stars Compulsory Australian reading
Reviewed in Australia on 30 January 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
This is a great Australian book every Australian should read.
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csb
5.0 out of 5 stars Read it regardless of who you vote for
Reviewed in Australia on 28 December 2025
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
Excellent, well researched overview of Australia’s history (as expected from a Rhodes scholar). Refreshing reminder of what a great nation we’ve become, how grateful we should be, and how our future can still be bright
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Callapeerney
4.0 out of 5 stars Good read
Reviewed in Australia on 5 November 2025
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Interesting slant on Australian history.
2 people found this helpful
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Dianne Baker
5.0 out of 5 stars A wonderful journey through time since our settlement.
Reviewed in Australia on 23 January 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Brilliant, every Australian’s must read.
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Robert Kellett
5.0 out of 5 stars Australia … A History lesson
Reviewed in Australia on 21 December 2025
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
I really enjoyed this read …. Refreshing my memory of Australian history …. Recommend it to all Australian to read …
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Glenda Russell
5.0 out of 5 stars Australian History Tony Abbott
Reviewed in Australia on 22 January 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Great reading
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Peter Scope
5.0 out of 5 stars Very well written and answers a lot of misinformation about our history.
Reviewed in Australia on 29 November 2025
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
What a great read. I was very impressed with Tony Abbot's research and its apolitical nature. I hope it answers a lot of misinformation about Australia's history. This should be part of the education system.
7 people found this helpful
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Bron R.
5.0 out of 5 stars A good read
Reviewed in Australia on 7 January 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
My husband said it was excellent.
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Jim Clarence
5.0 out of 5 stars Good book
Reviewed in Australia on 16 January 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Good
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Bonza
5.0 out of 5 stars Factual reasoning!
Reviewed in Australia on 12 January 2026
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
As advertised. Good concise read.
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Amazon Customer
5.0 out of 5 stars Great book
Reviewed in Australia on 18 December 2025
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Well-written book with a good look at all sides of our history, good and bad.
3 people found this helpful
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Anthony
5.0 out of 5 stars Great book
Reviewed in Australia on 29 December 2025
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Great book
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Narelle Auld
5.0 out of 5 stars Recommend.
Reviewed in Australia on 18 November 2025
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Beautifully presented book by someone with the historical knowledge, love and appreciation of the democracy of Australia. Recommend.
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Andrew Dronia
5.0 out of 5 stars Well written History of Australia
Reviewed in Australia on 9 December 2025
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Well written book for all members of society
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M
5.0 out of 5 stars Australian History
Reviewed in Australia on 9 November 2025
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Husband is currently reading it. Excellent writing by a Rhodes Scholar.
2 people found this helpful
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colin b.
5.0 out of 5 stars The truth told as it happened.
Reviewed in Australia on 5 November 2025
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
A must read
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John C
5.0 out of 5 stars Put in all Schools
Reviewed in Australia on 19 October 2025
Format: HardcoverVerified Purchase
Brillant book should be in all Australian schools.
7 people found this helpful
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JaseHun
4.0 out of 5 stars A Powerful History — Until the Present Crept In
Reviewed in Australia on 22 January 2026
Format: Kindle
I liked it, frustrated that I wasn't taught a lot of this is school - and that kids now days are being taught mis-information about our history. It's a pity he didn't stop the book at his election - as that changed the whole vibe of the book, and detracted from the whole book up to that point. Went from a good history book to commentary on current events.
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JPak
5.0 out of 5 stars A great history of a great country
Reviewed in Australia on 17 October 2025
Format: Hardcover
Thoughtful, thorough and fair, and a great read. Don’t let prejudice against the author put you off.
17 people found this helpful
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SLM2
5.0 out of 5 stars Very good read about Australia as a nation.
Reviewed in Australia on 14 October 2025
Format: Hardcover
Very good read about our mistakes and imperfections as a nation
22 people found this helpful
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Elliott Macleod
5.0 out of 5 stars Should be mandatory reading in all schools
Reviewed in Australia on 22 October 2025
Format: Hardcover
Such a vivid and enlightening account of Australia’s history and key figures. I felt embarrassed after reading, on how little detail I actually knew of the shaping of Australia. The standout attribute of this book however is its honesty and impartiality. Importantly plenty of the ugly stories of our history are shared in detail, but equally the great people and stories of our past are not forgotten, and a comprehensive picture is painted of how we became the unique nation we are today. Also includes plenty of lessons that perhaps we need to remember once more.
10 people found this helpful
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James Harrison
5.0 out of 5 stars Outstanding.
Reviewed in Australia on 1 February 2026
Format: Hardcover
An honest, balanced and the enjoyable read of our wonderful country, that we should appreciate much more than we do.
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Sharon
1.0 out of 5 stars Don’t waste your money.
Reviewed in Australia on 10 November 2025
Format: Hardcover
This book should be titled, ‘Australian History Whitewashed’
It is utter drivel written by a man who is a legend in his own mind living in another era in his head.
I’ll sum it up: Aborigines were not here. White Australia policy was good. Liberal good. Labor bad. There’s really not that much poverty. Catholic ideas of family are best. I’m your role model.
Complete and utter drivel.
18 people found this helpful
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Michael Johnson
5.0 out of 5 stars Balanced and Fair
Reviewed in Australia on 21 October 2025
Format: Hardcover
A very balanced book about the complex history of Australia and one of the best histories of our country I have read. I will be purchasing Christmas gift copies for both my adult sons
7 people found this helpful
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Avid reader
5.0 out of 5 stars A history book that moves at pace.
Reviewed in Australia on 23 October 2025
Format: Hardcover
A well written and easy to read book by a notable Australian leader. Abbotts book moves at pace and doesn’t get bogged down. It deserves to be read in schools because it is a serious attempt at a comprehensive Australian story. It is to his credit that he is using his time after office to give back to our country.
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Deivido
2.0 out of 5 stars Tony Abbott’s Australia: Now With 60% Less Context!!
Reviewed in Australia on 28 December 2025
Format: Kindle
This book is what happens when a former prime minister decides the nation’s past needs “tidying up” and approaches it like a shed full of dangerous ideas. Anything sharp, messy or inconvenient gets quietly put in a box labelled too political.

Abbott’s Australia is a place where the British arrive with excellent manners, history proceeds in a straight line, and nothing truly bad ever happens unless someone starts protesting. Colonialism is treated like a slightly awkward housewarming party that got out of hand, while Indigenous Australians appear briefly to observe the excellence of institutions they were never invited to design.

Every page radiates the calm confidence of a man who believes history peaked somewhere between the Magna Carta and his own childhood. Change is acceptable, but only when it arrives slowly, asks permission, and promises not to make anyone uncomfortable. Anyone who rocked the boat is portrayed as either naïve, ungrateful, or secretly left wing, which in this universe is the same thing.

The writing is firm, sincere and completely humourless, which somehow makes it funnier. Abbott doesn’t argue with historians, he simply proceeds as if they are standing slightly behind him, nodding. Structural inequality, frontier violence, labour movements and feminism make cameo appearances, like guests at a party who clearly weren’t meant to stay long.

By the end, you realise you haven’t read a history so much as sat through a very long values lecture delivered by a man who still thinks the national anthem should double as a dress code. Australia, according to this book, works best when everyone is quiet, grateful, stoic, and preferably wearing a tie.

In summary, it’s not a history of Australia. It’s a bedtime story for conservatives, designed to help them sleep peacefully through the parts of the past that might otherwise keep them awake.
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Mark Penrose
5.0 out of 5 stars Thank you Mr Abbott
Reviewed in Australia on 15 November 2025
Format: Hardcover
A much needed middle finger to all the flag burners and Australia bashers, as Abbott details the white history that forged the greatest nation on Earth. If only the haters would read this book then they might realise that despite our past mistakes we should be proud as a nation of what we’ve become. Peace and love to anyone reading this.
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Amazon Customer
2.0 out of 5 stars denial of actual history for the Queen, or something
Reviewed in Australia on 14 October 2025
Format: Hardcover
Don't waste your time, more inane whitewashing from mr denial of everything, yawnfest. (Won't let me give -stars?)
24 people found this helpful
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KHAOS
5.0 out of 5 stars AMAZING READ ABOUT THE BEST COUNTRY
Reviewed in Australia on 15 October 2025
Format: Hardcover
A superb read which details Australia's amazing history. Really enjoyed this one.
5 people found this helpful
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Allison
1.0 out of 5 stars Raw onion eater
Reviewed in Australia on 23 October 2025
Format: Hardcover
The best part was when Tony ate a raw onion, skin and all- TWICE! I'm sure his book is good, Julia Gillard would have made a wonderful editor.
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Anna H
3.0 out of 5 stars A structured retelling of Australian history that leaves little room for complexity
Reviewed in Australia on 19 November 2025
Format: Hardcover
Australia: A History: How an Ancient Land Became a Great Democracy (2025) is Tony Abbott’s competent, albeit superficial, history of Australia.

Abbott begins his history 50,000 years ago, “when the first discoverers and pioneers… walked and paddled from the ancient Asian landmass”. He ends in the middle of 2025, when he sees that Australia “remains relatively prosperous and untroubled.”

The book is a race through all the expected beats of Australian history: Aboriginal prehistory, discovery by Europeans, discovery by the British, settlement, the Rum Rebellion, Macquarie, the gold rush, federation, World War I, the Depression, World War II, Menzies, and the Dismissal. Unusually, it also covers over a thousand years of British history in the Introduction. That’s a lot of material to cover in a limited space, and the depth of Abbott’s analysis suffers for it.

Abbott’s self-proclaimed reason for writing the book is to fill a void. “This is the book that should never have been needed,” Abbott states in his Author’s Note, implying that no other book like it exists. 448 pages later, it’s unclear what need he feels he has met. Certainly, there are many other short histories of Australia—Clark, Blainey, McIntyre, Keneally, to name a few. These writers span a wide range of perspectives, and they contain within them the added benefit of historical depth. Moreover, Abbott himself has completed little archival research and hasn’t added anything new to our store of knowledge. Instead, he has composited his history from other people’s histories.

Which leads to the question: If this book isn’t a new history of Australia, then what is it?

Abbott’s book is a long-form argument that uses moments in history to show that the modern nation of Australia is heir to the political and social philosophies of 18th-century Britain. (This is the reason the history begins first with the history of Britain.) Australia—so the argument goes—offered the opportunity of a new society. Unencumbered by class hierarchy, we were able to adopt the tenets of classical liberalism and do more with them than any other country has been able to do.

To the extent that Abbott uses the chronology of Australian history to further his argument, he has been successful.
However, Abbott also uses the book’s brevity to sidestep the parts of Australian history that complicate his thesis. For example, convicts—from Abbott’s perspective—are mostly happy to be living in Australia; and so he ignores the near starvation of the first four years of settlement and glosses over the horror of the Second Fleet’s voyage. Social history doesn’t meet his needs, and so there are very few accounts of the ordinary lives of Australians. Unhappiness with authority also doesn’t serve his purpose, and so bushrangers hardly appear at all, and there is no mention of Ned Kelly.

Towards the end of his book, Abbott gets the opportunity to insert himself into history. This is the part that many readers will enjoy. Abbott seems to relish the opportunity to offer his opinion on his fellow politicians, which he does without fear or favour. In his foreword to the book, Geoffrey Blainey expresses surprise “to find some political opponents [of Abbott’s] at times patted on the head rather than punched on the nose.” I’m not sure why anyone would be surprised. It has been evident for decades that Abbott’s main political enemies are within the Liberal Party itself. Nevertheless, it’s interesting to see which colleagues Abbott liked and which he didn’t. He also offers his pick of the best Prime Minister in history. I offer no spoilers, just two hints: His #1 is at the top of no other historian’s list; and it isn’t himself. There are no prizes if you guess correctly.

In conclusion, if you’re genuinely interested in Australian history, this is not the book for you. However, if you’re interested in gaining an insight into the workings of Tony Abbott’s mind, then it’s perfect.
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Discerning Bookworm
5.0 out of 5 stars A Must Read.
Reviewed in Australia on 29 December 2025
Format: Hardcover
A well balanced and informative history of Australia. It should be in all of our school library's, but sadly our left leaning educators would rather indoctrinate our nations young with that ridiculous piece of nonsense , Dark Emu.
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johnverp
4.0 out of 5 stars Pretty good
Reviewed in the United States on 6 December 2025
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
This is a well-written and well-researched account. Not self-serving, as I half expected, and pretty fair throughout. Didn't agree with everything, but he wasn't 'in your face' with his views. He distilled 250-odd years very well. (The book's length looked intimidating at first, but the last third is references, credits and photos.)
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Anna H
3.0 out of 5 stars A structured retelling of Australian history that leaves little room for complexity.
Reviewed in the United States on 18 November 2025
Format: KindleVerified Purchase
Australia: A History: How an Ancient Land Became a Great Democracy (2025) is Tony Abbott’s competent, albeit superficial, history of Australia.

Abbott begins his history 50,000 years ago, “when the first discoverers and pioneers… walked and paddled from the ancient Asian landmass”. He ends in the middle of 2025, when he sees that Australia “remains relatively prosperous and untroubled.”

The book is a race through all the expected beats of Australian history: Aboriginal prehistory, discovery by Europeans, discovery by the British, settlement, the Rum Rebellion, Macquarie, the gold rush, federation, World War I, the Depression, World War II, Menzies, and the Dismissal. Unusually, it also covers 1,700 years of British history in the Introduction. That’s a lot of material to cover in a limited space, and the depth of Abbott’s analysis suffers for it.

Abbott’s self-proclaimed reason for writing the book is to fill a void. “This is the book that should never have been needed,” Abbott states in his Author’s Note, implying that no other book like it exists. 448 pages later, it’s unclear what need he feels he has met. Certainly, there are many other short histories of Australia—Clark, Blainey, McIntyre, Keneally, to name a few. These writers span a wide range of perspectives, and they contain within them the added benefit of historical depth. Moreover, Abbott himself has completed little archival research and hasn’t added anything new to our store of knowledge. Instead, he has composited his history from other people’s histories.

Which leads to the question: If this book isn’t a new history of Australia, then what is it?

Abbott’s book is a long-form argument that uses moments in history to show that the modern nation of Australia is heir to the political and social philosophies of 18th-century Britain. (This is the reason the history begins first with the history of Britain.) Australia—so the argument goes—offered the opportunity of a new society. Unencumbered by class hierarchy, we were able to adopt the tenets of classical liberalism and do more with them than any other country has been able to do.

To the extent that Abbott uses the chronology of Australian history to further his argument, he has been successful.

However, Abbott also uses the book’s brevity to sidestep the parts of Australian history that complicate his thesis. For example, convicts—from Abbott’s perspective—are mostly happy to be living in Australia; and so he ignores the near starvation of the first four years of settlement and glosses over the horror of the Second Fleet’s voyage. Social history doesn’t meet his needs, and so there are very few accounts of the ordinary lives of Australians. Unhappiness with authority also doesn’t serve his purpose, and so bushrangers hardly appear at all, and there is no mention of Ned Kelly.

Towards the end of his book, Abbott gets the opportunity to insert himself into history. This is the part that many readers will enjoy. Abbott seems to relish the opportunity to offer his opinion on his fellow politicians, which he does without fear or favour. In his foreword to the book, Geoffrey Blainey expresses surprise “to find some political opponents [of Abbott’s] at times patted on the head rather than punched on the nose.” I’m not sure why anyone would be surprised. It has been evident for decades that Abbott’s main enemies are within the Liberal Party itself. Nevertheless, it’s interesting to see which colleagues Abbott liked and which he didn’t. He also offers his pick of the best Prime Minister in history. I offer no spoilers, just two hints: His #1 is at the top of no other historian’s list; and it isn’t himself. There are no prizes if you guess correctly.

In conclusion, if you’re genuinely interested in Australian history, this is not the book for you. However, if you’re interested in gaining an insight into the workings of Tony Abbott’s mind, then it’s perfect.
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세진님, 요청하신 도서 <호주: 어느 역사>에 대한 요약과 평론입니다.


<호주: 어느 역사> 요약 및 평론

도서 요약: 유배 식민지에서 위대한 민주주의로의 여정

전직 총리 토니 애벗이 집필한 <호주: 어느 역사>는 호주가 영국의 죄수 유배지라는 척박한 시작으로부터 어떻게 현대적인 자유 민주주의 국가로 거듭났는지를 연대기 순으로 추적한다. 본서는 제프리 블레이니의 서문으로 시작하여 호주 역사의 핵심적인 전환점들을 18개의 장으로 나누어 상세히 다룬다.

역사의 시작을 다루는 <계몽적 시작>과 <반란과 복구> 장에서는 초기 정착 과정의 혼란과 질서 확립을 설명하며, 호주가 단순히 형벌의 장소가 아닌 새로운 사회적 실험의 장이었음을 시사한다. 이어지는 <자치로 향하여>와 <황금!> 장은 19세기 중반 골드러시가 호주의 경제적 기반을 어떻게 뒤흔들었으며, 이것이 어떻게 정치적 자각과 자치권 획득으로 이어졌는지를 서술한다.

20세기에 접어들어 호주는 <제국과 연방>을 거쳐 <대담한 실험>인 연방 정부의 탄생을 맞이한다. 그러나 <대공황>과 <위협받는 호주> 장에서 묘사되듯, 세계 대전과 경제 위기는 국가적 존립을 위협하는 시련으로 다가왔다. 특히 <멘지스의 시대>는 호주 보수주의의 전성기를 다루며, 전후 복구와 현대 호주의 기틀이 마련된 시기를 비중 있게 조명한다.

후반부인 <문호를 개방하며>와 <통합>에서는 백호주의의 종식과 다문화주의로의 이행, 그리고 경제적 현대화 과정을 다룬다. 저자는 호주가 과거의 유산과 현대의 가치 사이에서 어떻게 균형을 잡으며 발전해왔는지를 보여주며 서사를 마무리한다.


평론: 보수적 시각으로 재해석한 국가의 자부심

이 책은 단순한 역사 기록물을 넘어, 호주라는 국가의 정체성에 대한 저자의 확고한 철학이 담긴 결과물이다. 토니 애벗은 정치인으로서 가졌던 통찰력을 바탕으로, 호주 역사의 줄기를 '영국적 전통의 계승'과 '호주적 혁신'의 결합으로 정의한다.

1. 보수주의적 사관의 발현

애벗은 호주의 성공 요인을 급진적인 혁명이 아닌, 영국식 법치와 의회 민주주의라는 견고한 토대 위에서 이루어진 점진적 개혁에서 찾는다. <식민지 자유주의>와 <멘지스의 시대>를 강조하는 구성은 그가 지향하는 정치적 가치가 호주의 번영과 어떻게 맞닿아 있는지를 효과적으로 설득한다. 이는 진보적 사학계가 주목하는 억압과 저항의 서사보다는, 질서와 성취의 서사에 무게를 둔 것이다.

2. 인물과 리더십 중심의 서술

본서는 구조적 분석보다는 결정적인 순간에 역사적 선택을 내린 인물들의 역할에 주목한다. 특히 제2차 세계 대전과 그 이후의 재건 과정을 다룰 때 리더십의 중요성을 강조하는데, 이는 독자로 하여금 역사가 거대한 흐름뿐만 아니라 개인의 결단에 의해서도 바뀔 수 있음을 느끼게 한다.

3. 비판적 시각과 한계

전직 정치인이 쓴 역사서인 만큼, 특정 시기에 대한 평가는 주관적일 수밖에 없다. 예를 들어 <퇴보하는 흐름>과 같은 장은 저자의 정치적 반대 세력이나 정책에 대한 비판적 시각이 강하게 투영되었을 가능성이 크다. 또한, 최근 호주 역사학계의 주요 화두인 원주민의 관점이나 사회적 소수자의 목소리가 주류 정치사적 관점에 비해 다소 희석되었을 수 있다는 점은 독자가 유의해야 할 지점이다.

결론 <호주: 어느 역사>는 호주가 가진 민주주의적 가치에 대한 찬가이다. 저자는 호주를 '유배지에서 위대한 민주주의 국가로 변모한 성공적인 국가'로 설정하고, 그 과정에서의 시련을 성장을 위한 밑거름으로 묘사한다. 이 책은 호주의 보수적 주류 지성계가 자국 역사를 어떻게 바라보고 정의하는지를 이해하는 데 있어 가장 탁월한 길잡이가 될 것이다. 역사적 사실의 나열에 그치지 않고, 그 안에 흐르는 국가적 자긍심을 포착해냈다는 점에서 충분히 읽을 가치가 있는 저작이다. 

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토니 애벗(Tony Abbott)의 《Australia: A History: From Convict Colony to Great Democracy》는 호주 전 총리였던 보수 정치인 토니 애벗이 쓴 대중 역사서이다.

 지리 블레이니(Geoffrey Blainey)의 서문이 붙어 있으며, 책의 구조는 초기 식민지 시기부터 현대 호주까지를 연대기적으로 따라간다.

이 책은 단순한 역사 요약서가 아니다. 그것은 “호주는 어떻게 형성되었는가?”라는 질문에 대한 하나의 정치적·문명사적 해석이다. 애벗은 호주를 기본적으로 <영국 자유주의 전통의 성공 사례>로 본다. 그는 죄수 식민지로 시작한 사회가 의회 민주주의, 법치주의, 시민적 자유, 경제 성장, 사회 안정성을 갖춘 국가로 발전했다고 주장한다. 따라서 이 책은 역사책이면서 동시에 일종의 보수적 국가 정체성 선언문이기도 하다.

책의 첫 부분은 영국 식민화의 기원을 다룬다. 애벗은 호주 건국을 단순한 침략사가 아니라 계몽주의 시대의 실험으로 묘사한다. 영국은 죄수들을 보내는 과정에서도 법률 제도와 행정 질서를 이식했고, 이것이 이후 호주 사회 발전의 토대가 되었다고 본다. 그는 초기 총독들, 자유 정착민들, 식민지 사회의 성장 등을 비교적 긍정적으로 서술한다.

특히 애벗은 영국 제국의 역할을 상당히 우호적으로 평가한다. 오늘날의 탈식민주의 역사학이 제국주의의 폭력과 인종주의를 강조하는 데 비해, 애벗은 대영제국이 가져온 제도적 유산—의회주의, 공공행정, 법의 지배—를 더 중시한다. 이 점에서 그는 전형적인 영국계 보수 역사관에 속한다.

그러나 이 부분은 동시에 이 책의 가장 논쟁적인 부분이기도 하다.

원주민(Aboriginal peoples)에 대한 식민지 폭력, 토지 수탈, 질병 확산, 문화 파괴 등은 상대적으로 제한적으로 다뤄진다. 물론 애벗이 이를 완전히 부정하는 것은 아니지만, 그의 서술에서는 그것이 국가 형성의 중심 서사로 등장하지 않는다. 현대 호주 역사학에서는 “Frontier Wars(국경전쟁)”나 원주민 집단학살 문제를 중요한 주제로 다루는데, 애벗은 그러한 해석에 상당히 거리를 둔다.

즉, 그는 호주의 역사를 <죄와 속죄의 역사>라기보다 <발전과 성취의 역사>로 본다.

책의 중반부에서는 자치정부 형성, 골드러시, 연방 결성 과정이 서술된다. 여기서 애벗은 호주 민주주의의 독특함을 강조한다. 그는 호주가 비교적 빠르게 남성 보통선거와 노동자 권리를 도입했고, 의회 민주주의를 안정적으로 운영했다고 평가한다.

특히 흥미로운 부분은 노동운동과 자유주의 전통에 대한 그의 해석이다. 애벗은 초기 호주 노동운동을 단순한 사회주의 운동으로 보지 않는다. 오히려 그는 그것을 영국식 점진적 개혁주의의 일부로 이해한다. 즉, 혁명보다는 타협과 제도 개혁을 통해 사회적 안정을 추구했다는 것이다.

이 부분은 어느 정도 설득력이 있다. 실제로 호주의 노동당(ALP)은 유럽 급진 좌파에 비해 제도권 정치와 의회주의에 강하게 통합되어 있었다. 호주는 혁명적 사회주의보다 조정과 절충의 정치 문화가 강한 나라였다.

그러나 애벗의 해석은 계급 갈등이나 노동 착취 구조를 다소 약화시킨다. 예를 들어 1890년대 경제공황과 대규모 파업, 노동자 계층의 불안정성은 비교적 부드럽게 처리된다. 그는 사회 갈등보다 국가 통합의 서사를 선호한다.

제1차 세계대전과 제2차 세계대전을 다루는 부분은 이 책의 핵심 중 하나다. 애벗은 ANZAC 전통을 매우 중요하게 본다. 갈리폴리 전투와 두 차례 세계대전은 그의 서술에서 호주 국민 정체성의 결정적 순간이다.

그는 전쟁을 단순한 비극으로만 보지 않는다. 오히려 공동체 의식, 희생, 책임감, 국가적 성숙을 형성한 경험으로 해석한다. 이는 호주 보수주의의 전형적 역사관이다.

특히 그는 제2차 세계대전 시기의 존 커틴(John Curtin) 정부와 미국과의 동맹 형성을 높이 평가한다. 일본의 남하 위협 속에서 호주가 국가적 생존 위기를 겪었으며, 이 시기에 현대 호주의 안보 정체성이 형성되었다고 본다.

하지만 여기에도 한계가 있다.

전쟁 경험이 원주민, 여성, 반전주의자, 비유럽계 이민자들에게 어떤 의미였는지는 상대적으로 약하게 다뤄진다. 애벗의 역사에서 중심 인물은 대체로 영국계 남성 정치 지도자들과 군인들이다.

이것은 단지 개인 취향의 문제가 아니라, 역사관 자체의 문제다.

애벗은 기본적으로 국가 중심 역사(national history)를 쓴다. 반면 최근 역사학은 젠더사, 하위주체사(subaltern history), 탈식민주의 역사학 등을 통해 “누가 역사에서 배제되었는가?”를 묻는다. 애벗은 이런 흐름에 상당히 비판적이다.

책의 후반부는 전후 호주, 멘지스 시대, 대규모 이민, 다문화주의, 현대 정치까지 이어진다.

애벗은 로버트 멘지스(Robert Menzies)를 매우 높이 평가한다. 안정적 경제 성장, 중산층 확대, 영미권 동맹 유지 등을 호주의 황금기로 본다. 이는 자유당(Liberal Party) 전통을 강조하는 애벗 자신의 정치적 입장과 연결된다.

반면 그는 1970년대 이후의 급진적 문화 변화에는 다소 비판적이다. 다문화주의, 정체성 정치, 역사 수정주의, 지나친 국가 자기비판 등을 “호주 자신감의 약화”로 보는 경향이 있다.

특히 마지막 장 제목이 “Drifting Backwards(뒤로 표류하기)”라는 점은 상징적이다. 애벗은 현대 호주가 과거의 자신감과 결속력을 잃어가고 있다고 본다.

여기서 이 책은 단순한 역사서가 아니라 문화전쟁(culture wars)의 일부가 된다.

애벗은 오늘날 서구 사회의 여러 보수 지식인들과 비슷한 문제의식을 공유한다:

  • 지나친 자기비판
  • 국가 정체성 해체
  • 역사적 죄의식 정치
  • 전통 가치 약화
  • 엘리트 진보주의 비판

그는 호주의 역사를 “억압의 역사”로만 읽는 태도에 반대한다.

그러나 동시에 이 책은 중요한 약점을 가진다.

첫째, 원주민 역사에 대한 감수성이 제한적이다. 현대 호주 사회에서 원주민 문제는 단순한 부차적 주제가 아니다. 토지권, 건강 격차, 수감률, 문화 파괴, 언어 소멸 문제는 국가 정체성 논쟁의 핵심이다. 애벗은 이를 충분히 중심화하지 않는다.

둘째, 이민자와 비백인 경험의 다양성이 약하게 반영된다. 현대 호주는 다문화 국가이며, 아시아계 이민 역시 국가 형성의 중요한 부분이 되었다. 그러나 책의 중심 정서는 여전히 영국계 호주 정체성에 가깝다.

셋째, 경제적 불평등 구조에 대한 분석이 제한적이다. 애벗은 사회 통합과 제도 안정성을 강조하지만, 자본주의 발전 과정의 희생과 불평등은 비교적 약하게 다룬다.

그럼에도 불구하고 이 책은 읽을 가치가 있다.

왜냐하면 이것은 단순한 역사 정보가 아니라, 현대 호주 보수주의가 자기 나라를 어떻게 이해하는지를 매우 잘 보여주기 때문이다.

세진님처럼 호주 사회를 오래 살아본 독자에게 특히 흥미로운 점은, 이 책이 “호주인은 스스로를 어떤 나라라고 상상하는가?”를 보여준다는 데 있다.

예를 들어:

  • 법을 중시하는 문화
  • 실용주의
  • 급진혁명보다 점진개혁 선호
  • 전쟁 기억과 ANZAC 정신
  • 중산층 안정성 중시
  • 영미권 정체성

이런 요소들은 실제 호주 사회의 한 중요한 측면과 연결되어 있다.

결국 《Australia: A History》는 균형 잡힌 학술 역사서라기보다는, <보수적 자유주의 애국주의 역사관>의 대표 사례로 읽는 것이 적절하다.

이 책은 호주의 성공을 강조한다.
반면 현대 비판 역사학은 호주의 그림자를 강조한다.

진실은 아마 그 사이 어딘가에 있을 것이다.

호주는 실제로 안정적 민주주의와 높은 생활수준을 이룬 나라였다.
동시에 식민주의와 인종 배제의 역사 역시 깊이 가지고 있었다.

애벗의 책은 전자를 강하게 보여준다.
그리고 오늘날 많은 역사학자들은 후자를 더 강조한다.

따라서 이 책의 가장 큰 가치는 “호주 현대사 논쟁의 한 축”을 매우 선명하게 드러낸다는 점에 있다.

==========

토니 애벗(Tony Abbott)의 <Australia: A History — From Convict Colony to Great Democracy>는 전직 호주 총리가 쓴 대중 역사서이자 국가 정체성 서사이다. 이 책은 단순한 연대기라기보다, “호주는 어떻게 죄수 식민지에서 안정된 자유민주주의 국가가 되었는가?”라는 질문에 대한 보수적 해석이다. 특히 역사학자 Geoffrey Blainey가 서문을 썼다는 점은, 이 책이 호주 보수 역사관의 계보 안에 있음을 상징적으로 보여준다.

애벗은 호주의 역사를 “점진적 성공의 역사”로 본다.
그 핵심에는 다음 요소들이 있다.

  • 영국 제도와 법치
  • 의회 민주주의
  • 개인 자유
  • 자발적 공동체 정신
  • 경제적 기회
  • 전쟁과 위기를 통한 국민 통합

책 전체는 비교적 명확한 보수 자유주의 서사 위에서 전개된다.


1. 죄수 식민지의 시작

애벗은 1788년 First Fleet의 도착에서 이야기를 시작한다.

8

초기 호주는 영국의 유형 식민지였다.

  • 죄수 수송
  • 군정 체제
  • 척박한 환경
  • 원주민과의 충돌
  • 생존 중심 경제

이 시기의 호주는 불안정하고 폭력적이며 빈곤했다.

그러나 애벗은 여기서 중요한 점을 강조한다.

→ 호주는 라틴아메리카 식민지들과 달리 “영국 제도”를 함께 가져왔다는 것이다.

즉:

  • 법률 체계
  • 의회 전통
  • 시민권 개념
  • 자치 경험

이것이 훗날 민주주의 발전의 토대가 되었다고 본다.

그는 호주의 성공을 단순한 자원 부국이 아니라
<제도적 유산의 성공>으로 해석한다.


2. 개척 사회와 평등주의

19세기 부분에서 애벗은 “호주적 평등주의”를 강조한다.

  • 토지 개척
  • 금광 붐
  • 노동 부족
  • 비교적 높은 임금
  • 귀족 계급 부재

이 조건들이 영국보다 더 평등한 사회를 만들었다는 것이다.

특히 금광 시대는 중요하게 다뤄진다.

4

Eureka Stockade 사건은 호주 민주주의의 상징처럼 묘사된다.

애벗은 이를:

→ 정부 권력에 대한 시민 저항
→ 민주주의 확대 요구

로 해석한다.

다만 여기서 특징적인 것은:

→ 계급 혁명보다는 “제도 개선”의 역사로 본다는 점이다.

즉 호주는 프랑스혁명적 전통보다 영국식 점진 개혁 전통에 가까웠다고 주장한다.


3. 연방 탄생과 국가 형성

1901년 호주 연방(Federation)은 책의 중요한 전환점이다.

애벗은 이를 비교적 성공적인 국가 형성 사례로 본다.

  • 내전 없이 통합
  • 민주적 절차
  • 헌법 합의
  • 연방주의 정착

이 과정은 미국이나 유럽의 폭력적 국가 형성과 대비된다.

그러나 동시에 책은 “White Australia Policy” 문제도 다룬다.

여기서 애벗은 비교적 조심스러운 태도를 취한다.

그는 이를 오늘날 기준으로는 차별적이라고 인정하면서도, 당시에는:

  • 노동시장 보호
  • 사회 통합
  • 영국계 정체성 유지

라는 배경이 있었다고 설명한다.

즉 완전한 도덕적 규탄보다는 역사적 맥락화를 시도한다.

이 부분은 현대 진보 역사학자들과 충돌할 가능성이 큰 지점이다.


4. 전쟁과 국민 정체성

애벗은 전쟁사를 매우 중요하게 다룬다.

특히:

  • Gallipoli
  • 제1차 세계대전
  • 제2차 세계대전
  • Kokoda Track

등이 핵심이다.

4

그에게 전쟁은 단순한 군사사가 아니다.

→ “호주 국민”이 형성되는 집단 경험이다.

ANZAC 정신은 책 전체의 핵심 정서 중 하나다.

그 특징은:

  • 동료애(mateship)
  • 희생
  • 현실주의
  • 권위에 대한 거리감
  • 실용주의

애벗은 이것을 호주 국민성의 핵심으로 본다.

여기에는 상당히 전통적인 호주 보수 애국주의가 드러난다.


5. 전후 번영과 다문화 사회

전후 호주는 급속히 변화한다.

  • 대량 이민
  • 산업화
  • 대학 확대
  • 복지국가 성장
  • 아시아와의 관계 강화

애벗은 특히 전후 이민 정책을 긍정적으로 본다.

초기에는 유럽 중심이었지만, 점차 아시아 이민이 확대되며 현대 다문화 호주가 형성된다.

다만 그는 “다문화주의”를 무제한 문화 상대주의로 보지는 않는다.

그의 관점은:

→ 다양한 배경은 가능하지만
→ 핵심 시민 가치 공유는 필요하다

는 입장에 가깝다.

즉:

  • 법치
  • 민주주의
  • 영어 공용어
  • 자유주의 질서

같은 공통 기반을 강조한다.


6. 원주민 문제

이 책에서 가장 논쟁적인 부분 중 하나는 원주민 역사 서술이다.

애벗은 과거의 폭력과 차별을 인정한다.

그러나 그는 호주 역사를 본질적으로 “침략과 억압의 역사”로만 보는 시각에는 비판적이다.

이는 흔히 말하는:

  • “black armband history”
  • “three cheers history”

논쟁과 연결된다.

여기서 Geoffrey Blainey의 영향이 매우 강하게 느껴진다.

애벗은:

  • 식민지 폭력 인정
  • 원주민 빈곤 문제 인정

은 하면서도,

→ 호주 전체 역사를 도덕적 죄의식 중심으로 재해석하는 흐름에는 거리감을 둔다.

이 부분은 현대 호주 학계의 탈식민주의 흐름과 상당한 긴장을 가진다.


7. 책의 핵심 주장

이 책의 핵심 메시지는 비교적 단순하다.

→ 호주는 전반적으로 성공한 나라다.

그리고 그 성공의 이유는:

  • 영국 자유주의 전통
  • 민주적 제도
  • 시민적 상식
  • 실용주의
  • 점진 개혁

이라는 것이다.

애벗은 혁명보다 안정성을 높게 평가한다.

즉:

  • 미국식 이념주의
  • 유럽식 급진주의

보다,

→ 호주의 절충적 현실주의를 더 건강한 모델로 본다.


8. 책의 강점

(1) 읽기 쉬운 국가 서사

이 책은 학술서보다 대중 역사서에 가깝다.

  • 문장이 단순
  • 흐름 명확
  • 주요 사건 중심
  • 이야기 구조 강함

따라서 일반 독자가 호주 전체 역사를 빠르게 이해하기 좋다.


(2) 제도 중심 시각

애벗은 단순 경제 발전론이 아니라:

→ 법과 제도의 안정성

을 강조한다.

이는 상당히 중요한 통찰이다.

특히 남미·아프리카·중동 일부 국가와 비교하면:

→ 왜 호주는 안정된 민주주의가 되었는가?

라는 질문에 일정 설득력을 가진다.


(3) 지나친 자기혐오 역사관에 대한 반발

최근 서구권 역사교육은:

  • 식민주의
  • 인종주의
  • 제국주의

비판에 매우 집중한다.

애벗은 이에 대해:

→ 역사에는 분명한 성취도 있었다

고 강조한다.

이 점은 일부 독자에게 균형감으로 느껴질 수 있다.


9. 한계와 비판

(1) 보수 국가주의 편향

책 전체는 상당히 애국주의적이다.

  • 호주 국가 형성의 폭력
  • 자본주의 구조 문제
  • 노동 착취
  • 제국주의 연계

등은 상대적으로 약하게 다뤄진다.


(2) 원주민 관점의 제한

현대 역사학에서는 원주민 시각이 매우 중요하다.

그러나 애벗의 서술은:

→ 국가 통합 서사

를 우선하기 때문에,

원주민 경험이 부차화되는 느낌이 있다.


(3) 계급 문제 약화

호주 노동운동의 급진성이나:

  • 파업
  • 사회주의 전통
  • 노동당 역사

등은 비교적 제한적으로 다뤄진다.

즉 “합리적 자유민주주의 발전사”에 지나치게 정렬되어 있다.


10. 전체 평가

이 책은 학문적으로 가장 혁신적인 호주사 책은 아니다.

그러나 매우 중요한 의미가 있다.

왜냐하면:

→ 현대 호주 보수주의가 자기 나라 역사를 어떻게 이해하는가

를 잘 보여주기 때문이다.

즉 이 책은 단순 역사책이 아니라:

→ <국가 정체성 선언문>

에 가깝다.


11. 세진님 관심사와 연결하면

세진님이 읽어오신:

  • The Australians
  • The Idea of Australia
  • A Secret Country
  • The Lucky Culture

등과 비교하면, 이 책은 가장 “정통 보수적 국가서사”에 가깝다.

특히:

  • 존 필저류 비판적 제국주의 시각
  • 블레이니·애벗류 점진적 성공 서사

의 대비가 뚜렷하다.

이 점이 이 책의 가장 중요한 독서 포인트다.


12. 한 줄 정리

<Australia: A History>는 호주를 “죄수 식민지에서 안정된 자유민주주의로 성장한 성공 사례”로 해석하는 보수적 국가 서사이며, 현대 호주 보수주의의 역사 인식을 압축적으로 보여주는 책이다.

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