Acknowledgements
My largest debt is to Alex Joske for his excellent research support. His
work opened up a wide array of invaluable information in Chinese-
language sources in Australia and, especially, in China.
Since deciding to write this book, I have been surprised and gratified
by the willingness of all kinds of people to help.
I am extremely grateful to Geoff Wade, who generously provided
a series of leads and suggestions as well as advice on how to interpret
much of the information, including a deeper grasp of what the CCPs
objectives and methods are.
David Kelly and Philippa Jones in Beijing were exceptionally help¬
ful in making contacts and allowing me to benefit from their deep
knowledge of China.
John Garnaut has lent strong support and provided excellent advice
throughout. John Fitzgerald has been a peerless source of knowledge and
a pillar of support through the tribulations of publication. John Hu has
been an invaluable source of information and links into the Chinese-
Australian community.
Ye Fei, a brilliant and courageous Beijing political analyst, gave me
extraordinary insights into China’s politics and Beijing’s international
ambitions. I can name him because, tragically, he died three months
after our last conversation.
282
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Many of my interviewees in China and Australia cannot be named.
The risk tliey face only increases my gratitude to them. Among those I
am able to name, I would like to express my thanks to James Leibold,
Gneg Austin, Peter Jennings, Stephen Joske, Rory Medcalf, Phil Dorling,
Chris Uhlmann, Qi Jiazhen, Jinping Cheng, Zhang Xiaogang, Frank
Dikdtter, Chen Yonglin, Nick McKenzie, Rowan Callick, Chris Buckley,
Phil Wen, Greg McCarthy, Geoff Raby, Lucy Gao, Zhou Shixing,
Feng Shuai, Angus Grigg, Bill Birtles, Zha Daojiong, Ma Tianjie,
Anson Chan, Willy Lam, K.P. Chow, Hugh White, Borge Bakken,
Feng Chongyi, Ying Yee, Kate Larsen, Jocelyn Chey, John Keane,
Riciiard Baker, James Xiong, Kevin Jin, Anastasia Kapetas, Wu Lebao,
Qin Jin, Paul Macgregor, Anne-Marie Brady, Lisa Dempster, Fergus
Hanson, Tim Stephens, Jen Tsen Kwok, Fergus Ryan, Primrose Riordan,
Chowai Cheung, Maree Ma and Warren Sun.
Of course, they hold a wide divergence of opinions about the topics
discussed in this book and should not be held responsible for any of the
views expressed in it.
Robert Manne kindly read the manuscript, alerting me to a number
of potential problems and pressing me to think through more carefully
some of the strategic implications.
My thanks lastly to Charles Sturt University for giving me the
opportunity to pursue a project like this one.
283
Chapter 1 Dyeing Australia red
1 The account given here is based on: an author interview with Chen Yonglin
on 1 March 2017; his comments quoted in a Chinese-language interview
published in The Epoch Times, 25 June 2015 <www.epochtimes.eom/gb/5/
6/25/n965354.htm>; and an important article by Chen Yonglin, ‘Australia is
in the process of becoming Chinas backyard’, first published in Chinese in
China in Perspective, 31 August 2016.
2 Chen, ‘Australia is in the process of becoming China’s backyard’.
Chapter 2 How China sees itself in the world
1 Zheng Wang, Never Forget National Humiliation: Historical memory in
Chinese politics and foreign rebtions. New York: Columbia University Press,
2012; Michael Pillsbury, The Hundred-Year Marathon, New York: St Martin’s
Griffin, 2016.
2 Here 1 am drawing heavily on Wang, Never Forget National Humiliation.
3 Wimg, Never Forget National Humiliation, p. 104.
4 Geoffrey Crothall quoted by Wang, Never Forget National Humiliation,
p. 116.
5 Wiing, Never Forget National Humiliation, p. 116
6 ‘Chinese Education Minister: The Hostile Forces’ First Choice for Penetration
Is the Education System’, originally published in Sina, 10 December 2016,
<chinascope.org/archives/10801 >.
7 Wang, Never Forget National Humiliation, pp. 111—12.
8 Wang, Never Forget National Humiliation, p. 115.
9 Quoted by Wang, Never Forget National Humiliation, p. 114.
10 Wang, Never Forget National Humiliation, p. 227.
284
NOTES; HOW CHINA SEES ITSELF IN THE WORLD
11 Rachel Liu, ‘A new definition of Chinese patriotism’, Foreign Policy,
11 September 2014.
12 Wang, Never Forget National Humiliation, p. 125.
13 Liu Xiaobo, in No Enemies, No Hatred: Selected essays and poems. Perry Link,
Tienclii Martin-Liao and Liu Xia (eds), Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press,
2012, p. 73.
14 Liu, No Enemies, No Hatred, pp. 74—5.
15 Liu, ‘The Communist Party’s “Olympic Gold Medal Syndrome’”, in
No Enemies, No Hatred, p. 251.
16 Liu, ‘The Communist Party’s “Olympic Gold Medal Syndrome’”, p. 255.
17 Wtng, Never Forget National Humiliation, pp. 150-2.
18 Lotus Ruan, ‘The new face of Chinese r ationalism’. Foreign Policy, 25 August
2016.
19 Anon., ‘Smug Aussie swimmer won’t cloud Rio’, Global Times, 8 August 2016,
20 Jennine Khalik, ‘Rio Olympics 2016: CFMEU protests Channel Seven’s
coverage of China’, The Australian, 9 August 2016.
21 James Jiann Hua To, Qiaowu: Extra-territorial policies for the overseas Chinese,
Leiden: Koninklijke Brill, 2014, p. 44.
22 Wang, Never Forget National Humiliation, p. 154.
23 Lucy Hornby, ‘China battles to control growing online nationalism’. Financial
Times, 8 January 2017.
24 Li Jing and He Huifeng, ‘Anti-Japan protests turn violent in Shenzhen,
Guangzhou and Qingdao’, South China Morning Post, 17 September 2012.
25 Anon., ‘Chinese state media condemns protests at KFC restaurants in wake
of South China Sea ruling’. South China Morning Post, 20 July 2016.
26 Jun Mai, ‘China vows to nip patriotic protests in the bud to maintain stabil¬
ity’, South China Morning Post, 13 January 2017.
27 Zheping Huang, ‘Inside the Global Times, China’s hawkish, belligerent state
tabloid’, Qiiartz, 9 August 2016.
28 Philip Wen, ‘This is the deal: “In time, this world will be China’s ”, The
Sydney Morning Herald, 10—11 September 2016.
29 Never Forget National Humiliation, 129-32.
30 D.S. Rajan, ‘China: Can Xi Jinping’s “Chinese Dream” vision be realized?’.
South Asia Analysis Group, 3 January 2013.
31 Liu Mingfu, The China Dream: Great power thinking and strategic posture in
the post-American era, New York: CN I'imes Books, 2015, back cover.
32 Quoted by Michael Pillsbury, The Hundred-Year Marathon, New York:
St Martin’s Griffin, 2016, p. 28.
33 William A. Callahan, ‘Chinese visions of world order: Post-hegemonic or a
new hegemony?’. International Studies Review, 2008, no. 10, p. 753.
34 Pillsbury, The Hundred-Year Marathon, pp. 28, 12.
35 Zheng Wmg, ‘Not rising, but rejuvenating: The “Chinese Dream’”, The
Diplomat, 5 February 2013.
285
notes: how china sees itself in the world
36 In case citizens are inclined to forget it, in 2017 the authorities instructed
Chinese cinemas to screen four-minute patriotic propaganda videos, v>me
featuring a fist-pumping Jackie Chan extolling President Xi s China Dream
and core socialist values. See Huang Wan, ‘Chinese cinemas to show patriotic
trailer ahead of screenings’. Sixth Tone, 30 June 2017.
37 Pillsbury, The Hundred-Year Marathon, [>.155.
38 Pillsbury, The Hundred-Year Marathon, 250.
39 Liu, The China Dream, p. 29.
40 <www.scio.gov.en/m/zhzc/10/Document/1437648/ l437648.htm>.
41 He Yafeis speech followed one in 2013 by Cai Mingzhao, director of the
Foreign Propaganda Office, where he spoke of ‘deepening foreign propa¬
ganda about the Chinese Dream’, a dream that will benefit not only Chinese
people but, because of the ‘superiority of the Chinese nation’, the ‘people
of the world’ (Anon., ‘China’s foreign propaganda chief outlines external
communication priorities’, China Copyright and Media blog, 22 December
2014, translated from People’s Daily).
42 Paul Keating, ‘Australia must heed the shift in the US-China power balance’.
The Australian, 24 December 2016.
43 David Kelly, ‘Winding back the China Solution’, The Interpreter, Lowy
Institute, 6 July 2017.
44 Liu, The China Dream, pp. 2, 4.
45 Jamil Anderlini, ‘The dark side of China’s national renewal’. Financial Times,
21 June 2017.
46 Anon., ‘Trump’s Korea gaffe exposes hegemonic thinking in China, Chosun,
20 April 2017.
47 Bill Hayton, ‘China’s “historic rights” in the South China Sea: Made in
America?’, The Diplomat, 21 June 2016.
48 <pca-cpa.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/175/2016/07/PH-CN-20160712-
Award. pdf>.
49 John Fiagerald, ‘Handing the initiative to China, Inside Story, 19 January
2017.
50 Hu Jintao, full text of speech, 24 October 2013 <www.smh.com.au/articles/
2003/10/24/1066631618612.html>.
51 Geoff Wade, ‘Popular History and Bunkum: The book “1421, The Year
China Discovered America” is a fairytale &C a fiction’, posted at Maritime Asia
<maritimeasia.ws/topic/l421bunkum.html>. See also <www. 1421 exposed
.com/html/1421 _and_all_that_j unk.html>.
52 Quentin McDermott, ‘Junk History’, Four Comers, ABC TV, 31 July 2006
<\\'\s'\s’. abc.net.au/4corncrs/content/2006/s 1699373.htni>.
53 Geoff Wade, ‘The “Liu/Menzies” world map: A critique’, e-Perimetron,
Autumn 2007, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 273-80.
54 Timothy Kendall, Within Chinas Orhit?; China through the eyes of the
Austmlian parliament, Canberra: Parliamentary Library, 2008.
286
notes: how china sees itself in the world
55 Kendall, Within Chinas Orbit?.
56 Fu Ying. speech to the National Press Club of Australia, as quoted in Geoffrey
IVtrker, ‘Diplomacy personified’, Australian Financial Review, 10 June 2005,
|v20.
57 <\N’\N'\v.china.com.cn/chinese/zhuanti/zhxxy/881212.htm>.
Chapter 3 Oiaowu and the Chinese diaspora
1 <\\-\\-\v.scio.gov.cn/m/zh 2 c/10/Document/1437648/l437648.htm>.
2 Cheong Suk-Wai, ‘Beijing’s charm offensive: A challenge to test loyalty’.
Straits hmes, 30 April 2017.
3 James Jiann Hua To, Qiaowu: Extra-territorial policies for the overseas Chinese,
Leiden: Koninklijke Brill, 2014.
4 To, Qiaowu, p. 19.
5 To, Qiaowu, p. 47.
6 To, Qiaowu, p. 42.
7 To, Qiaowu, p. 254.
S To, Qiaowu, p. 258.
9 To, Qiaowu, pp. 260, 261, 264.
10 To, Qiaowu, p. 257.
11 Hagar Cohen and Tiger Webb, ‘Chinese nationals deported from Fiji were
sex workers, not fraudsters: Source’, ABC News Online, 6 October 2017.
12 Gabrielle Chan, ‘Cabinet papers 1988-89: Bob Hawke acted alone in offer¬
ing asylum to Chinese students’. The Gmrdian, 1 January 2015.
13 To, Qiaowu, p. 27.
14 Quoted in Chan, ‘Cabinet papers 1988-89’.
15 James To, ‘Beijing’s policies for managing Han and ethnic-minority Chinese
communities abroad’. Journal of Current Chinese Affairs, 2012, no. 4,
p. 186 .
16 To, Qiaowu, pp. 75, 78-9; To, ‘Beijing’s policies for managing Han’, p. 186.
17 Anne-Marie Brady, ‘China’s foreign propaganda machine’, Journal of
Democracy, October 2015, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 51-9.
18 James To explains that there are five major qiaoivu organisations, two
under the central government (the OCAO and the All-China Federation
of Returned OC Association) and three party departments (the Propaganda
Department, the International Department and the UFWD) (To, Qiaowu,
pp. 73-80).
19 Marcel Angliviel de la Beaumelle, ‘The United Front Work Department:
“Magic weapon” at home and abroad’. The Jamestown Foundation, China
Brief,(>]\x\y 2017, vol. 17, no. 9.
20 Anne-Marie Brady, ‘Magic Weapons: China’s political influence activities
under Xi Jinping’, Wilson Center, Washington, D.C., September 2017.
21 To, Qiaowu, p. 74. Qiaowu agencies are overseen by the CCP’s International
Department while organisations such as the ACPPRC are managed by the
287
notes: oiaowu and the Chinese diaspora
United Front Work Department. However, they arc coordinated by the
embassy in Canberra and work closely together.
22 Rowan Callick, ‘“Non-profit” group linked to Chinese donors’, The
Australian, 5 September 2016.
23 To, Qiaowu, pp. 269-70.
24 <world.people.com.cn/n/2015/0527/cl57278-2706603l.html> ‘Dr William
Chiu, founder and chairman of the Australian Council for the Promotion of
the Peacefiil Reunification of China passes away’, People’s Daily, TJ May 2015.
25 To, Qiaowu, p. 268.
26 To, ‘Beijing’s policies for managing Han’, p. 189.
TJ Dylan Welch, ‘Ernest Wong: Labor’s go-to man for access to Chinese com¬
munity’, 730, ABC TV, 19 September 2016.
28 Chris Bowen, accompanied by his wife, was flown to China in 2015 panly
at the expense of the CCP and the Australian Guangdong Association,
which Huang Xiangmo heads (Samantha Hutchinson and Ben Butler,
‘Bowen on the Yuhu register as China doles out MP largesse’. The Australian,
7 September 2016). In his memoir Bob Carr described a ‘gloriously suc-
cessflil Labor fundraiser’ at a Chinese New Year event organised by Sam
Dastyari that raised $200,000, which was split between Labor head office
and Chris Bowen’s personal campaign (Rowan Callick and Sarah Martin,
‘Dastyari’s donor has party cell’. The Australian, 7 September 2016). During
the Dastyari affair. The Australian named the disgraced senator’s ‘allies and
aides’ as Carr, Huang Xiangmo, Eric Roozendaal, Chris Bowen, Minshen
Zhu and Paul Yi-Wen Han.
29 <www.acpprc.org.au/schinese/jinqi/2015/jndhSepl5.html>.
30 <world.people.com.cn/nl/20l6/0207/cl002-28117190.html>.
31 To, Qiaowu, p. 268.
32 Julie Makinen, ‘Beijing uses Chinese New Year to push China’s soft power’,
Los Angeles Times, 18 February 2015.
33 Philip Wen, ‘China’s patriots among us: Beijing pulls new lever of influence
in Australia’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 28 April 2016.
34 <w\\'%v.chinesenewyear.com.au/index.html>. ^
35 John Power, ‘Pro-Beijing activism by ethnic Chinese in Australia stirs unease ,
Asia Times, 12 May 2016.
36 Rowan Callick, ‘Australia’s Chinese community: Inscrutable ties to another
China’, The Australian, TJ August 2016.
37 Wen, ‘China’s patriots among us’. Huang Xiangmo denied any connection
bersveen the group and the ACPPRC.
38 <\s'\vw.xkb.com.au/html/cnc/shetuandongtai/2016/0414/168347.html>. See
also Sydney Today <www.sydneytoday.com/content-l 122194>, whose story
was republished in People’s Daily <australia.people.com.cn/nl/20l6/04ll/
c364496-28265283.html>.
39 <www.bobning.com/fca/?page_id=37>.
288
notes; OIAOWU and the CHINESE DIASPORA
40 <\\-\\'W.bobnlng.coin/fca/?p=21 >.
41 <uf\vw.Faccbook.com/pliiIclcarymayor/ videos/1048116948618517>.
42 <w>v\v.sbs.cotn.au/yourlanguage/mandarin/zh-hans/content/su-jun-xi-jiang-
jlng-xuan-mo-cr-ben-shi-fu-shi-chang?language=zli-hans>.
43 <\vorld.people.com.cn/n 1/2016/0723/cl002-28579502.html>.
44 <engIish.cri.cn/12394/2016/07/23/4001s935326.htm>.
45 Philip Wen and Daniel Flitton, ‘South China Sea protests to come to
Melbourne’, The Age, 21 July 2016.
46 Naaman Zhou, ‘Chinese ballet draws protests for “glorifying Red Army”’,
The Guardian, 18 February 2017.
47 Anon., ‘Australian Chinese to boycott Chinese ballet “Red Detachment of
Women’”, Duowei News, 5 February 2017.
48 Ro\\’an Callick, ‘Rebel Chinese movement promotes “Australian values’”, The
Australian, 5 September 2016.
49 To, Qiaoum, p. 47.
50 To, Qiaoum, p. 122.
51 To, Qiaoum, p. 281 .
52 To, Qiaoum, pp. 114-15.
53 Jamil Anderlini, ‘The dark side of China’s national renewal’. Financial Times,
21 June 2017.
54 Email to the author, 23 October 2017.
55 Daniel A. Bell, ‘Why anyone can be Chinese’, Wall Street Journal, 14 July
2017.
56 <languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/ nll/.^p=33412>.
57 Frank Ching, ‘Does Chinese blood really lack the DNA for aggression?’,
South China Morning Post, 2 July 2017.
58 ovorld.huanqiu.com/exclusivc/2017-06/10912308.luml>.
59 To, Qiaoum, p. 116.
60 David Zweig and Stanley Rosen. 'How China trained a new generation
abroad’, SciDev.Net, 22 May 2013.
61 To, Qiaoum, pp. 123-4.
62 To, Qiaoum, p. 189.
63 <chinachange.org/2015/06/09/chinese-students-studying-abroad-a-new-
focus-of-ccps-united-front-work/>. In 7'he End oj'History (1989), Francis
Fukuyama forecast that Chinese students would return from study abroad
bringing transformational democratic norms, another instance of what might
be called the ‘Fukuyama Rule’, where the inHuence of Fukuyama’s ()redictions
is in inverse proportion to their accuracy.
64 To, Qiaoum, p. 130.
65 To, Qiaou-u, p. 189.
66 To, Qiaoum, p. 28.
67 Koh Gui Qing and John Shiffman, ‘China’s covert global radio network’,
Reuters, 2 November 2015; John Fitzgerald. ‘How the ABC sold out
2S9
notes: oiaowu and the Chinese diaspora
news values to get access to China’ <www.abc.net,au/mccliawatch/
transcripts/1615_afr. pdf>.
68 To, Qiaowuy pp. 176-8.
69 <www.abc.net.au/mediawatch/transcripts/s4476824.htm>.
70 To, Qiaowuy pp. 179-80.
71 To, Qiaowu, p. 180.
72 Anon., ‘Drive-by shooting won’t stop Sunnybank-based Chinese-language
newspaper Epoch Times, say stafF, Courier-Mail, 3 November 2010; Kristian
Silva, ‘One Nation’s Shan Ju Lin defends Pauline Hanson, says she fears
Chinese Government will “take over’”, ABC News online, 21 December 2016.
73 Qing and Shiffman, ‘China’s covert global radio network’.
74 Anne-Marie Brady, ‘Magic Weapons: China’s political influence activities
under Xi Jinping’, Wilson Center, Washington, D.C., September 2017.
75 Rowan Callick, ‘Voice of China hits the Aussie airwaves’, News.com.au,
17 August 2009.
76 Callick, ‘Voice of China hits the Aussie airwaves’; <www.multicultural.vic
.gov.au/images/stories/documents/2013/2002-12%20recipients%20-%20
people.pdf>; <www.chinanews.com/hr/2011/09-19/3335774.shtml>.
77 See also Jia Gao, Chinese Migrant Entrepreneurship in Australia from the 1990s,
Waltham, Mass.: Elsevier, 2015, Chapter 6.
78 <www.jl.xinhuanet.com/news/2004-07/16/content_2502263.htm>.
79 <en.people.cn/200503/14/eng20050314_176746.html>.
80 <en.people.cn/200503/14/eng20050314_176746.html>.
81 <www.oushinet.com/cjj/cjjnews/20160928/243581 .hcml>.
82 John Fitzgerald, ‘Beijing’s guoqing versus Australia’s way of life’. Inside Story,
27 September 2016.
83 Fitzgerald, ‘Beijing’s guoqing versus Australias way of life .
84 KeLsey Munro and Philip Wen. ‘Chinese language newspapers in Australia:
Beijing controls messaging, propaganda in press’. The Sydney Morning Herald,
10 July 2016.
85 Firzgerald, ‘Beijing’s gwtjing versus Australias way ol life .
86 Munro and Wen. ‘Chinese language newspapers in Australia’.
87 Wanning Sun, ‘Chinese-language media in Australia: An opportunity for
Australian soft power’, Australia-Chhia Relations Institute, 8 September
2016.
88 Fitzgerald, ‘Beijing’s guoqing versus Australias way of life .
89 <www.abc.net.au/mediawatch/transcripts/s4458872.htm>.
90 John Firzgerald, ‘How the ABC sold out news values to get access to China,
<www.abc.net.au/mediawatch/transcripts/1615_afr.pdf>.
91 <htt j'>://NCA\'cv.acj>prc.org.au/schinese/jin(ji/2016/qwhOct l6.html>.
92 <httj'>://w%N'cv.acpprc.org.au/schinese/jinqi/2016/cjwhOct 16.html>, <http.//
www.radioaustralia.net.au/chinese/our-people/1024564>.
290
notes: oiaowu and the Chinese diaspora
93 Simon Dcnyer, The saga of Hong Kong’s abducted booksellers takes a darker
turn', Washington Post, 17 June 2016.
94 Will Koulouris, ‘20 years on, Hong Kong’s return to China a resounding
success: Former Aussie Victoria state premier’, Xinhuanet, 18 July 2017.
95 Ptter Hartcher, ‘China’s treatment of Hong Kong is a lesson for Australia,
The Sydney Morning HeraUi, 11 October 2016.
96 Anon., ‘New Zealand cancels meeting with Hong Kong pro-democracy
advocates on “diplomatic” concerns’, ABC News Online, 21 October 2016.
97 To, Qiaowu, p. 222.
98 Anne-Marie Brady, ‘Magic Weapons: China’s political influence activities
under Xi Jinping’, p. 13.
99 Philip Wen and John Garnaut, ‘Chinese police chase corruption suspects in
Australian suburbs’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 15 April 2015.
100 To, Qiaowu, p. 193.
101 Anon, ‘Businessman wrongly Jailed pursues justice’. South China Morning
Post, 9 December 2004.
102 John Garnaut, ‘China’s rulers team up with notorious “White Wolf” of
Taiwan’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 11 July 2014; Anon., ‘Triad member
behind scuffles between pro-China and pro-independence protesters on
Taiwan university campus’, Synglobe, 25 September 2017; Anon., ‘Zhang
Anle, the Sunflower Movement and the China-Taiwan issue’, Synglobe,
1 April 2014.
103 To, Qiaouru, p. 260.
104 To, Qiaowu, p. 261.
105 Bethany Allen-Ebrahimian, ‘Interpol is helping to enforce China’s political
purges’. Foreign Policy, 21 April 2017.
106 Philip Wen, ‘Operation Fox Hum: Liw council says extradition treaty with
China is “a joke"’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 2 May 2016.
107 Primrose Riordan, ‘China extradition treaty fatal, says freed academic’. The
Australian, 3 April 2017.
108 <\\’\Nw.aic.gov.au/publications/currenr%20series7f;icts71-20/20 l4/4_courts
.html>.
109 Anon., ‘China’s top court rejects judicial independence as “erroneous
thought”’. The Guardian, 26 February 2015.
110 M^n Palin, ‘The realit)’ of human organ harvesting in China’, News.com.an,
14 November 2016.
111 Anon., Hospitals ban Chinese surgeon training’, 1 he Sydney Morning Herald,
5 December 2006.
112 David Hurt, The trouble with John Pilgers The Coming War on China', The
Diplomat, 23 December 2016.
113 Fleur Anderson, Abbot-Turnbull clash jeopardises China link’, Australian
FinancialReiaew, 1-2 April 2017.
291
NOTES: QIAOWU AND THE CHINESE DIASPORA
114 Greg Sheridan, ‘Desperately seeking someone to blame after China fiasa/,
Weekend Australian, 1-2 April 2017.
115 Wen and Garnaut, ‘Chinese police chase corruption suspects in Australian
suburbs’.
116 Wen and Garnaut, ‘Chinese police chase corruption suspects in Australian
suburbs’.
117 Minxin Pei, Chinas Crony Capitalism: The dynamics of regime decay,
Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2016, p. 226.
118 Philip Wen, ‘Operation Fox Hunt: Melbourne grandmother Zhou Shiqin
prosecuted after return to China’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 26 October
2016.
119 Rowan Callick, ‘China tipped to give its spooks a licence to haunt foreign
lands’. The Australian, 4 July 2017.
120 Nigel Inkster, ‘China’s draft intelligence law’, 26 May 2017 <www.iiss.org>.
121 To, pp. 218-19.
122 To, Qiaowu, p. 280.
123 To, Qiaowu, p. 280.
124 Nick O’Malley and Alex Joske, ‘Mysterious Bennelong letter urges Chinese
Australians to “take down” the Turnbull government’. The Sydney Morning
Herald, 13 December 2017: Alex joske, ‘Bennelong byelection: The influen¬
tial network targeting the Turnbull government in Bennelong’, The Sydney
Morning Herald, 15 December 2017.
125 O’Malley and Joske, ‘Mysterious Bennelong letter urges Chinese Australians
to “take down” the Turnbull government’.
126 Anthony Klan, ‘China scare Labor’s only success’. The Australian, 18 December
2017.
127 Fiagerald, ‘Beijing’s guoqing versus Australia’s way of life’.
128 Fitzgerald, ‘Beijing’s gtmjing versus Australia’s way of life’.
Chapter 4 Dark Money
1 Primrose Riordan, ‘China’s local emperor Huang Xiangmo says politics just
\\V.e , AusTrulian Financial Review, 1 September 2016. ^
2 Anon., ‘Honorary President Huang Xiangmo discusses the art of giving,
Shenzhen Chaozhou Chamber of Commerce Online, 29 March 2013,
<chaoshang.org/NewsVicw.asp?NcwslD=327>.
3 Philip Wen and Lucy Macken, ‘Chinese “King of the Mountain” brush with
corruption scandal’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 25 February 2016, Riordan,
‘Chinas local emperor Huang Xiangmo says politics just like sport.
4 <\S^\S"VV. hurun.nct/CN/HuList/ln(iex?num=612C66A2h245>.
5 <hnance.qq.eom/ay 20 i 10729/0060l6.htm>.
6 Anon., ‘Huang Xiangmo visits and expresses his sympathy for the pitiful
masses’, Shenzhen Chaozhou Chamber of Commerce Online, 4 March 2011
<chaoshang.org/NewsView.asp?NewsID=340>; Anon., ‘Hurun publishes
292
notes: dark money
2012 philanthropy list, 3 honorary presidents of our Chamber of Commerce
in the first hundred’, Shenzhen Chnozhou Chamber of Commerce Online,
25 Marcl) 2013 <chaoshang.org/NewsView.asp?NewsID=870>.
7 <financc.qq.com/a/20110401/004847.htm>.
S ov-ww. txcs88.cn/Essay_l 0410.html>.
9 Wen and Macken, ‘Chinese “King of the Mountain” brush with corruption
scandal’.
10 <cpaper.qlwb.com.cn/qlwb/content/20141010/ArticelA06002FM.htm>.
11 <finance.sina.com.cn/360desktop/china/di}j/20141010/121920503512.shtmJ>.
12 Michael Cole, ‘Guangzhou party leader’s fall tied to corrupt real estate deals’,
Mingtiandi, 15 July 2014.
13 Kirsty Needham, ‘Chinese recipient of Huang Xiangmo political donation
gets suspended death sentence’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 7 June 2017.
14 Needham, ‘Chinese recipient of Huang Xiangmo political donation gets
suspended death sentence’.
15 Wen and Macken, ‘Chinese “King of the Mountain” brush with corruption
scandal’.
16 Minxin Pei, China's Crony Capitalism: The dynamics of regime decay,
Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2016.
17 Pei, China’s Crony Capitalism, pp. 1-2.
18 Pei, China's Crony Capitalism, pp. 2-3.
19 Pei, China’s Crony Capitalism, p. 8.
20 Pei, China’s Crony Capitalism, p. 243.
21 Pei, China’s Crony Capitalism, pp. 247-8.
22 Pei, China’s Crony Capitalism, p. 138.
23 Quoted by Pei, China’s Crony Capitalism, p. 116.
24 Pei, China’s Crony Capitalism, p. 117.
25 Pei, China's Crony Capitalism, p. 142.
26 Pei, China’s Crony Capitalism, p. 133.
27 Pei, China’s Crony Capitalism, p. 225.
28 Pei, China’s Crony Qjpitalism, p. 226.
29 Joel Keep and Nila Liu, ‘The defector’, SBS Investigations, SBS News Online,
5 September 2016.
30 Pei, China’s Crony Capitalism, pp. 82, 262.
31 Anon., ‘China voice: catching 14 military “tigers’”, Xinhuanet, 2 March
2015.
32 Pei, Chitui's Crony Capitalism, pp. 6, 262.
33 Frank Fang, ‘Former top Chinese military officer taken away for investiga¬
tion’, The Epoch Times, 12 February 2015.
34 Kenneth Allen, ‘China announces reform of military ranks’, China Brief,
30 Januarv’ 2017.
35 Tania Branigan, ‘China blocks Bloomberg for exposing financial affairs of
Xi Jinping’s family’. The Guardian, 29 June 2012.
293
notes: dark money
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
Li Lingpu and Larry Ong, ‘Chinas Xi set to oust corrupt officials in Hong
Kong’, The Epoch Times, 1-7 December 2016. v ’ TK
Li and Ong. ‘China’s Xi set to oust corrupt officials in Hong Kong. 1 he
Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) is a prcsti^ous
body used to reward patriotic activists and businessmen. It as cen
described by senior leader Jia Qinglin as ‘a patriotic united front or^nisa
tion’ (John Garnaut, ‘Toeing the line’, The Sydney Morning Hera , pt>
2011). > c 1
Li and Ong, ‘China’s Xi set to oust corrupt officials in Hong ong. ee a so
Pei, China’s Crony Capitalism, p. 147.
<www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2017-01/09/content_27894610. tm>.
Jamil Anderlini, ‘The political price of Xi Jinping’s anti-corruption cam¬
paign’, Financial Times, 4 January 2017. ,
Anderlini, ‘The political price of Xi Jinping’s anti-corruption campaign.
Vt\, China’s Crony Capitalism,^. \A9.
Martin Wolf, ‘Too big, too Leninist—a China crisis is a matter ol time,
7/>n«, 13 December 2016. ,
Riordan, ‘Chinas local emperor Huang Xiangmo says politics just like sport.
Gabrielle Chan, ‘Dastyari’s donations reveal a bigger story o in an
largesse’. The Guardian, 7 September 2016.
<www.yuhugroup.com.au/aboutus>.
See, for example, Rowan Callick, 'Non-profit group linked to Chinese
donors’, 5 September 2016.
Huang has denied his Australian organisation is funded by Beijing rimr
Riordan, ‘Sam Dastyari linked political donor resi^gns from
after major review’, Ar^nalian Financial Revietv, 21 September 2016. see also
Primrose Riordan and Lisa Murray, ‘Sam Dastyari linked to Chinese patrioti
force group’, Australian Financial Review, 6 September 2016).
<m\w.chinanews.com/hr/2014/10-31 /6738251 .shtml>.
<\s'\Nw.acpprc.org.au/schinesc/hui/.hang/oiirchairmanl . tm
Brad Norringlon, 'ALP branch accep.s Shorten edict
Chinese businessmen', Th^ Au„n,tim.2\ July 2017; Sean N.cholls and Kam
McClymont, ‘Former NSW treasurer Eric Roozendaa joins Chinese fir
that was a big donor to NSW political parties’. The Sydney Morning Hera ,
4 Februar)'2014. i- • i
Chris Uhlmann and Andrew Greene. ‘Chinese donors to Australian political
parties: Who gave how much?’. ABC News Online, 21 August 2016.
Gina McColl and Philip Wen. ‘Foreign Minister Julie Bishops links to
Chinese political donors’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 23 August 2016.
<https://www.linkcdin.com/in/meijuan-ann.i-wu-751 bb43a/>.
<periodicdisclosurcs.aec.gov.au/Returns/55/SWhQ6.pdl>. . i
Gina McColl, ‘Chinese interests j)lay increasing role in Australian political
donations’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 21 May 2016.
294
notes: dark money
I rnm/v2010/newscletails.asp?id=364>.
58 SiTand McClymont, ‘Former NSW rreasurer Eric Roozendaal joins
Chinese firm’. r- . r. j i • •
59 Nicholls and McClymont. ‘Former NSW treasurer Eric Roozendaal joins
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
5 -to man for access to Chinese com-
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
i>.
Chinese firm’.
Dylan Welch, ‘Ernest Wong: Labor’s go-
niunity’, 7.50, ABC TV. 19 September 2016.
<big5.xinhuanet.eom/gate/big5/www.henan.xinhua.org/xhzt/2007-04/14/
content_9789459.htm>.
<\\'u'\v.fjhk.org.au/cn/aboutus.html>; <http;//www.acpprc.org.au/schinese/
ben.asp>.
<http://w^\'^v. theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/state-politics/labors-
biggest-individual-donor-cant-recall-his-contribution/news-story/02d77420
334a6db3987b91b923964bf9>.
<\\^v-vv. yuhugroup.com.au/aboutus>.
<w\^'^v.yalhugroup.com/v2010/newsdetails.asp?id=344:
<^v\^’\^'.yuhugroup.com/v20l0/newsdetails.asp?id=345>.
<^v^^^v.>alhugroup.com/v2010/newsdetails.asp?id=362>. Huang also founded
and became chairman of the Australian Fellowship of China Guangdong
^odations in October 2014, which combined a few pre-existing Guangdong
Associations (<\vwchinanews.com/hr/2014/10-31 /6738251 .shtml>).
Row'an Cdhck, ‘Australia’s Chinese community: Inscrutable ties to another
<--0103, The Australian, 27 August 2016.
Pei ChMs Crony Capi,alum, p. 260; Br„ce J. Dickson. Wealth into Pouter:
Qeonel7“w' “'T, "/C'/d'wt private sector, Washington, D.C.:
'^eorge Washington University, 2008.
<\vww.y uhugroup.com/v 2010 /newsdetails.asp?id= 399 >
<%ewwyuhugroup.com/v 2010 /ncwsdetails.asp?id=d 03 >
<world.people.com.cn/n 1/2016/0823/c 1002-28659866 html>
<«-N™.^'uhugroup.com/v 201 0/newsde,ails.asp?id.407>
V^l"ht r‘" Center,
weir L- ' f <'’"P«"'-il».>een.cr.org/ar,icWmagic-
weapons-chmas-poli,ica|.inH„ence-ac,ivi,ics-nnder-xl.jinpi„g>, pp. 16-17.
ang has denied his Ausiralian organisation is funded by Beijing.
P "^'•^^PP^^*o*‘g.au/schinese/jinqi/20 1 6/hzhSepl6.html>; <http://
^vj^^Av.acpp^c.org.au/english/7thtermlist.as
tp.//\w\^\.^ ^t^ugroup.com/vlO 10/ne\vs(Jetails.asp?i(i=577>.
<http:/AvA\^v.gqb.gov.cn/news/ 2017 / 0324 / 42073 .shtml>.
e sie Xlunro, Huang Xiangmos pro-China group denies organising Premier
rent-a-cro\vd , The Sydney Moryiing Heraldy 24 March 2017.
<hcrp://\vAV’\v.gqb.gov.cn>.
Bob Carr, Seven steps to tame fears over China, The Australian, 12 December
2017.
295
notes: dark money
81 Australian Electoral Commission returns, from March 2012 to September
2016. Associates are William Chiu, Luo Chuangxiong, Eng Joo Ang anti
Peter Chen.
82 Sean Nicholls, ‘Chinese property firm Yuhu hires ex-deputy premier Andrew
Stoner’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 18 November 2015.
83 <www.globaltimes.cn/content/1003731.shtml>.
84 <world.people.com.cn/n 1/2017/0518/cl 002-2928537 l.html>.
85 McColl and Wen, ‘Foreign Minister Julie Bishop’s links to Chinese political
donors’.
86 <foreignminister.gov.au/speeches/Pages/20l4/jb_sp_l 405 l6.aspx?w=tblCa
GpkPX%2FlS0K%2Bg9ZKEg%3D%3D>.
87 <http://www.cnadc.com.cn/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=show&cati
d=65&id=656>.
88 <trademinister.gov.au/speeches/Pages/20l4/ar_sp_l 40915.aspx?w=0%2F%
2FeXE%2BIYc3HpsIRhV10XA%3D%3D>.
89 <www.yuhugroup.com/v2010/newsdetails.asp?id=408>.
90 Michael Koziol, ‘Union campaign against China FTA branded racist, short¬
sighted’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 21 August 2015.
91 McColl and Wen, ‘Foreign Minister Julie Bishop’s links to Chinese political
donors’.
92 Register of Members’ Interests, 9 December 2013. See also Gina McColl,
‘Chinese interests play increasing role in Australian political donations , The
Sydney Morning Herald, 2 1 May 2016.
93 Dylan Welch, ‘Political donations: Former NSW Labor powerbroker calls for
an end to the funding arms race , ABC News Online, 19 September 2016.
94 Rowan Callick, ‘Overseas Chinese political donors are mystery men in
China’, The Australian, 12 September 2016.
95 Huang Xiangnio, ‘South Cliina Sea: Australia would be rash to confront
China’, Australian Financial Revietv, 1 June 2016.
96 Zhou Bo, ‘Duterte’s genial tone on the South China Sea is just one of many
signs of warmer Sino-Asean ties’. South China Morning Post, 14 November
2016.
97 <http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/inquirer/huang-xiangmo-and-
dastyari-more-than-a-soap-opera/ news-story/5138ad656beb2fc34b0e91246
f48764c>.
98 Primrose Riordan, ‘Huang Xiangmo quits as head of pro-China advocacy
group’. The Australian, 27 November 2017.
99 <acetca.org.au/en/?dt_portfolio=04>. (Note the name in the title, Xue
Shuihua, is incorrect. Shuihua is Shuihe’s brother.)
100 ACETCA’s PRC links are extensive. Among other activities, the association
(which has an office in Sydney’s Chinatown) has paid for students from
\*i’estern Sydney Universit)' and Macquarie University to travel to China. It
was the main organiser of the 2017 Chinese New Year celebrations in Sydney.
296
notes: dark money
101 <acctca.oiB.au/?dt_portfoIio=06>.
102 <\\’\w.decleceblog.com/20 11 /02/03/the-mysterious-dr-chau/>.
103 <periodicdiscIosurcs.aec.gov.au/Donor.aspx?SubmissionId=60&:Client
Id» 20628 &utm_source=TractionNext&:utm_medium=Email&utm_
c»mp;«gn=Insider-Subscribe-010217>.
104 Uhlmann and Greene, ‘Chinese donors to Australian political parties’.
105 <periodicdisclosures.aec.gov.au/Donor.aspx?SubmissionId=60&Client
Id= 20628 &:utm_source=TractionNext&utm_medium=Email&utm_
campaign=Insider-Subscribe-010217>.
106 Macau casino billionaire Stanley Ho and his associates donated $1.6 million
to the Labor Party in 2008-09, mostly to the New South Wales branch, but
Labor was forced to give most of his money back after the ALP conducted a
‘due diligence’. Labor would not give a clear reason but it was suggested at
the time that Ho had his eye on the licence for Sydney’s Star Casino, then up
for renewal (Anon., ‘Labor’s mystery $200k donation’. New Matilda, 12 April
2011; Anon., ‘Was Stanley Ho hedging his bets with the Australian Labor
Party?’, South China Morning Post, 6 February 2009).
107 John Garnaut, ‘Behind the mysterious Dr Chau’, The Sydney Morning Herald,
4 July 2009.
108 <www.files.ethz.ch/isn/l44769/cds_0606.pdf>, p. 17.
109 Garnaut, ‘Behind the mysterious Dr Chau’.
110 Deborah Snow, Nic Christensen and John Garnaut, ‘Chinese billionaire
funding our MPs’, The Age, A June 2009.
111 <list.juwai.com/news/2012/07/nieet-the-chincsc-billionaires-with-australia-
in-their-sights>.
1 12 Email correspondence with John Garnaut, 29 September 2017.
113 <web.archive.org/web/20071201202445/http://www.aacfe.org:80/aboutus
.aspx?id=99>.
114 The popular Yangcheng Evening News is not an official part)- organ but is sub¬
ject to close supervision (<contcmporar)’_chinese_culture.academic.ru/9l6/
Yangcheng_Evening_News>).
115 Garnaut, ‘Behind the mysterious Dr Chau’.
116 John Garnaut, ‘China spreads its watching web of surveillance across
Australia’, The Sydney Morning Heralel, 26 April 2014.
117 <zhengxie.thnet.gov.cn/rhzx/zxjg/200410/810fefa62cc24cb4b64fl 52680
7da366.shtmlohn>; John Garnaut, ‘Toeing the line’, The Sydney Morning
13 April 2011.
118 <sttzb.shantou.gov.cn/demeanor_s.asp?lD=78>.
119 Gerr)’ Groot, ‘The e.xpansion of the United Front under Xi Jinping’, The
China Story, Yearbook 2015, Austmlian Centre on China in the World.
120 Statement of Claim, Chau Chak Wing v The .Australian Broadcasting
Corporation and ORS, Federal Court of Australia (NSW Registry), 5 July
2017.
297
notes: dark money
121 Simon Benson, 'Chinese billionaire hits back at ASIO: 1 m not a communist
agent’, The Australian^ 27 June 2017.
122 Nick McKenzie and Richard Baker, "Wikilcaked: Billionaire Australian
donor’s Beijing links detailed in “sensitive diplomatic cable, 7he Sydney
Morning Herald, 16 July 2015.
123 John Garnaut, ‘Are Chau Chak Wing’s circles of influence in Australia-China
ties built on hot air?’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 16 October 2015.
124 <www.proversepublishing.com/authors/uren_roger>.
125 Liang Zhen, ‘UN bribery scandal implicates CCP’s Jiang faction, The Epoch
Times, 31 March 2016.
126 <www. justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/former-head-foundation-sentenced-20'
months-prison-bribing-then-ambassador-and-president>.
127 Garnaut, ‘Are Chau Chak Wing’s circles of influence in Australia-China ties
built on hot air?’.
128 Kaja Whitehouse, ‘Troubled ex-UN official dies after barbell falls on his
neck’. New York Post, 23 June 2016.
129 Defence document lodged by the ABC, Fairfax Media and Nick McKenzie in
the Federal Court of Australia, NSW District, 29 September 2017
130 Primrose Riordan, ‘China backs Zhu’s private Sydney college’, Australian
Financial Review, 15 April 2013.
131 <periodicdisclosures.aec.gov.au/Returns/60/VTEL6.pdfi>.
132 Wendy Bacon and Ben Eltham write that other donations have been made in
ways that need not be declared (A top education?, New Matilda, 2 September
2016). In 2014-15 the ALP’s returns initially listed Top Education Institute’s
address as ‘Dr Minshen Zhu—CEO and Principal GOl, 1 Central Ave,
Australian Technology Park’. These were later amended to remove Zhu’s
name.
133 <Nv%vNv.chinaqw.com/node2/nodell6/nodel22/nodel74/userobject6ai3564
.html>.
134 <NV'NHw.chinaqw.com/node2/nodell6/nodel22/nodel74/userobject6ai3564
.html>.
135 <\sww.citic.com/AbourUs/History>.
136 Gerry Groot, Managing Transitions: The Chinese Communist Party, United
Front Work, Corporatism and Hegemony, Abingdon: Routledge, 2004, p. 108.
137 <wNVNv.chinaqw.com/node2/nodell6/nodel22/nodel74/userobject6ai3564
.html>.
138 <NVNVNV.cpaml.org/postingl.php?id=4l4>.
139 Lisa Murray and Primrose Riordan, ‘China singled out Sam Dastyari as one
of the country’s key international supporters’, Australian Financial Review,
September 2016.
140 <NVNVNv.lcm.chinanews.com.cn/2001-08-21/2/12.html>. ^
141 Madalina Hubert, ‘Ex-envoy details Chinese regime’s overseas scheme’. The
Epoch Times, 10 September 2015.
298
NOTES: DARK MONEY
142 <Nv>\'w.fcm.chinancws.com.cn/2001 -08-21 121 12.html>.
143 <w\wv.cliinaqw.com/node2/node 116/node 122/node 174/userobject6ai3564
.html>.
144 <\v>v\v.fcm.chinanews.com.cn/2001 -08-21 111 12.html>.
145 <http://www.acpprc.org.au/english/2ndtermlist.asp>.
146 Eryk Bagshaw, Top Education; Company at centre of donations furore
a beneficiary of streamlined visa program’, The Sydney Morning Herald^
10 September 2016.
147 <\vww.xzbu.com/7/view-2956207.htm>.
148 <en.people.cn/90001 /90777/90856/6622207.html>.
149 •cwww.xzbu.eom/7/view-2956207.htm>.
150 <www.top.edu.au/news/dr-minshen-zhu-of-top-education-attended-
the-2nd-meeting-of-chinese-ministerial-consuItative-committee-at-the-
parliament-house-in-canberra>.
151 Ladka Bourke, Labor Senator Sam Dastyari had Chinese interests foot the
bill for travel entitlement repayment’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 30 August
2016.
152 James Nlassola, Chinese donor the Yuhu Group steps in to help Sam Dastyari’,
The Sydney Morning Herald, 27 March 2015; Kelsey Monroe, ‘Sam Dastyari
donor steps down from universitys China centre over “supposed Chinese
influence”’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 22 September 2016; Peter Martin,
Chinas gifts, research, special bonds” and Sam Dastyari’s ghost from his
past’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 7 September 2016.
153 Some on the Labor Right have not discarded their anti-communism. Many
on the Left have no sympathy for any kind of dictatorship and they are deeply
concerned about the drift of the part^' under the influence of foreign money.
Stephen Conroy, Kim Beazley and John Faulkner are reported to be among
them.
154 Primrose Riordan, ‘Sam Das^ari pledges to support China on South China
Sea beside Labor donor’, Australian Financial Review, ?>\ August 2016.
155 Riordan, ‘Sam Dast>'ari pledges to support China on South China Sea beside
Labor donor’.
156 Murray and Riordan, China singled out Sam Dastyari as one of the country’s
key international supporters’.
157 Sid Maher and Rosie Lewis, China sea conflict interested Labor senator Sam
Dastyari’, The Australian, 3 September 2016.
158 Quoted by Nick Bryant, ‘Sam Dastyari tries to fix the ALP’, The Monthly,
July 2013.
159 Fergus Hunter, Cash for comment : Malcolm Furnbull questions Sam
Dast>'ari over China money’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 2 September 2016.
160 <s'’\'-'v.abc.net.au/news/ 2017 - 06 - 05 /asio-china-spy-raid/ 8589094 >.
161 Ror)' Medcalf, Sam Dast\'aris South China Sea support is a big deal and a
timely warning’, Austmlian Financial Review, 5 September 2016.
299
NOTES: DARK MONEY
162 Nick McKenzie, James Mxssola and Richard Baker, ‘Dastyari 5 bug warning*.
The Age, 29 November 2017.
163 Adam Gartrell, ‘“Whose side is he on?”: Malcolm Turnbull says Sam Dastyari
should be sacked’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 29 November 2017.
164 Nick O’Malley, Philip Wen and Michael Koziol, ‘Give and take’. The Sydney
Morning Herald, 10-11 September 2016.
165 Medcalf, ‘Sam Dastyari’s South China Sea support is a big deal and a timely
warning’.
166 <www.globaltimes.cn/content/1004234.shtml>.
167 <ww'w.globaltimes.cn/content/997320.shtml>.
168 A version of this section, written by Alex Joske and the author, was published
as ‘Political netw'orking the Chinese way—a Sydney MP and his “community
adviser”’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 22 June 2017.
169 Primrose Riordan, ‘NSW Labor leader echoes Chinese criticism of Australian
media’. The Australian, TJ September 2017.
170 Brad Norrington, ‘NSW Labor rising star’s wife, pro-Beijing staffer in China
venture’. The Australian, 15 June 2017.
171 Interview'with Alex Joske, 19 June 2017.
172 <www.shyouth.net/html/zuzhibu/l_tjs_Lijie/2009-07-09/Detail_384l6
.htm>.
173 Interview with the author, 18 June 2017.
174 <wwv.'.aucnlinks.com/chairman.asp>.
175 PDF of Yang Dongdong’s CV from <aucnlinks.com/chairman_detail.asp>,
saved 30 November 2016.
176 PDF of Yang Dongdong’s CV.
177 Yang Dongdong declined to answer questions when phoned by Alex Joske,
saying he was too busy to speak.
178 PDF of Yang Dongdong’s CV.
179 <v,'ww.chinaqw.com/hqhr/hrdt/200804/11/113213.shtml>.
180 <www.zhongguotongcuhui.org.cn/hnwtchdt/201506/t20150609_9990253
.html>; <www.acpprc.org.au/schinese/jinqi/2009/rall)-'09.html>.
181 <w'ww.chinatow'n.com.au/news_59551 .html>.
182 <localstats.com.au/demographics/federal-electorate/reid>.
183 <ww'w'.sydneytoday.com/content-833106>; <http://www.sbs.com.au/your
language/mandarin/zh-hans/article/2016/07/04/jin-nian-da-xuan-hua-ren-
zhi-yuan-zhe-zhu-xuan-xing-zhi-gao-zhangdanguage=zh-hans>.
184 Doug Hendrie, ‘How a Chinese-language social media campaign hurt Labors
election chances’. The Guardian, 9 July 2016.
185 <achina.com.au/bencandy.php?fid=4l&id=8431>.
186 <achina.com.au/bencandy.php?fid=41 &id=8810>; <www.mofcom.gov.cn/
article/i/jyjl/1/201610/20161001406128.shtml>.
187 <mp.w'eLxin.qq.com/s/uW2PCNK0xdSraflvV0xolw>.
188 <world.people.com.cn/n/2014/0307/cl002-24557722.html>.
300
notes: dank moni-y
189 <mp.wclxln.qq.com/8/o7(jy3HMI 11 IA()inSYIU|KIIiCg>,
190 Litlkn Uourkc, 'Cllvc Palmer apologises for Cliitta comments in which he
referred to Chinese "mongrels’’’, The Sydney Afornhiff / hrnld, 26 August 2014.
191 <www.aowcihang.com/vlcw/31 IHH756/>.
192 Fergus Hunter, 'Sam D.istyarl contradicted Labor policy, hacked China’s
position in sea dispute at event with donor’. The Sydney Morning Herald,
1 September 2016.
193 James Robertson and Li.sa Vi.scntin, ‘"Adviser" with tics to Chinese com¬
munist lobbyist drops out of council race’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 24
June 2017.
Chapter 5 ‘Beijing Bob’
1 Huang Xiangmo said that he ‘personally appointed’ Bob Carr to the ACRI
post (Primrose Riordan, ‘China’s local emperor Huang Xiangmo says
politics just like sport’, Australian Financial Review, 1 September 2016). On
1 September 2017, in response to some emailed questions, Bob Carr wrote to
the author that he was chosen and appointed by the university.
2 <\vww.yuhugroup.com/v2010/newsdctails.asp?id=4l4>.
3 <https://tinyurl.com/y78mcqcw>.
4 Primrose Riordan, ‘Bob Carr’s China research used to justify FTA, AIIB
xntmhcTs\\\p, Australian Financial Review, 5 September 2016.
5 Anon., ‘Xi’s speech at Belt & Road forum wins broad approval overseas’,
Pakistan Observer, May 2016.
6 Nick O’Malley, Philip Wen and Michael Koziol, ‘Give and take’. The Sydney
Morning Herald, 10-11 September 2016.
7 Tony Stephens, ‘Rally speakers decry fascism’. The Sydney Morning Herald,
7 June 1989.
8 Bob Carr, Diary of a Foreign Minister, Sydney: NewSouth Publishing, 2014,
p. 140.
9 Bob Carr, ‘Australia needs a think tank that sees hope in partnership with
China’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 11 September 2016.
10 Anon., ‘The influence of the People’s Republic of China on Australian
universities’. Parliament House research, September 2017, and author
converstttions.
11 <\v\vw.uts.edu.au/sites/default/files/gsu-aboututs-pdf-annualreport-l S-roo
.pdf>, p. 34.
12 <\\Avw.alumni.uts.edu.au/news/ tower/issue-11 / the-new-silk-road>.
13 ‘The establishment of ACRI was made possible by the generous donations of
Chinese philanthropists and entrepreneurs, Xiangmo Huang and Chulong
Zhou’ (<w\v’Nv.alumni.uts.edu.au/ne\vs/tower/issue-l l/the-new-silk-road>.
It adds: ‘“We share a vision to produce high-quality research that will have
worthwhile results for both our countries’ relationships in important business
and societal spheres,” said Mr Huang.’
301
notes; 'BEIJING BOB'
14 Primrose Riordan, ‘Sam Dastyari-1 inked political donor resigns from Bob
Carr institute after major review’, Austruliun Financial Review, 21 September
2016.
15 Riordan, ‘China’s local emperor Huang Xiangmo says politics just like
sport’.
16 Louise Yaxley, ‘Malcolm Turnbull questions Sam Dastyaris loyalty amid
claims he passed security information to Chinese donor, ABC News Online,
29 November 2017.
17 Gerry Groot, ‘The expansion of the United Front under Xi Jinping’, The
China Story, Yearbook 2015, Australian Centre on China in the World.
18 <www.australiachinarelations.org/about'US>.
19 In his emailed reply to the author, Carr says that ACRI has ‘gone above
and beyond standard obligations for an institution wholly housed within a
university’.
20 Quoted by Matthew Knott and Heath Aston, ‘Don’t become “propaganda
vehicles” for China: Universities warned over donations’. The Sydney Morning
8 September 2016.
21 Riordan, ‘Sam Dasryari-linked political donor resigns from Bob Carr insti¬
tute after major review’.
22 <www.australiachinarelations.org/about-us>.
23 Email response to the author, 1 September 2017.
24 Philip Wen, ‘Former foreign minister Bob Carr photograph “raised eye¬
brows’”, The Sydney Morning Herald, 26 February 2016.
25 Stephen McDonnell, ‘Carr’s challenge on Tibet’, The Drum, ABC News
Online, 12 March 2012.
26 Email response to the author, 1 September 2017.
27 Email response to the author, 1 September 2017.
28 <www.uts.edu.au/sites/default/files/gsu-aboututs-pdf-annualreport-l4-roo
. • c k
29 Bob Carr mentions Huang and ‘15 Australian corporates in a eptem er
2016 opinion piece, but does not mention his second biggest benefactor
(Carr, ‘Australia needs a think tank that sees hope in partnership with China L
When 1 asked him about this he wrote that Mr Zhou has never asked that his
name be kept out of the media.
30 <www.chinanews.com/gj/2014/05-16/6181200.shtml>.
31 Lucy Macken, ‘Access all areas, bought via Beauty Point’, The Sydney Morning
Herald, 2 November 2013.
32 Philip Wen and Lucy Macken, ‘Chinese “King of the Mountain” brush with
corruption scandal’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 25 February 2016.
33 Catherine Armitage, ‘Falun Gong ban hits uni earnings’. The Australian,
12 September 2005; Sarah Martin, ‘Bob Carr’s think tank operating as
Chinese propaganda arm ”, The Australian, 9 September 2016.
34 Martin, ‘Bob Carr’s think tank “operating as Chinese propaganda arm”’.
302
notes: 'BEIJING BOB’
35 Knott and Aston, ‘Don’t become “propaganda vehicles” for China: Univer¬
sities warned over donations’.
36 John Fitzgerald, ‘Accommodating China’s interests in Australia business as
usual’. The Australian, 2 September 2016.
37 Hagar Cohen, ‘Australian universities the latest battleground in Chinese soft
power offensive’. Background Briefing, ABC Radio, 14 October 2016.
38 Quoted by Knott and Aston, ‘Don’t become “propaganda vehicles” for China’.
39 Anon., ‘Dim Sam won’t stop Wong show’. The Australian, 9 September 2016.
40 Kelsey Monroe, ‘Sam Dastyari donor steps down from university’s China
centre over “supposed Chinese influence’”. The Sydney Morning Herald, 22
September 2016.
41 Riordan, ‘Sam Dastyari-linked political donor resigns from Bob Carr insti¬
tute after major review’.
42 <http://www.australiachinarelations.org/about-us>.
43 <https://www.uts.edu.au/staff/leo-mian.liu>.
44 <http://ww\v.acpprc.org.au/english/events/youth2015.asp>. This suggests
that ACRI may be managed like a Confucius Institute, each of which has a
‘foreign director’ and a ‘Chinese director’. The foreign director is the public
fiice and the Chinese director is the power behind the throne (<http://english
,hanban.org/node_7877.htm>).
45 Interview with Alex Joske, 25 September 2017
46 <http://www.acpprc.org.au/schinese/jinqi/2015/YconMay 15.html>.
47 <http://www.acpprc.org.au/schinese/jinqi/2015/YconMayl5.html>.
48 <hrtp://australia.people.com.cn/n 1 /2017/0402/c408038-29186436.html>.
49 <http://politics.people.com.en/n/2015/0903/cl001-27544025.html>.
50 Interview with Elena Collinson, senior project and research officer at ACRI,
17 July 2017.
51 Emailed response to questions from the author, 1 September 2017.
52 <www.alumni.uts.edu.au/news/tower/issue-l l/the-new-silk-road>.
53 Emailed response to questions from the author, 1 September 2017.
54 Anon., ‘Former Australian FM hails new level in Sino-Australian ties’, China
Daily, 19 November 2014.
55 Anon., ‘China-Australia relations’. Global Times, 10 December 2016.
56 <world.people.com.cn/n 1/2016/0813/c 1002-28634074.html>.
57 <world.people.com.cn/n/2015/0102/c 1002-26312099.html>.
58 <http://world.people.com.en/n/2015/0102/cl002-263l2099.html>.
59 Bob Carr, ‘Why Australia is missing the strategic train in Asia’, Australian
Financial Review, 14 September 2017.
60 <world.people.com.cn/n/2014/0729/c 1002-25363671-2.html>.
61 Bob Carr, ‘Australia, China, and the lunacy of Trump’s talk of trade war’, The
Guardian, 26 November 2016.
62 James Laurenceson, ‘China isn’t Australia’s biggest trade problem: It’s the US’,
The Sydney Morning Herald, 30 November 2016.
303
notes: ‘BEIJING BOB’
63 Primrose Riordan, ‘Australia “slaughtered” without Beijing links under Trump,
Huang Xiangmo warns’, Aicstralian Financial Review, 12 December 2016.
64 <world.people.com.cn/n/2015/0903/cl002-27543874,html>.
65 Carr, Diary of a Foreign Minister.
66 Dylan Welch, ‘Ernest Wong: Labor’s go-to man for access to Chinese com¬
munity’, 7.30, ABC TV, 19 September 2016.
67 Jamie Smyth, ‘China’s $10bn propaganda push spreads Down Under,
Financial Times, 9 June 2016.
68 Prashanth Parameswaran, ‘Beware China’s political warfare campaign against
US, allies: Experts’, The Diplomat, 10 October 2015. Liu Qibao has said:
‘Experience has shown that it is better when Chinas cultural products are
“sold out” rather than “sent out , prompting Chinas state-owned cultural
organisations to make strategic acquisitions of Western cultural enterprises.
See further at: Anne-Marie Brady, ‘China’s foreign propaganda machine’,
Wilson Center, Washington, D.C., 26 October 2015 <www.wilsoncenter
.org/article/chinas-foreign-propaganda-machine#sthash.LM2r2qad.dpuf>.
69 John Fitzgerald and Wanning Sun, ‘Australian media deals are a victory for
Chinese propaganda’. The Interpreter, Lowy Institute, 31 May 2016.
70 Brady, ‘China’s Foreign Propaganda Machine’.
71 John Fitzgerald quoted in Smith, ‘China’s $10bn propaganda push sprea
Down Under’.
72 Philip Wen, ‘China’s propaganda arms push soft power in Australian media
deals’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 31 May 2016.
73 Fitzgerald and Sun, ‘Australian media deals are a victory for Chinese
74 <http:^/w\sw.scio.gov.cn/zxbd/wz/Document/l 456644/I456644.htm>.
75 Anon., ‘China tells journalists to learn “Marxist news values’ , Reuters,
30 August 2014. . L ’ TA
76 Ross Gittins, ‘Australia and China, a partnership facing massive change , e
Sydney Morning Herald, 20 August 2016; Ross Gittins, Australia not
China’s Silk Road expansion of trade, for now’. The Sydney Morning Hera ,
31 July 2016; <www.rossgittins.com/20 l6/08/fast-moving-china-is ig
and-bold-we.html>; Ross Gittins, ‘China will keep doing its own thing, The
Sydney Morning Herald,?)^ ]w\y ^
77 Andrew Clark, ‘China: It’s got so big it changes everything ,
Financial Review, 15 August 2016; Andrew Clark, ‘Australia will be buffeted
as China makes a priority of looking after its own’, Australian Financial
Review, 21 July 2016; Andrew Clark, ‘China and Australias complicated
security arrangement’, Australian Financial Review, 25 August 2016; Andrevv
Clark, ‘Xi Jinping’s balancing act between the old and the new economy,
Australian Financial Review, 30 July 2016. i u i a-
78 Simon Denyer. ‘Money can’t buy happiness: Why a massive rise in wealth lett
Chinese people less happy’, Washington Post, 23 March 2017.
304
notes: 'BEIJING BOB'
79 Brian Toohey, A better way of going to war’, Australian Financial Review,
21 July 2016. See also: Brian Toohey, China’s private sector investing heavily
in R&D , Australian Financial Review, 1 August 2016; Brian Toohey, *Xi’s
technocratic crackdown risks Chinas growth’, Australian Financial Review,
8 August 2016; Brian Toohey, Why suddenly so anxious about foreign capi¬
tal?’, Australian Financial Review, 22 August 2016; Brian Toohey, ‘Ignore all
the fearmongering on Beijing ties’, Australian Financial Review, 6 September
2016; Brian Toohey, Ausgrid denies provision of “critical” service’, Australian
Financial Review, 15 August 2016; Brian Toohey, ‘Ausgrid rejection displays
disturbing ignorance’, Australian Finaancial Review, 15 August 2016.
80 Glenda Korporaal, China warns Australia not to join US patrols in South
China Sea, The Australian, 19 July 2016; Glenda Korporaal, ‘Let’s tread
carefully on South China Sea ruling’. The Australian, 27 July 2016; Glenda
Korporaal, ‘Bob Carr warns on alienating China over South China Sea
patrols’. The Australian, 26 July 2016.
81 Shane Wright, ‘China warms on islands row’. The West Australian, 20 July
2016.
82 <http://news.xinhuanet.eom/zgjx/20l6-08/l l/c_135585550.htm>.
[‘Impressions from visiting China: Why were Australian journalists moved
to say their “expectations were exceeded’”, All-China Journalists Association
Online, 11 August 2016.
83 John Wallace, ‘What’s good for Rupert Murdoch should be good for Chau
Chak Wing’, Australian Financial Revieiv, 8 August 2017.
84 Malcolm Farr, ‘Bob Carr’s backroom manouevering ends Chinese nightmare
for Sydney academic’, News.com.au, 3 April 2017; Troy Bramston, ‘Megaphone
diplomacy with China will always foil: Bob Carr’, The Australian, 1 April 2017.
85 <soundcloud.com/user-340830825/feng-chongyi-research-is-not-a-dinner-
party>.
86 ^'Tien an ABC reporter tweeted about the Feng Chongyi interview, Carr was
indignant at the suggestion that he claimed to have secured Feng’s release. He
demanded an apology and complained to the director of ABC News.
Chapter 6 Trade, invest, control
1 Chinese political scientist Xie Guijua in ‘d 1 lAAD can be halted under Moon
govt’, Gbbal Times, 21 May 2017.
2 <data.worldbank.org/indicator/NL. KXP.G NFS.ZS>.
3 <fred.stlouisfed.org/scries/B020RLl Q156NBFA>.
4 <TIN-How-dependent-are-Australian-exports-to-China.pdf>.
5 <TIN-How-dependent-are-Australian-cxports-to-China.pdf>.
6 Rory Medcalf (ed.), ‘China’s economic leverage: Perception and reality’.
National Security College, ANU, Policy Options Paper no. 2, 2017.
7 <dfot.gov.au/trade/agreements/chafta/official-documents/documents/chafta-
chapter-9-investment.pdf>.
305
notes: trade, invest, control
8 «^fi't'gov.au/trade/agreements/chafta/fact-sheets/pagcs/key-outcomcs.aspx>.
9 KPMG, Demystifying Chinese Investment in Australia, report by KPMG and
the University of Sydney, 2017.
10 KPMG, Demystifying Chinese Investment in Australia.
11 Australian Tax Office, ‘Register of Foreign Ownership of Agricultural Land:
Report of registrations as at 30 June 2017’, Australian Tax Office, Canberra,
2017.
12 Anon., ‘China’s agricultural challenges: Roads to be travelled’. Price
waterhouseCoopers, London, November 2015.
13 Brad Thompson, ‘Chinese lining up for Australian agriculture businesses:
HSBC’, Australian Financial Review, 17 December 2017.
14 US$7.1 billion in 2015-16 to US$16.2 billion (converted at an exchange
of A$1=US$0.79). Greater China includes Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.
Source: Mergermarket Infographic.
15 Glenda Korporaal, ‘Find an Aussie partner, Howard tells potential Chinese
investors’. The Australian, 17 March 2017. The official Xinhua News Agency
took up Howard’s call with alacrity: <news.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-
03/17/c_136l35799.htm>.
16 Peter Drysdale, ‘Chinese state-owned enterprise investment in Australia, East
Asia Forum, 25 August 2014.
17 Linda Jakobson and Andrew Parker, ‘High time for proper debate on Chinese
investment’, The Australian, 25 February 2016. They add: ‘Having party
connections is integral to the way Chinese society functions.
18 See <http://chinamatters.org.au/our-supporters/>.
19 Geoff Wade, ‘Chinese investment in Australia needs closer scrutiny’. The
Australian, 9 March 2016.
20 Greg Levesque, ‘China’s evolving economic statecraft, The Diplomat, 12 April
2017.
21 Against all this, James Reilly manages to argue—after setting out in some
detail how China is uniquely able to apply economic coercion using tools no
other nation possesses—that China’s economic statecraft lacks coherence, and
Australia has little to worry about (James Reilly, Chinas economic statecraft.
Turning wealth into power’, Lowy Institute, undated).
22 Drysdale, ‘Chinese state-owned enterprise investment in Australia.
23 Yi-Zheng Lian, ‘China, the party-corporate complex’. The New York Times,
12 February 2017 (emphasis added).
24 Lu Bingyang and Teng Jing Xuan, ‘Train manufacturer merges jobs of chair
man, party secretary’, Caixin, 28 November 2016.
25 Wei Yu, ‘Party control in China’s listed firms’. School of Accountancy, The
Chinese University of Hong Kong, January 2009 (unpublished) <admin
.darden.virginia.edu/emUpload/uploaded2009/party_secretary(yuwei)
(full_version). pdfi>.
306
notes: trade, invest, control
26 ovAnv.globaltimcs.cn/content/1024360.shtml>. See also Lu and Teng, ‘Train
manufacturer merges jobs of chairman, party secretary’,
27 GNNynne Guilford, ‘Jack Ma: Mowing down demonstrators in Tiananmen
Square was the “correct decision’”. Quartz, 17 July 2013.
28 Paul Keating believes that China is not interested in challenging American
hegemony, but is relaxed about what he sees as China’s plan to ‘colonise’
economically fifty or so states to its west. See Christian Edwards, ‘Keating’s
China bank plans “economic colonisation’”, Australian Banking and Finance,
2016.
29 John Garnaut, ‘Chinese diplomats run rings around Australia’, The Sydney
Morning Herald, 27 March 2015.
30 Quoted by Garnaut, ‘Chinese diplomats run rings around Australia’.
31 John Garnaut, ‘Chinese military woos big business’. The Sydney Morning
Herald, 25 May 2013.
32 Anon., ‘Fact check: Does the China Free Trade Agreement threaten Australian
jobs?’, ABC News Online, 13 August 2015.
33 Primrose Riordan, ‘Bob Carr’s research used to justify FTA’, Australian
Financial Review, 5 September 2016.
34 Anon,, ‘Fact check’.
35 ‘A coup for Australia’: ABC Radio National, The World Today, 10 November
2014. A bad idea: ‘Why an Australian FTA with China has never stacked up’.
The Conversation, 22 October 2013.
36 GeofFWade, ‘Visa and industrial sector traps lurk in the ChAFTA’, The
Drum, ABC News Online, 1 December 2015.
37 <dfat.gov.au/trade/agreements/chafta/ofricial-documents/Pages/ofricial-
documents.aspx>.
38 Nick McKenzie, Richard Baker and Chris Uhlmann, ‘Liberal Andrew Robb
took $880k China job as soon as he left parliament’. The Age, 6 June 2017.
39 Ian Verrender, ‘Australia’s FTA experience backs up Treasurer’s Ausgrid
decision’, ABC News Online, 15 August 2016.
40 Peter Martin, ‘Free trade agreements “preferential” and dangerous, says
Productivity Commission’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 24 June 2015.
41 GeofFWade, ‘Are we fully aware of China’s ChAFTA aspirations?’. The Drum,
ABC News Online, 1 December 2015.
42 ^heping Huang, Chinese president Kj Jinping has vowed to lead the “new
world order’”. Quartz, 22 February 2017.
43 <w\v^v.globaltimes.cn/content/927245.shtml>.
44 Eric Lorber, ‘Economic coercion, with a Chinese twist’. Foreign Policy,
28 February 2017; Anon., Ralls Corps Oregon wind farms blocked by
President Obama’, Huffington Post, 28 November 2012.
45 Sarah Danckert, FIRB chairman Brian Wilson suspends himself as adviser to
Carlyle investment house’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 5 October 2016.
307
notes: trade, invest, control
46 Extensive Chinese investment in health care also warrants attention See
for example, <www.corrs.com.au/thinking/insights/chinese'invcstmcnt*in*
australia-the-rooster-crows-before-sunrise-breaks-the'(iawn/>.
47 Chris Uhlmann, ‘Chinese investment in Australia’s power grid explained’,
ABC News Online, 21 August 2016; Phillip Coorey, ‘Scott Morrison sayi
Ausgrid sale to Chinese contrary to the national interest’, Australian Financial
Review, 11 August 2016.
48 Brett Foley, Perry Williams and Prudence Ho, ‘Chow Tai Fook adds Australia
power firm to property, jewelry’, Bloomberg, 16 March 2017.
49 Peter Jennings, ‘Security crucial when leasing assets to foreign companies’.
The Australian, 20 October 2015.
50 Joe Kelly, ‘Ausgrid: Economic “populism behind decision”, says Bob Carf,
The Australian, 12 August 2016.
51 <news.xinhuanet.com/english/20l6-08/12/c_135590666.htm>.
52 Jessica Gardner, ‘DUET backs $74b takeover bid from Li Ka-shings Cheung
Kong Infrastructure’, Australian Financial Review, 16 January 2017; Eric Ng,
‘Cheung Kong Infrastructure’s bid for Duet faces tough scrutiny in Canberra,
say analysts’, South China Morning Post, 1 December 2016.
53 Australian Cyber Security Centre, 2017 Threat Report, Australian Cyber
Security Centre, Canberra, 2017, p. 48.
54 John Kerin, ‘Chinese hackers could shut down Australian power grid, w^ns
former spy boss David Irvine’, Australian Financial Review, 9 March 2015.
55 <i-hls.com/archives/6l 652>.
56 <www.energynetworks.com.au/about-us/board-of-directors>.
57 <www.energynetworks.com.au/sites/default/files/key_concepts_report_
20l6.pdf>. cc • I •
58 For example, its chair from 2001-10, Qin Xiao, served as a party o ci m
Beijing and is related through his sister to the princelings.
59 <wv\'w.northqueenslandregister.com.au/story/3365767/nq-trade-with china
moves-forward/>. .
60 <www.tiq.qld.gov.au/ ch i n ese-del egation-expl ore-op port uni ties wi
townsville-and-north-queensland/>.
61 <rajcairnsreport.wordpress.eom/2013/03/19/another-labor-mayor causing
problems-cox-and-hill-in-tit-for-tat-spat-townsville-bulletin-news/>. ^ ^
62 Lisa Murray, ‘China eyes new Sydney airport as part of “belt and road’ plan ,
Australian Financial Review, 28 May 2017.
63 ‘A national fibreoptic backbone will be built for Pakistan not only for internet
traffic ... but also for terrestrial distribution of broadcast TV, which wi ^
cooperate with Chinese media in the “dissemination of Chinese culture
<indianexpress.com/article/india/china-pakjstan-economic-corridor-politics
security-risk-amid-sweeping-china-influence-4657511/>.
64 Anon., ‘Backing Big Brother: Chinese facial recognition firms appeal to
funds’, Reuters, 13 November 2017.
308
notes: trade, invest, control
(i5 One of the best sources, with an Australian focus, is Geoff Wade, ‘Chinas “One
Belt. One Road” initiative’. Parliamentary Library briefing, Canberra, 2016,
<https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/
Pariiamentary_Library/pubs/BriefingBook45p/ChinasRoad>.
66 <\\^\'w.youtube.com/watch?v=3W_vp3FKdIg>.
67 Ou Xiaoli, ‘Laying the foundations for China’s “One Beit, One Road”’, South
China Morning Post, 25 November 2015.
68 Wendy Wu, ‘How the Communist Party controls China’s state-owned indus¬
trial titans’, South China Morning Post, 17 June 2017.
69 Christopher K. Johnson, ‘President Xi Jinping’s “Belt and Road” initiative:
A practical assessment of the Chinese Communist Party’s roadmap for
China’s global resurgence’, Center for Strategic and International Studies,
Washington, D.C., March 2016.
70 Anon., ‘China offers wisdom in global governance’, Xinhuanet, 6 October
2017.
71 Ben Blanchard and Elizabeth Piper, ‘China invites Britain to attend new Silk
Road summit: Sources’, Reuters, 8 February 2017. Bloomberg notes that
AIIB ‘is central to President Xi Jinping’s ambition to seek a bigger voice in
global affairs and deeper economic integration with its neighbors’ (<www
.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-06-24/china-led-aiib-announces-first-
loans-in-xi-push-for-influence>).
72 Wade, ‘China’s “One Belt, One Road” initiative’.
73 Wade Shepard, ‘China’s “New Silk Road” is derailed in Sri Lanka by political
chaos and violent protests’, Forbes, 21 February 2017.
74 Jessica Me>^ers, ‘Sri Lankans who once embraced Chinese investment are now
vtzry of Chinese domination’, Los Angeles Times, 25 February 2017.
75 Bharatha Mallawarachi, ‘Sri Lanka, China sign long-delayed $ 1.5 billion port
deal’, Washington Post, 29 July 2017.
76 Brahma Chellaney in <wvw.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2015/03/09/commentary/
world-commentar}'/the-silk-glove-for-chinas-iron-fist/#.WKOicBFOVltA>.
77 Michael Fumento, ‘As the U.S. sleeps, China conquers Latin America’, Forbes,
15 October 2015.
78 Andrea Ghiselli, ‘The Belt, the Road and the PLA’, China Brief, The
Jamestown Foundation, vol. 15, no. 20, 19 October 2015.
79 Ghiselli, ‘The Belt, the Road and the Iff A’.
80 Andrew Erickson and Conor Kennedy, ‘China’s maritime militia’, CNA
Corporation, 7 March 2016.
81 Anon., ‘Pentagon says China’s PLA expanding its global footprint’. The
Economic Times, 13 June 2017 <economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/
international/world-news/pentagon-says-chinas-pla-expanding-its-global-
footprint/articIeshow/59119655.cms>.
82 Geoff Wade, Landbridge, Darwin and the PRC’, The Strategist, Australian
Strategic Policy Institute, 9 November 2015.
309
notes: trade, invest, control
83 Ghiselli, ‘The Belt, the Road and the PLA’.
84 Michael Sainsbury, ‘Australia stuck in the middle of Chinas latest attempt at
“empire-building”’, Crikey, 15 May 2017.
85 <news.xinhuanet.com/world/20l4-l l/17/c_l 113285659_2.htm>,
86 <news.xinhuanet.com/english/2015-l l/16/c_134822370.htm>,
87 <roll.sohu.com/20150814/n418857073.shtml>.
88 <au.china-embassy.org/eng/gdxw/tl289130.htm>.
89 Rowan Callick, ‘One Belt, One Road China advisory group launches in
Melbourne’, The Australian, 27 May 2017.
90 Callick, ‘One Belt, One Road China advisory group launches in Melbourne’.
91 <ciw.anu.edu.au/events/event_details.php?id=l6356>.
92 <www.china-un.ch/eng/wjyw/11437164.htm>.
93 Rowan Callick, ‘Investor certainty pledge to China’, The Australian, 21
February 2017.
94 Primrose Riordan, ‘Andrew Robb under fire for pushing China’s One Belt
One Road policy’, Australian Financial Review, 31 October 2016.
95 <http://www.australiachinaobor.org.au>.
96 Anne-Marie Brady, ‘China’s foreign propaganda machine’. Journal of
Democracy, vol. 26, no. 4, October 2015, pp. 39-40.
97 Henry Cook, ‘Winston Peters says western world is too hard on China over
freedom issues’, Stuff, 5 December 2017; Fran O’Sullivan, ‘Winston Peters
works to keep China sweet’, New Zealand Herald, 10 December 2017.
98 <english.cnrv.cn/2015/07/07/ARTI l436223299326525.shtml>.
99 <news.xinhuanet.com/2016-12/1 l/c_l 120095586.htm>.
100 <paper.people.com.cn/rmrb/html/20l6-01/10/ nw.Dl 1 0000renmrb_
20160110_2-03.htm>. The article extensively quotes Peter Cai, formerly of
the Lowy Institute but now an adviser to the CEO of Virgin Australia. Virgin
Australia is now partly owned by China’s HNA Aviation Group.
101 Ana Swanson, ‘Chinese propagandists are using adorable kids to take on
Donald Trump’, Washington Post, 18 May 2017.
102 Zheping Huang, ‘China’s craziest English-language propaganda videos are
made by one mysterious studio’. Quartz, 27 October 2015.
103 Nadia Daly, ‘One Belt One Road: NT businesses welcome Chinese invest¬
ment despite reluctance over "new Silk Road , ABC News Online, 8 August
2017.
104 Jamie Smyth, ‘Australia rejects China push on Silk Road strategy, Financial
Times, 22 March 2017.
Chapter 7 Seduction and coercion
1 Tom Allard and John Garnaut, ‘Gas boom as China signs $25bn deal, The
Sydney Morning Herald, 9 August 2002, p. 5.
2 Anon., ‘Gas contract avails ties with Australia’, Peoples Daily, 17 September
2002.
310
notes: seduction and coercion
> Chen Yonglin, quoted In 25 June 2005 <www.epochtimes.eom/gb/5/6/25/
n965354.htm> (in Chinese).
4 Kelly Burke, 'Howard stands firm on Dalai Lama meeting, The Age, 17 May
2002.
5 Anon., 'Gas contract avails ties with Australia’.
6 John Garnaut, 'Are Chau Chak Wing’s circles of influence in Australia-China
ties built on hot air?’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 16 October 2015.
7 Rory Medcalf (ed.), ‘China’s economic leverage: Perception and reality’.
Policy Options Paper no. 2, National Security College, ANU, March 2017.
8 Linda Jakobson and Andrew Parker, ‘High time for a proper debate on
Chinese investments’. The Australian, 25 February 2016.
9 Geoff Wade, ‘Chinese investment in Australia needs closer scrutiny’, The
Australian, 9 March 2016.
10 Linda Jakobson and Bates Gill, China Matters: Getting it right for Australia,
Melbourne: Black Inc., 2017.
11 Stephen FitzGerald. ‘Managing Australian foreign policy in a Chinese world’,
The Conversation, 17 March 2017.
12 FitzGerald, ‘Managing Australian foreign policy in a Chinese world’.
13 Paul Kelly, Friend or foe? Our China dilemma is our biggest test’, The
Australian, 17 August 2016. In his habitual practice of being the first to
identify crises, landmarks and turning points in Australian, Asian and world
history, Kelly describes the Drysdale report as ‘audacious’, ‘a wake-up jolt’,
‘shattering delusions’, ‘confronting’ and a ‘watershed’. It sank like a stone.
14 East Asian Bureau of Economic Research and China Center for International
Economic Exchanges, Partnership for Change, Australia-China Joint
Economic Report, Canberra: ANU Press, 2016, p. 14.
15 Partnership for Change, p. 14,
16 Partnership for Change, p. \9.
17 Peter Dr>'sdale, ‘Chinese state-owned enterprise investment in Australia’, East
Asia Forum, 25 August 2014.
18 Chen Yonglin, ‘Australia is in the process of becoming China’s backyard’,
published in Chinese in China in Perspective, 31 August 2016 and translated
into English by Chun Gwai-lo.
19 Peter Drysdale, ‘Australian needs to get its act together on China, and fast’.
East Asia Forum, 7 June 2009.
20 Peter Dry'sdale and John Denton, Chinas influence and how to use it to
Australia’s advantage’, Australian Financial Review, 3 October 2017.
21 <\v\vw.china-un.org/eng/g\^g/t555926.htm>.
22 Cheng Li and Luej’ Xu, Chinese thinks tanks: A new “revolving door” for
elite recruitment’. Brooking, 10 February' 2017.
23 Anon., ‘China to introduce dual-management on think tanks’, Xinhuanet,
4 May 2017.
24 Li and Xu, ‘Chinese think ranks’.
311
notes; seduction and coercion
25 Partnership for Change, p. 19.
26 This section has benefited from the work of Robert Blackwill and Jennifer
Harris, War by Other Means: Geoeconomics and statecraft, Cambridge, Mass,;
Belknap Press, 2016, and of William Norris, Chinese Economic Statecraft:
Commercial actors, grand strategy, and state control, Ithaca: Cornell University
Press, 2016.
27 Blackwill and Harris, War by Other Means, p. 129; Tone Sutterud and
Elisabeth Ulven, ‘Norway criticised over snub to Dalai Lama during Nobel
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
committee visit’. The Guardian, 1 May 2014.
Quoted by Blackwill and Harris, War by Other Means, p. 129.
Sewell Chan, ‘Norway and China restore ties, 6 years after Nobel prize
dispute’. The New York Times, 19 December 2016.
Blackwill and Harris, War by Other Means, p. 130.
Grant Holloway, ‘Australia snubs Dalai Lama’, CNN.com, 16 May 2002;
Daniel Flitton, ‘Praise for Dalai Lama snub’. The Sydney Morning Hera ,
29 June 2012. „
Andrew Marszal, ‘Dalai Lama criticises David Cameron for money over
norality” snub’, The Telegraph, 23 September 2015.
Vnon., ‘Dalai Lama’s visit: Botswana’s President Dr Ian Khama tells China,
‘We are not your colony’”, The aPolitical, 19 August 2017. ^
>oted by Anon., ‘Beijing’s new weapon in economic war: Chinese tourists,
(nquirer.net, 26 June 2017.
Blackwill and Harris, p. 10.
lames Reilly, 'China’s economic statecraft: Turning wealth into power, lx,wy
Institute, 2013. .
Stephen Fir/Gerald, ‘Managing Australian foreign policy in a Chinese
The Conversation, 17 March 2017.
Blackwill and Harris, War by Other Means, p. 3.
football team says about China-Korta relations, bovcott of
2 April 2017; Cary Huang. ‘Opinion: Why Chiijas
South Korea is self-defeating’. South China Morning Post 2 Apni 2017 _ P«er
Rutherford. ‘Chinese women golfers may shun LPGA event a
South Korea tensions’. Reuters. 30 March 2017. vcil^Hefense
Michael Hola. ‘China gets testier as South Korea advances its mi
plans’. Christian Science Monitor, 8 February 2017. ,,nHer
Lenda Goh and Muyu Zu, 'Playing favourites? Chinese
scrutiny as Lunar New Year nears'. The Sydney Mommg HerM. 25 January,
2017.
44 Goh and Zu, ‘Playing favourites?’.
312
NOTES: SEDUCTION AND COERCION
45 BlaclcNvill and Harris, War by Other Means, p. 109.
46 Michael Komesaroff, 'Make the foreign serve China, Center for Strategic and
International Studies, paper no. 2, March 2017.
47 Blackwill and Harris, War by Other Means, p. 108.
48 Anders Corr and Priscilla Tacujan. ‘Chinese political and economic influ¬
ence in the Philippines: Implications for alliances and the South China Sea
dispute,/oj/rw/r/ of Political Risk, vol. 1, no. 3, July 2013.
49 Blackwill and Harris, War by Other Means, p. 113.
50 Corr and Tacujan, ‘Chinese political and economic influence in the Philippines’.
51 Blacbvill and Harris, War by Other Means, p. 116.
52 Martin Fackler, ‘Virus infects computers in Japan’s parliament’. The New York
Times, 25 October 2011; Blackwill and Harris, War by Other Means, p. 109.
53 Blackwill and Harris, War by Other Means, p. 101.
54 Goh and Zu, ‘Playing favourites?’.
55 Chris Horton, ‘China’s attempt to punish Taiwan by throttling tourism has
seriously backfired’. South China Morning Post, 9 February 2017.
56 Horton. ‘China’s attempt to punish Taiwan by throttling tourism has seriously
backfired’.
57 Blackwill and Harris, War by Other Means, p. 108.
58 Helena Smith. 'Greece blocks EUs criticism at UN of Chinas human tights
record’, The Guardian, 19 June 2017.
59 Nick Cumming-Bruce and Somini Senguptajune. ‘In Greece, China finds an
ally against human rights criticism’. The New York Times, 19 June 2017.
60 <''''vwseatrade-maritime.com/news/europe/china-cosco-shipping-finally-
gets-piraeus-port-majority-stake.html>.
61 Roie Yellinek, ‘How can Greece pay back China?’, BESA Center Perspectives
Paper no. 523, 9 July 2017.
62 Anon., ‘Turkey promises to eliminate anti-China media reports’, Reuters,
3 August 2017.
63 Lindsay Murdoch, ‘Beijing article warns Australia over South China Sea’, The
Sydney Morning Herald, 2 January 2018.
64 Bob Carr, Diary of a Foreign Minister, Sydney: NewSouth Publishing, 2014,
p. 331.
65 Patrick Hatch, YCTio really owns this 19 per cent stake in Virgin Australia?’,
The Sydney Morning Herald, 7 August 2017; David Barboza, ‘A Chinese giant
is on a buying spree. Who is behind it?’. The New York Times, 9 May 2017.
66 Eryk Bagshaw and Peter Hannam, Pilot shortage: Chinese-owned airport in
Australia looks to increase its flights by 1000%’, The Sydney Morning Herald,
27 December 2017.
67 <^^'w'w.tiq.qld.gov.au/download/business-interest/invest/trade-investment-
strategy-TI Q. pdf>.
68 Sue Williams, Chinese dominate in tourism investment’,
Herald, 27 January 2017.
313
notes: seduction and coercion
69 Karen Wales, ‘Chinese dominate in tourism investment’, Colliers Radar,
Colliers International, February 2017.
Chapter 8 Spies old and new
1 Brian Toohey, ‘Enemies old and new’. Inside Story, 2 November 2016.
2 Anon., ‘China blamed after ASIO blueprints stolen in major cyber attack on
Canberra HQ’, ABC News Online, 28 May 2013.
3 Jonathan Kaiman, ‘China calls Australian spy HQ plans hacking claims
“groundless”’. The Guardian, 29 May 2013.
4 Primrose Riordan and Markus Mannheim, ASIO s new neighbours links to
China’s government’, Australian Financial Review, 2 November 2015.
5 Kirsten Lawson, ‘Failed bidders raise eyebrows at high price for Currong and
Allawah flats’, Canberra Times, 12 February 2016.
6 John Thistleton, ‘Chief Minister Andrew Barr and developer Terry Shaw
launch Campbell 5 units’, Canberra Times, 21 September 2015.
7 Riordan and Mannheim, ‘ASlO’s new neighbours’ links to Chinas government.
8 Jewel Topsfield, ‘Australia grants asylum to Chinese diplomat’. The Age, 9 July
2005
9 Aaron Patrick, ‘Australia is losing the battle against China’s “citizen spies ,
Australian Financial Review, 3-4 September 2016.
10 Bill Gertz, ‘China’s intelligence networks in United States include 25,0
spies , Washington Free Beacon, W ]u\y 2017. ^
11 Patrick, ‘Australia is losing the battle against Chinas “citizen spies^ •
12 Patrick,‘Australia is losing the battle against China’s “citizen spies .
13 Paul Monk, ‘Chinese spies and our national interest’, Quadrant Online,
June 2012, <https://quadrant.org.au/magazine/201 2 / 06 /chinese-espionage
and'australia-s-national-interest/>.
14 James Jiann Hua To, Qiaowu: Extra-territorial policies for the overseas Chinese,
Leiden: Koninklijke Brill, 2014, p. 44.
15 Andrew Greene, ‘Chinese spies “very active” in Australia, departing e ence
secretary warns’, ABC News Online, 12 May 2017.
16 Andrew Greene, ‘Chinese spies in Australia on the rise, former diplomat
Chen Yonglin says’, ABC News Online, 20 November 2016.
17 Christopher Joye, ‘Spy wars fuelled by territorial claims’, Financia
28 April 2014.
18 <edition.cnn.com/20l4/05/20/world/asia/china-unit-6l398/>.
19 Paul Maley and Mitchell Bingemann, ‘Spies feared China was hacking t e
NBN’, 77;e/lKrrm//V/«, 28 March 2012.
20 US House of Representatives Permanent Select Committee of InteUigence,
‘Investigative report on the US national security issues posed by Chinese
telecommunications companies Huawei and ZTE’, 8 October 2012 <https://
intelligence.house.gov/sites/intelligence.house.gov/files/documents uawei
zte%20investigative%20repon%20(final).pdf>.
314
notes: spies old and new
21 As premier oF Victoria, Brumby had worked with Huawei to help establish
an RMIT training centre (Michael Sainsbuiy, ‘Huawei names John Brumby,
Alexander Downer board members’, The Australian, 6 June 2011). See also
Maley and Bingemann, ‘Spies feared China was hacking the NBN’.
22 Sainsbury, ‘Huawei names John Brumby, Alexander Downer board members’.
23 ‘Investigative report on the US national security issues posed by Chinese
telecommunications companies Huawei and ZTE’.
24 Anon., ‘The company that spooked the world’. The Economist, 4 August
2012.
25 ‘Investigative report on the US national security issues posed by Chinese
telecommunications companies Huawei and ZTE’, pp. 13-14.
26 Evan S. Medeiros, Roger Cliff, Keith Crane and James C. Mulvenon,
‘A new direction for China’s defense industry’, RAND Corporation, 2005
<https://www.rand.org/content/dam/ran d/pubs/monographs/2005/
RAND_MG334.pdf>, p. 218.
27 Bill Gera, ‘Chinese telecom firm tied to spy ministry’, Washington Times,
1 1 October 2011.
28 Phillip Coorey, ‘ASIO not the target of my outburst, Robb explains’. The
Sydney Morning Herald, 28 March 2012.
29 Paul Osborne, ‘Opposition slams NBN exclusion of Huawei’, The Australian,
26 March 2012.
30 James Chessell, ‘Kerry Stokes: Secrets to my China success’, Australian
Financial Review, 3 November 2012.
31 Maley and Bingemann, ‘Spies feared China was hacking the NBN’.
32 Hamlsh McDonald and Mark Forbes, ‘Downer Hags China shift’. The Age,
18 August 2004.
33 Chen Yonglin, at a press conference in a Chatswood club on the afternoon of
22 June 2005 and confirmed in correspondence with the author on 8 January
2018.
34 Peter Cai, ‘Huawei “extremely disappointed” with NBN ban’. The Sydney
Morning Herald, 1 November 2013.
35 ‘Investigative report on the US national security issues posed by Chinese
telecommunications companies Huawei and ZTE’, pp. 34-5.
36 Paul Wiseman and Sadie Gurmin, ‘Chinese cellphone giant ZTE to pay US
almost $900M for breaking Iran sanctions’. The Mercury News, 7 March
2017.
37 <http://www.zte.com.cn/global/about/press-center/news/201703ma/0307ma>.
38 Allie Coyne, ‘Australian MPs still scared of Huawei’, iTnews, 17 October
2016.
39 Christopher Joye and Aaron Patrick, ‘Chinese spies may have read all MPs
emails for a year’, Australian Financial Review, 28 April 2014.
40 Chris Johnson and Chris Wilson, ‘Ex-ASIO director helped Raiders’, The
Canberra Times, 31 March 2012.
315
notes: spies old and new
Cluis Wilson, ‘Huawei is the real deal for Raiders, The Sydney Morning
Herald, 31 March 2012. Huawei had also been negotiating with the ACT
Brumbies rugby union team. When a journalist asked the club’i chief
executive, ‘Are the Raiders a political pawn for Huawei to lobby the Federal
Government? he emphatically replied. Absolutely not.’ With a preternatural
insight into Huawei’s motives, he added: ‘In terms of his [Richardson's)
ASIO links, it had absolutely nothing to do with getting the sponsor or
not getting the sponsor. I can understand people making that inquiry, but
absolutely not.’
42 Ray Shaw, ‘Huawei and Canberra Raiders winning partnership’, i'nVire
Newsletter, 29 March 2017.
43 ‘Investigative report on the US national security issues posed by Chinese
telecommunications companies Huawei and ZTE’, p. 2.
44 Ben Grubb, ‘Telcos could face Huawei ban, Malcolm Turnbull confirms’. The
Sydney Morning Herald, 27 July 2015.
45 See anon., ‘The company that spooked the world’, and Medeiros, Cliff,
Crane and Mulvenon, ‘A new direction for China’s defense industry, p. 218.
46 Peter Simpson, ‘Huawei devices dropped amid security concerns. South
China Morning Post, 14 January 2014. The story was originally published
in a British Sunday newspaper. Nevertheless, Britain has allowed Huawei to
supply equipment to British Telecom.
47 <e.huawei.com/mediafiles/MediaFiles/5/E/7/%7B5E763722-D55C'
4813-A6A7-58079BC5C82A%7DState%20Grid%20of%20China%20
Powers%20Up%20with%20Huawei%20Scorage%20Solution.pdf>.
48 ‘Investigative report on the US national security issues posed by Chinese
telecommunications companies Huawei and ZTE , p. 3.
49 Geoff Wade, ‘The State Grid Corporation of China: Its Australian engage¬
ment and military links’. The Interpreter, Lowy Institute, 17 December
2015 <www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/state-grid'Corporanon-chma-
its-australian-engagement-and-military-links>.
50 Greg Sheridan, ‘A questionable risk to security—Huawei an extraordinary
creation’. The Australian, 18 May 2013. ^
51 Greg Sheridan, ‘Turnbull government carefully tackles Chinese interference ,
The Australian, \7 }\xne IQM. ^
52 Juro Osawa, ‘AT&T deal collapse forces Huawei to rethink global plans’. The
Information, 9 January 2018.
53 As told to the author by one who heard it from Credlin.
54 Simon Benson, ‘Tony Abbott says China visit is most important trip by
Auscralian Prime Minister’, News.com.au^ 10 April 2014.
55 Nigel Inkster, ‘China’s draft intelligence law’. International Institute for
Strategic Studies, blog, 26 May 2017 <http://www.iiss.org/en/iiss%20voices/
blogsections/iiss-voices-2017-adeb/may-8636/chinas-draft-intelligence
law-5b2e>.
316
notes: spies old and new
56 John Schindler, ‘The unpleasant truth about Chinese espionage’, The
Observer, 22 April 2016.
57 Nate Thayer, ‘How the Chinese recruit American journalists as spies’, Asia
Sentinel, 4 July 2017.
58 Brandi Buchman, ‘Bond revoked for ex-CIA agent charged with spying for
China’, Courthouse News, 10 July 2017.
59 Philip Dorling, ‘China spies on top ALP figures’. The Canberra Times, 11 July
2008.
60 Richard Baker, Philip Dorling and Nick McKenzie, ‘Defence leaks dirt file
on own minister’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 26 March 2009. Liu was also
a member of the ACPPRC.
61 Richard Baker and Philip Dorling, ‘Defence “rejected” minister spy link
concerns’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 7 May 2009.
62 Richard Baker and Philip Dorling, ‘Minister snared in row’, The Sydney
Morning Herald, 27 March 2009.
63 Richard Baker, Philip Dorling and Nick McKenzie, ‘ALP donor Helen Liu
had close ties with a senior Chinese military intelligence operative’, The
Sydney Morning Herald, 12June2017.
64 Baker and Dorling, ‘Defence “rejected” minister spy link concerns’.
65 Richard Baker, Philip Dorling and Nick McKenzie, ‘Secrets and lies’. The
Sydney Morning Herald, 20 April 2013.
66 Baker and Dorling, ‘Minister snared in row’.
67 Richard Baker, Philip Dorling and Nick McKenzie, ‘Secret payments to
Labor MP listed in Liu files’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 3 February 2010.
68 Richard Baker, Philip Dorling and Nick McKenzie, ‘Immigration probes
Helen Liu marriage’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 18 September 2013.
69 Baker, Dorling and McKenzie, ‘Immigration probes Helen Liu marriage’.
70 Baker, Dorling and McKenzie, ‘Secrets and lies’.
71 Baker, Dorling and McKenzie, ‘Secrets and lies’.
72 Alexi Mostrous and Billy Kenber, ‘Fears over rise of Chinese CC'l'V’, The
Times, 16 September 2016.
73 <ipvm.com/reports/heres-what-really-sets-hikvision-apart>.
74 Xioa Yu, ‘Is the world’s biggest surveillance camera maker sending footage to
China.^’, VOA, 21 November 2016; John Honovich, ‘Hikvision CEO admits
Hikvision China state-owned company’, IPVM, 6 October 2016; John
Honovich, ‘Hikvision and the Chinese government’, IPVM, 7 December
2016 .
75 John Honovich, ‘Hikvision exec simultaneously Chinese government secu¬
rity leader’, IPVM, 27 April 2015; John Honovich, ‘Hikvision and the China
Communist Party’, IPVM, 12 January 2016.
76 <ipvm.com/reports/hikvision-cetc-mps>.
77 Yu, ‘Is the world’s biggest surveillance camera maker sending footage to
China?’.
317
NOTES: SPIES OLD AND NEW
78 Interview with the author, 6 March 2017.
79 Its cameras have been hacked (<ipvm.com/reports/the'hikvision'hacking'
scandal-returns>).
80 <hznews.hangzhou.com.cn/jingji/content/2016-01/I l/content_6039653
.htm>.
81 <ipvm.com/reports/hik-oems-dir>.
82 Interview with the author, 3 August 2017.
83 <ipvm.com/reports/hik-backdoor>.
84 <ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/lCSA-17-124-01 >.
85 Honovich, ‘Hikvision and the China Communist Party.
86 Chris Uhlmann, ‘China blamed for “massive” cyber attack on Bureau of
Meteorology’, ABC News Online, 2 December 2015; Andrew Greene, ‘Bureau
of Meteorology hacked by foreign spies in massive attack, report shows’, ABC
News Online, 12 October 2016.
87 Hamish Boland-Rudder, ‘Capital the top spot for weather man, The Canberra
Times, 30 August 2013.
88 Uhlmann, ‘China blamed for “massive” cyber attack on Bureau of Meteorology’.
89 Andrew Greene, ‘Chinese technology on Australian supercomputer sparks
security concerns’, ABC News Online, 19 November 2016.
90 Bill Gertz, ‘Militar>' warns Chinese computer gear poses cyber spy threat’,
Washington Free Beacon, 24 October 2016.
91 Interview with the author, 15 March 2017.
92 John Lee, ‘Innovation in China: More than a fast follower?’. The Diplomat,
9 June 2016.
93 James Scott and Drew Spaniel, Chinas Espionage Dynasty, Institute for
Critical Infrastructure Technology, 2016, pp. 10-11.
94 Quoted by William Hannas, James Mulvenon and Anna Puglisi, Chinese
Industrial Espionage, London: Routledge, 2013, p. 126.
95 Richard A. Clarke, ‘How China steals our secrets’. The New York Times,
2 April 2012.
96 Erin Ailworth, ‘Trial over theft of wind technology spotlights U.S.-China
Tensions’, The Wall Street Journal, 6 January 2018.
97 Scott and Spaniel, Chinas Espionage Dynasty, p. 15.
98 Scott and Spaniel, Chinas Espionage Dynasty, p. 18.
99 Andrew Fowler and Peter Cronau, ‘Hacked!’, Eour Comers, ABC TV, online
transcript, 29 May 2013; Anon., “‘You’re on your own”: Codan fights back
after Chinese hacking attack’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 25 June 2015.
100 Anon., ‘“You’re on your own”: Codan fights back after Chinese hacking
101 Isaac Leung, ‘Codan network hacked by Chinese , Electronics News, 29 May
2013.
102 Des Ball speaking to Fowler and Cronau, Hacked!, Four Comers.
318
notes: spies old and new
103 John Schindler, ‘The unpleasant truth about Chinese espionage’, The
Observer, 22 April 2016.
104 josh Kenworthy, ‘In a Midwestern cornfield, a scene of Chinese theft and
espionage’, Christian Science Monitor, 11 April 2016.
105 Schindler, ‘The unpleasant truth about Chinese espionage’.
106 Scliindler, ‘The unpleasant truth about Chinese espionage’.
107 Anon., ‘China warns women off handsome foreign spies in “Dangerous
Love" comic’, ABC News Online, 21 April 2016.
108 Alex Joske, ‘Incident at university pharmacy highlights a divided Chinese
community, Woroni, 28 August 2016.
109 Pavel Polityuk and Eric Auchard, ‘Petya attack “likely cover” for malware
installation in Ukraine’, iTnews, 30 June 2017.
110 Allie Coyne, ‘Australia has created a cyber warfare unit’, iTnews, 30 June 2017.
111 <http://www.deakin.edu.auy research/ research-news/articles/boost-for-cyber-
security-collaboration>.
112 Chris Uhlmann, ‘China blamed for “massive” cyber attack on Bureau of
Meteorolog)' computer’, ABC News Online, 2 December 2015.
113 <nsclab.org/nsclab/collaboration.html>.
114 <w'w^v.deakin.edu.au/research/research-news/articles/boost-for-cyber-
security-collaboration>.
115 <sinosphere.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/01/06/university-in-xian-opens-
school-of-cyberengineering/?_r=0>.
116 <news.xidian.edu.cn/info/1004/5824.htm>.
117 <xyh.xidian.edu.cn/info/1020/1890.htm>.
118 <escholarship.org/uc/item/6f26wl lm#page-4>.
119 <renshichu.bit.edu.cn/mxms/lyys/89l42.htm>.
120 <www.xidian.edu.cn/info/1020/3374.htm>.
121 <news.xldian.edu.cn/info/2106/195863.htm>.
122 <www.weihai.gov.cn/art/2016/11/10/art_l 6616_785996.html>.
123 <www.81 .cn/2016hjcllqzn/2016-04/21 /content_7017010.htm>.
124 <mis.xidian.edu.cn/html/team/domestic/2017/0306/20.html>.
125 <info.xidian.edu.cn/info/1010/11236.htm>.
126 <http://ww\v.edu-australia.org/publish/portal72/tab5536/infol l6240.htm>.
127 <http://ieeexplore.leee.org/document/71 l64l5/>; <http://ieeexplore.ieee.
org/document/7802648/>.
128 Stephen Chen, ‘Top 5 most secretive and mysterious research universities in
China’, South China Morning Post, 19 April 2015.
129 Anders Corr, ‘Ban official Chinese student organizations abroad’, Forbes,
4 June 2017.
130 Scott and Spaniel, Chinas Espionage Dynasty, p. 34.
131 US Depanment of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, ‘Higher education
and national security: The targeting of sensitive, proprietary and classified
319
notes: spies old and new
information on campuses of higher education, April 2011, p, 9 <httpw'7/
www.fbi.gov/file-repository/higher-education-national-security.pdf/vicw>.
132 Scott and Spaniel, Chinas Espionage Dynasty, p. 37.
Chapter 9 ‘Malicious insiders’ and scientific organisations
1 James Jiann Hua To, Qiaowu: Extra-territorial policies for the overseas Chinese,
Leiden: Koninklijke Brill, 2014, p. 73ff.
2 ASIO, ASIO Annual Report 2016-17, ASIO, 2017.
3 ASIO, ASIO Annual Report 2015-16, ASIO, 2016.
4 In 2007 the former diplomat Chen Yonglin revealed that Chinese missions
often play the leading role in setting up Chinese professionals groups in
an effort to use them to Influence the mainstream. See Madalina Hubert,
‘Ex-envoy details Chinese regime’s overseas scheme’. The Epoch Times,
7 June 2007 <www.theepochtimes.com/n3/l749l62-ex-envoy-details-
chinese-regimes-overseas-scheme/>.
5 <www.gqb.gov.cn/news/2017/0324/42073.shtml>.
6 <https;//taschinese.com/thread-189619-1-1 .html>.
7 <news.xinhuanet.com/2016-09/05/c_l 119513745.htm>.
8 Scott Harold, ‘The U.S.-China cyber agreement: A good first step, The
Cypher Brief, 31 July 2016.
9 To, Qiaowu, p. 43.
10 To, Qiaowu, pp. 43-4.
11 James Scott and Drew Spaniel, Chinas Espionage Dynasty, Institute for
Critical Infrastructure Technology, 2016, pp. 10-11.
12 Joshua Philipp, ‘Rash of Chinese spy cases shows a silent national emergency,
The Epoch Times, 25 April 2016.
13 ASIO, ASIO Annual Report 2016-17, ASIO, 2017, p. 5. See also ASIO,
ASIO Annual Report 2015—16, ASIO, 2016, pp. 25-6.
14 Four cases came to light in April 2016 alone. See Philipp, Rash of Chinese
spy cases shows a silent national emergency.
15 Michael Riley and Ashlee Vance, ‘Inside the Chinese boom in corporate
espionage’, Bloomberg, 16 March 2012.
16 US Department of Justice, ‘Michigan man sentenced 48 months for attempt¬
ing to spy lor the People’s Republic of China, media release, 21 January
2011.
17 Anon., ‘China tops spy list; CSIS’, The Star, 30 April 2007.
18 Anon.,‘China tops spy list’.
19 Anon., ‘Beijing rejects claims Canadian engineer is Chinese spy, ABC Mews
Online, 2 December 2013.
20 Haiyan Dong, Yu Gao, Patrick J. Sinko, Zaisheng Wu, Jianguo Xu and Lee
Jia, ‘The nanotechnology race between China and USA, Materials Today,
12 April 2016.
320
notes: ‘malicious insiders' and scientific organisations
,J j 4 st,n l>an, ‘Prosecutors charge five with nanotechnology theft’, Taipei Times,
28 July 2016.
■>'> Daniel Golden, Spy Schools: How the CIA, FBI, and Foreign Intelligence secretly
exploit Americas universities. New York: Henry Holt, 2017, p. 17.
23 William Hannas, James Mulvenon and Anna Puglisi, Chinese Industrial
Espionage, London: Routledge, 2013, Chapter 5.
Hannas, Mulvenon and Puglisi, Chinese Industrial Espionage, pp. 122-3.
25 Interview with Chen Yonglin, 1 February 2017. Chen says some scientists are
gi\'en ver>' large bonuses for supplying information to the PRC (payments the
ATO does not hear about).
26 To, Qiaowu, pp. 45-6.
■>7 Interview with Chen Yonglin, 1 February 2017.
?g The director of ACAIEP is Ms Guixia Gao.
29 Hannas, Mulvenon and Puglisi, Chinese Industrial Espionage, pp. 78-80.
30 Hannas, Mulvenon and Puglisi, Chinese Industrial Espionage, p. 96.
31 For the case of Noshir Gowadia see <web.archive.org/web/200705231
75209/>; <honolulu.fbi.gov/dojpressrel/pressrel06/defensesecretsl 10906
.htm>; and <www.justice.gov/opa/pr/hawaii-man-sentenced-32-years-
prison-providing-defense-information-and-services-people-s>.
32 Hannas, Mulvenon and Puglisi, Chinese Industrial Espionage, pp. 79-80.
33 <w\N'w.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-12/01 /conten t_5141607.htm>.
34 Hannas, Mulvenon and Puglisi, Chinese Industrial Espionage, p. 110.
35 Hannas, Mulvenon and Puglisi, Chinese Industrial Espionage, p. 114.
36 <rvvww.focsa.org.au/aboutus.html>.
37 <ww’\\'.people.com.cn/GB/guoji/l4553/2907862.html>.
38 <2007.chisa.edu.cn/szxrzz/qikan/2009no 10/200910/t20091020_123750.html>.
39 cwwwl .rmit.edu.au/stafF/xinghuo-yu>.
40 Stephen Chen, ‘Top 5 most secretive and mysterious research universities in
China’, South China Morning Post, 19 April 2015.
41 <www.wacsa.com/conference-zh/welcome/>.
42 <perth.chineseconsulate.org/chn/zlsgxw/t 1297108.htm>.
43 <ww\v.qcase.org.au/en/>; <www.mf:t.gov.cn/chn//pds/gjhdq/gj/dyz/1206/
1206x2/11419700.htm>; <www.fmprc.gov.cn/ce/egbrsb/chn/zlgxw/11014449
.htm>; and <www.cnzsyz.com/aozhou/359263.html>.
44 <www.fmprc.gov.cn/ce/cgbrsb/chn/zlgxw/t 1014449. htm>.
45 <www.most.gov.cn/cxfw/kjjlcx/kjjl2011/201202/120120217_92526.htm>.
46 <www.gg.gov.au/sites/default/files/files/honours/ad/ad2017/slkh83xzcb/AO
Final Media Notes.pdf>.
47 <www.chinaql.org/c/2015-12-14/485805.shtml>.
48 <news.xinhuanet.com/fortune/2010-09/14/c_ 125 51099.htm>.
49 <www.qcase.org.au/en/professor-max-Iu-was-appointed-as-president-and-
vice-chancellor-of-the-university-of-surrey-the-united-kingdom-uk/>.
321
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
NOTES:
Malicious insiders’
AND SCIENTIFIC ORGANISATIONS
<www.cscs orp /
Meeting-Agenda ^‘ S-Council-
Name-LisH n?f ^ 2/2016-201 S-Council-
Hannas m..I^^ ^'^^’?"'^"^^''P'°^‘^'^^^‘^^^^^CSCS_Attendec_List.pdf>.
<wrL^ 7" Industrial Bpionag,. pp. 116-17.
<www. ydneytoday.com/au-news/ 1 589 112 ?flag=l>
<austral.a.people.com.cn/n 1/2016/1115/c408038-28862609.html>.
•org.au/en/?dt_portfoIio=professor-yi-chen-lan>.
''^''^•3cpprc.org.au/english/7thtermIist.asp>.
nterview with the author, 3 August 2017.
li Baker and Nick McKenzie, ‘Chineses [sic] scientist absence exposed
20^^ activities at CSIRO’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 5 December
Unnamed journalist quoted by AFP in email dated 10 September 2015
released under freedom of information.
Documents released under freedom of information.
<www.csiro.au/china/>; <https://www.csiro.au/en/About/We-are-CSIRO>.
<www.lksf.org/ the-5th-cheung-kong-scholars-award-ceremony-held-in-
beijing/>.
Paul Mozur and Jane Perlez, ‘China bets on sensitive US start-ups, worrying
the Pentagon’, The New York Times, 22 March 2017.
Paul Mozur, Beijing wants AI to be made in China by 2030’, The New York
Times, 20 July 2017.
<www.csiro.au/en/News/News-releases/2017/CSIROs-Data61 -strengthening-
Austral ias-cyber-secu ri ty>.
<people.csiro.au/w/c/Chen-Wang>.
<xwb.hnedu.cn/chuangxin/UploadFiles_ 1600/201507/2015070717485119
.xls>; <mil.cnr.cn/ztl/gfkdrc/xwbd/201309/t20130926_513699890.html>.
<www.huangl 23.cn/show.php?pid= 1010>.
<wenku.baidu.com/view/43d5ee49bcd 126fff7050bc0.html>; <http://vvvv\v
.defence.org.cn/article-2-28113.html>.
<www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XTFZ201105018.htm>.
<xueshu.baidu.com/scholarlD/CN-BS74SKWJ>.
Ao Fu-jiang, Qi Zong-feng, Chen Bin and Huang Ke-di, ‘Data stream mining
techniques and its application in simulation systems,’ Computer Science, issue
03, 2009 (in Chinese); Chen Bin, Ju Ru-sheng, Jiang Zhao-jin and Huang
Ke-di, ‘Web-based situation display method in combat simulation’. Journal
of System Simulation, issue 24, 2009 (in Chinese); Yang, Lun, Chen Bin,
Huang Jian and Huang Ke-di, ‘Research of general 2-dimension view display
system in combat simulation, Ordnance Industry Automation, issue 12, 2007
(in Chinese); Yang Lun, Chen Bin, Huang Jian and Huang Ke-di, ‘Model
322
notes: ‘maucious insiders’ and scientific organisations
dorlopmcnt and management in the computational experiment oriented to
emergcnq' management’,/ownw/ of National University of Defense Technology,
issue 03, 2015 (in Chinese).
74 <w'Nv^v.cqvip.com/qk/96569x/201108/38633287.htmI>; <www.cqvip com/
qk/95956x/200712/26266402.htmI>.
75 <www.cqvip.com/qk/96569x/201108/38633290.html>.
76 <%v\\'w.cssn.cn/jsx/201611 /t20161128_3291681 .shtml>.
77 Hu Peng, Qiu Xiao-gang and Meng Rong-qing, ’Resource Description in
Remote Sensing Satellite Simulation Integrated Environment’, Computer
Simulation, issue 07, 2011 (in Chinese).
78 <www.sia.cn/gkjj/lsyg/>.
79 <www.militarytimes.com/news/pentagon-congress/2017/06/23/scientist-
gcts-time-served-for-theft-of-military-documents/>.
80 Prosecutors alleged Long, desiring to return to China, promised to provide
stolen aircraft technology to the Shenyang Institute and the Chinese Academy
of Sciences if they offered him employment. Xhey did and he returned to
China carrying Voluminous’ secret documents. In an email, Long outlined
his American work experience before concluding, ‘I believe my efforts will
help China to mature its own aircraft engines’ (<www.justice.gov/usao-ct/
pr/chinese-national-admits-stealing-sensitive-military-program-documents-
united-technologies>).
81 He also holds an adjunct professorship at the University of Sydney (<people
.csiro.au/C/S/Shiping-Chen>).
82 He visited the China University of Petroleum in June 2017 to talk about
blockchain technology (<computer.upc.edu.en/s/120/t/572/20/dc/lnfo
139484.htm>). He also visited Harbin Institute of Technology’s Weihai
campus to discuss research collaboration with the institute’s president and the
head of the campus’s computer science and technology school (<today.hitwh
.edu.cn/news_show.asp?id=27444>).
83 <ieeexplore.ieee.org.virtual.anu.edu.au/document/7983451 />: <ieeexplore
.ieee.org.virtual.anu.edu.au/document/7207357/>; <ieeexplore.ieee.org
.virtual.anu.edu.au/document/7557479/>.
84 <sklnst.bupt.edu.cn/content/content.php?p=2_8_4>.
85 <https://tinyurl.com/y8nhrjg9>.
86 <v^'ww.ixueshu.com/document/f6efel550ca0d5le318947al8e7f9386
.html>.
87 <wv^'^v.csiro.au/en/News/News-releases/2016/Data61 -and-Treasury-to-
examine-blockchain-technology-potential>.
88 Another is Fu Yinjin of the People’s Liberation Army University of Science
and Technology.
89 <www.ccf.org.cn/c/2017-05-1 l/594599.shtml>.
90 <zqb.cyol.coni/htinl/2013-08/30/nw.Dl 10000zgqnb_20130830_5-06.htm>.
323
NOTES:
'engineering
SOULS' IN AUSTRALIA'S UNIVERSITIES
Chapter io *Pnni» •
^ John Ficj"! !
from China’ Hi ^ and the contemporary university: Lessons
‘ John R« rr rf ■
Quoted by Fitzgerald T contemporary university’.
Perrv 1 inL • ' ^ ^•’^cdom and the contemporary univcrsit/.
resentativ * Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Rep-
Tjc • ! . ^ ^^cademic freedom threatened by China’s influence on
/ r) crsities. , Washington, D.C: US Government Printing Office,
4December20l4, p. 3. ^
Interview with the author, 10 May 2017.
y Link, testimony to Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of
presentatives, Is academic freedom threatened by China’s influence on US
universities?’, p. 11.
Interview with the author, 10 May 2017.
Rowan Callick, Traps for old players, the People’s Republic of China way’,
The Australian, 9 September 2016.
<world.huanqiu.com/exclusive/201 7-05/ 1 070 1945.html>.
Kirsty Needham, China’s internet erupts over Monash University’s drunk
officials quiz question’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 22 May 2017.
Primrose Riordan, ‘Monash University suspends lecturer over quiz question,
The Australian, 22 May 2017.
Primrose Riordan, ‘Monash throws out the textbook over Chinese student
complaints’, The Australian, 30 May 2017; Riordan, ‘Monash University
suspends lecturer over quiz question’.
7
8
9
10
11
12
13 <news. 163.com/17/0520/06/CKS0O4CL0001899N.html>.
14 <www.sydneytoday.com/content-101720255970006>.
15 <https://www.universitiesaustralia.edu.au/global-engagement/international-
collaboration/international-links/Link-Maps/Australian-universities-formal-
agreements-by-country>.
16 John Garnaut, ‘Our universities are a frontline in China’s ideological wars,
Australian Financial Review, 30 August 2017.
17 Emma Reynolds, ‘Tensions rise as Chinese government’s influence infiltrates
Aussie universities’, News.com.au, 1 September 2017.
18 <http://en.people.cn/n3/2017/081 l/c90000-9254290.html>.
19 Andrea Booth, ‘Chinese students left fuming after Sydney uni lecturer uses
contested map of China-India border’, SBS News Online, 22 August 2017.
20 Rowan Callick, ‘Chinese students taught to “snitch on politically incorrect
lecturers’. The Australian, 1 September 2017.
21 Primrose Riordan, ‘Top unis admit China influence, Go8 fears backlash,
The Australian, 23 September 2017; <https://sydney.edu.au/news-opinion/
news/2017/09/25/university-of-sydney-engagement-with-china—statement
.html>.
22 <sydney.jinriaozhou.com/content-101734356533003>.
324
notes; 'engineering souls’ in Australia's universities
23 1 rinirosc l^ordan and Rowan Callick, ‘China consulate involved in Newcastle
Uni Taiwan row’, The Australian, 28 August 2017.
24 Thomas Cushman, testimony to Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of
Representatives, ‘Is academic freedom threatened by China’s influence on US
universities?’, p. 16.
25 Maev Kennedy and Tom Phillips, ‘Cambridge University Press backs down
over China censorship’. The Guardian, 22 August 2017.
26 For the material on UTS and CETC I owe a large debt to Geoff Wade, and
the detailed investigation of Chinese-language sources by Alex Joske.
27 John Fitzgerald, ‘China’s scientists trapped’, Australian Financial Review,
3 October 2013.
28 <rms.arc.gov.au/RMS/Report/Download/Report/a3f6be6e-33f7-4fb5-
98a6-7526aaal84cf/70>.
29 <wvm.forbes.com/sites/anderscorr/20l6/06/22/chinas-aerospace-defense-
industry-sacks-us-military-technology/#49a64c595aae>.
30 <www.scmp.eom/news/china/diplomacy-defence/article/2058888/j-15-
fighter-jets-chinas-liaoning-aircraft-carrier-make>; <mil.news.sina.com.cn/
china/20l6-l l-29/doc-ifxyawmm3819629.shtml>.
31 <www.biam.ac.cn/tabi(l/87/Default.aspx>.
32 <www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=273713
617&privcapld=273591866>.
33 Chris Uhlmann, ‘Australian Defence files to be moved out of privately owned
data hub after Chinese buy-in’, ABC News Online, 20 June 2017.
34 <www.adelaide.edu.au/directory/s.qiao>; <news.buct.edu.cn/kxyj/49393
.htm>; <http;//www.oic.buct.edu.cn/sysgk/index.htm>.
35 <chemeng.adelaide.edu.au/qiao/members/tianyi-nia/>.
36 <www.biam.ac.cn/tabid/86/lnfolD/3l68/frtid/209/Default.aspx>.
37 William Hannas, James Mulvenon and Anna Puglisi, Chinese Industrial
Espionage, London: Routledge, 2013, p. 259.
38 <www.uschamber.com/report/china’s-drive-indigenous-innovation-web-
industrial-policies>.
39 <https://tinyurl.com/y9per3ct>.
40 Fitzgerald, ‘China’s scientists trapped’.
41 Matthew Luce, ‘A model company: CETC celebrates 10 years of civil-military
integration’, C^z>w The Jamestown Foundation, vol. 12, no. 4, 2012.
42 Danielle Cave and Brendan Thomas-Noone, ‘CSIRO cooperation with
Chinese defence contractor should raise questions’. The Guardian, 3 June
2017.
43 <web.archive.org/web/20101029184346/http://www. cetc.com.cn: 80/
Article_List.aspx?columnID= 1 >.
44 <jamestown.org/program/a-model-company-cetc-celebrates-10-years-of-
civil-military-integration/>.
45 Luce, ‘A model company’.
325
notes: 'engineering souls’ in Australia's universities
46 Cave and d’homaA-Noonc, ‘CSIKO awperation v/ith Chineie defence cc/n-
tractor should raise (|ue.stions’.
47 Mannas, Mulvenon and I’uglisi, Chinese Industrial Espionafre, p. 259.
48 Hannas, Mulvenon and Puglisi, Chinese Industrial Espionage, pp, 259-60.
49 <www,uts,cdu.au/ahout/faculty'enginccring'and'information-technolog'//
ncws/joint-ict-rcscarch-ccntrC'china>.
50 <cn.yil)ada.com/articlcs/55692/20150820/chinese'rcscarchcrs-hopeful-
mctamatcrials-l<cy-unlocking-invisiblc'planes,htm>,
51 Cave and Thomas-Noonc, ‘CSIRO cooperation with Chinese defence cr)n-
tractor should raise questions’,
52 Tom Igguldon, ‘Australian universities accused of sharing military technology
with China’, AliCNews Online, 15 December 2017.
53 <newsroom.uts.edu.au/ncws/2016/12/utS'launch'Centre-china'promote'
rcscarch-and-commcrcialisation>.
54 <ncws.xinhuanet.com/inFo/20l6-l l/17/c_l 35835124.htm>.
55 <www.cetccity.com/homc>.
56 <www.uts.edu.au/about/faculty-cnginccring'and-information-technology/
news/ncw-uts-centrc-driving-big'data>.
57 <www.uts.cdu.au/about/faculty'Cnginccring-and'information-technology/
news/join t-ict-rcsearch'ccntre-china>.
58 <www.uts.edu.au/research-and-teach ing/our-research/global-big-data-
technologies-ccntre>.
59 <ncws.xinhuanet.com/mil/2017-03/l5/c_129509791.htm>; <ndupress
.ndu.edu/Mcdia/News/Ncws-Article-View/Article/621 113/defense-
in telligcncc-analysis-in-thc-agc-of-big-data/>.
60 <wcb.archive.org/web/2016053010121 9 /http://www.uts.edu.au/research-
and-teaching/our-rcsearch/global-big-data-tcchnologies-centre/working-us/
our-partners>.
61 Aaron Patrick, ‘China’s citizen spies’, Australian Einancial Review, 3-4
September 2016.
62 Interview with senior officer managing university engagement, DST Group,
3 August 20 17. .
63 Daniel Golden, % Schook: How the CM, I-BI. ,mdForeipi htelligmct secretly
exploit Artierkii's universities. New York: Henry Holt, 2017, p, 7.
64 <www.xidian.edu.cn/xxgk/xxjj.htm>. ■ y 'tu
65 Edward Wong, ‘University in Xi’an opens school of cyberengineermg , The
New York 'Times, 7 January 2015.
66 <news.ifeng.com/a/20l60531/48886l24_0.shtml>.
67 The rest of this section was written with Alex joske, who also did most of the
research for this section.
68 Minnie Chan, ‘Xi Jinping tells Chinese defence firms to aim higher and catch
up on weapons technology’. South China Morning Post, 4 October 2017;
326
notes: 'engineering souls’ in Australia’s universities
Charlotte Gao, '3 Major Takeaways from Xi Jinpings Speech at the 19th
Party Congress’, The Diplomat, 18 October 2017.
69 David Lague, ‘In satellite tech race, China hitched a ride from Europe’,
Reuters, 23 December 2013.
70 <https://Iink.springer.com/article/10.1007/s 10291 -010-0165-9>.
71 Zhang Weihua with UNSW researchers: <http;//www.sciencedirect.com/
science/article/pii/Sl874490714000020>; Zhang Weihua is a major general:
<http://ww\v.gzht.casic.cn/n 1377750/n 1377781 /c 1802727/content.html>.
72 <http://eng.chinamil.com.cn/news-channels/china-military-news/2015-
06/26/content_6556886.htm>; <http://news.xinhuanet.com/mil/2015-06/
25/c_l 27950466.htm>.
73 <https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/riles/Research/Staff%20Report_
China%27s%20Alternative%20to%20GPS%20and%20Implications%20
for%20the%20United%20States.pdf>.
74 <http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273117712005777>;
<htrp://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7809968/>.
75 <http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download.Moi= 10.1.1.156.9303&
rep=rep 1 &type=pdf>;<https://wenku.baidu.com/view/4ee984 1 02279 1 6888
486d73f.html?re=view>.
76 <hrtp.7/www.wendangku.net/doc/el ba346fff00bed5b9f31 dd3-134.html>.
77 Clive Hamilton and Alex Joske, ‘Australian universities are helping Chinas
military surpass the United States’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 28 October
2017.
78 <http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/19cpcnc/2017-10/22/c_l 29724787
.htm>.
79 Emailed responses to the author, 14 November 2017.
80 Email to the author, 25 July 2017.
81 Emailed responses to the author, 27 October 2017.
82 Conversation with Alex Joske, 8 November 2017.
83 <^^'^v^v.ctp.gov.cn/hjjh/index.shtml>; <http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2017-
03/24/content_5180907.htm>.
84 Hannas, Mulvenon and Puglisi, Chinese Industrial Espionage.
85 Anon., ‘Chinese scientist Huang Kexue jailed for trade theft’, BBC News,
22 December 2011.
86 <w\vw.freerepublic.com/focus/news/3229656/posts>.
87 <newsroom.unsw.edu.au/news/general/unsw-partners-china-100-million-
innovation-precinct>.
88 <http://wNv^v.president. unsw.edu.au/speeches/torch-gala-dinner-speech-
address-professor-ian-jacobs-unsw-sydney-16-august-2016>.
89 <https://newsroom.unsw.edu.au/news/general/unsw-partners-china-100-
million-innovation-precinct>.
90 Quoted by Hannas, Mulvenon and Puglisi, Chinese Industrial Espionage, p. 63.
327
notes: ‘engineering souls’ in Australia’s universities
91 <news.xinliuanct.com/world/2017-03/24/c_l 120688273.htm>.
92 John Ross, ‘Torch precinct lights the way for UNSW innovators’, The
Australian, 7 May 2016.
93 Anders Furze and Louisa Lim, “‘Faustian bargain”: Defence fears over Australian
university’s SlOOm China partnership’, The Guardian, 19 September 2017;
Brian Boyle, ‘Chinese partnerships are vital for universities and global research’,
Australian Financial Review, 30 October 2017.
94 Ross, ‘Torch precinct lights the way for UNSW innovators’.
95 Interview with Laurie Pearcey, 2 August 2017.
96 ... we do extensive due diligence on all of our prospective partners and this is
conducted by an expert independent third party. This involves consideration
against a range of criteria including corporate beneficial ownership informa¬
tion as well as sanctions/regulatory/exclusion lists and so through this process
we absolutely do look at military linkages as part of our considerations.’ Email
to the author, 5 October 2017. On 17 October Pearsey emailed as follows:
‘All of our research contracts with overseas partners go through a rigorous due
diligence process and this includes ensuring that all contracts are compliant
with Defence Trade Controls.’
97 Laurie Pearcey seems sympathetic to the goals of the Communist Party
regime, variously arguing that: once the elitist demands for democracy
fade, Hong Kongers will realise that their destiny has always been as part
of China (‘Beyond the fog of tear gas, Hong Kong’s future remains with
China’, The Conversation, 2 October 2014); that the One Belt, One Road
initiative will save Australia from ‘splendid isolation’ (‘Chinas Belt and Road
initiative counters isolationist sentiment: Australian academics, Xinhuanet,
23 November 2016); and that Australian universities must suspend their
parochialism and take the ‘bold first step along the new Silk Road ( Scholar
urges bold step for Australia’s higher education along new Silk Road , Global
Times, 26 May 2015). His views are regularly trumpeted by Chinas official
media. He is the director of UNSW’s Confucius Institute.
98 This topic is sensitive and no studies have been carried out. The existence of
enclaves is easy to see from university staff lists for certain departments and
centres. The possible impacts on academic culture are here speculations based
on anecdote.
99 University of Adelaide: <www.adelaide.edu.au/directory/peng.shi>; Victoria
University: <www.vu.edu.au/contact-us/peng-shi>.
100 <\\'ww.hut.edu.cn/e3/56/c467a58198/page.htm>.
101 <\\'%\'wl .hrbust.edu.cn/xueyuan/zidonghua/shownews.asp?id=97>.
102 <heuac.hrbeu.edu.cn/2016/0530/c 1467a34057/page.htm>; <heuac.hrbeu
.edu.cn/1540/list.htm>.
103 <heuac.hrbeu.edu.cn/l478/list.htm>.
104 <military.people.com.cn/n/20l4/1020/cl011-25868325.html>.
328
notes; ‘engineering souls’ in AUSTRALIA’S UNIVERSITIES
105 <www.f)ut.cdu.cn/c3/56/c467a58 198/page.htm>; <www.vu.edu.au/
conract-us/pcng*shi>.
106 <>s’>NW.clcceng.adclaide.edu.au/Personal/cclim/research/pgstudents.html>.
10? Anon., ‘A message from Confucius’, The Economist, 22 October 2009.
108 Omid Ghoreishi, ‘Beijing uses Confucius Institutes for espionage, says
Cmadian intelligence veteran, The Epoch Times, 14 October 2014.
109 <engIish.hanban.org/node_ 10971 .htm>.
110 David Shambaugh, ‘China’s propaganda system: Institutions, processes and
efficacy’. The China Journal, no. 57, January 2007.
1 11 James Jiann Hua To, Qiaowu: Extra-territorial policies for the overseas Chinese,
Leiden: Koninklijke Brill, 2014, p. 146.
112 Rachelle Petersen, Outsourced to China: Confiicius Institutes and soft power
in American higher education. New York: National Association of Scholars,
2017, p. 80.
113 Anon., ‘Sydney University criticised for blocking Dalai Lama visit’. The
Guardian, 18 April 2013.
114 Adam Harvey, ‘Uni under fire for pulling pin on Dalai Lama event’, ABC
News Online, 18 April 2013.
115 Petersen, Outsourced to China, p. 83.
116 Ha*^ Cohen, ‘Australian universities the latest battleground in Chinese soft
power offensive’, ABC News Online, 14 October 2016.
117 Zhiqun Zhu, ‘The undoing of China’s soft power’. The Diplomat, 8 August
2014.
118 Petersen, Outsourced to China.
119 Petersen, Outsourced to China, p. 88.
120 Ghoreishi, ‘Beijing uses Confucius Institutes for espionage, says Canadian
intelligence veteran’.
121 Raff)' Boudjikanian, ‘Local Chinese school visited by CSIS, director says’,
CBCNews, 8 September 2014.
122 <pkuasc.fasic.org.au/australian-minister-of'education-the-hon-christopher-
pyne-visi ts-peki ng-un i versi ty/>.
123 Geoff Wade, ‘Confucius Institutes and Chinese soft power in Australia’,
Canberra: Parliamentary Library, 24 November 2014.
124 <sydney.edu.au/confucius_institute/abour/profiles.shtml>.
125 <web.archive.org/web/20140301220106/http://confuciusinstitute.unsw
,edu.au/about-us/our-people/>.
126 Wade, ‘Confiicius Institutes and Chinese soft power in Australia’.
127 John Fitzgerald, ‘Academic freedom and the contemporary university—
lessons from China’, Humanities Australia, 2017.
128 <www.uq.edu.au/news/article/2015/12/uq-vice-chancellor-receives-
confucian-award-china’s-vice-premier>.
129 <english.hanban.org/node_l097l.htm>!
329
notes: 'engineering souls’ in
AUSTRALIA’S UNIVERSITIES
130 <schoolsequella.det.nsw.edu.au/rile/33b88803-c07c-46dc-8c43*cccf
bae5f80c/l/mcc-nsw.pdf>.
131 Justin Norrie, Confucius says school s in, but don’t mention dcmocrac/, The
Sydney Morning Herald, 20 February 2011.
132 Michael Churchman, ‘Confucius Institutes and controlling Chinese lan¬
guages , China Heritage Quarterly, ANU, no. 26, June 2011.
133 <theory.people.com.cn/GB/12650342.html>.
134 Norrie, ‘Confucius says school’s in, but don’t mention democracy’.
135 Louisa Lim, The People's Republic of Amnesia: Tiananmen revisited, Oxford:
Oxford University Press, 2014.
136 <www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/la/pa pers/DB Assets/tabled paper/web
Attachments/27820/10,000%20%2B%20petition%20on%20Confucius
%20Classrooms.pdf>.
137 Tom Cowie, ‘Theatre group raises questions about Chinese Consulate
intimidating schools’, Crikey, 23 February 2011.
138 Kelsie Munro and Hannah Francis, ‘Confucius Classrooms: Chinese govern¬
ment agency teaching Victorian kids’. The Age, 29 May 2016.
139 Alex Joske and Philip Wen, ‘The “patriotic education of Chinese students at
Australian universities’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 7 October 2016.
140 Angus Grigg, Lisa Murray and Primrose Riordan, Canberra pharmacy at
front line of China’s push for global influence, Australian Financial Review,
1 September 2016. Note; the words ‘of power’ were accidentally omitte
from the published story. c vl
141 Open letter from Geremie Barme to ANU vice-chancellor Brian Schmi t
and chancellor Gareth Evans, 15 August 2016. Note. In May 2017 Pro
William Maley confirmed to me that Lei Xiying was continuing
studies at the ANU. . i- • i
142 Philip Wen, ‘The Australian connection behind China’s ultra-nation ist vir
, The Sydney Morning Herald, A
143 Andrew Chubb, ‘Are China’s most extreme nationalists actual y oreign
144
stooges?’, Foreign Policy, 26 July 2016.
<weiho.com/1634365454/l)EOLuCkNR?from-page_
1005051634365454
__profilc&wvr=6&niOLl=\veibotinic&type-coninient>.
145 Open letter from Banne CO Schmidt and Evans. . , i > Thp
146 Alex W. Palmer, ‘The lonely crusade of China’s human rights awyers,
New York Times Magazine, 25 July 2017.
147 To, Qiaowti, p. 31.
148 To, Qiaowu, pp. 32-4. nara/
149 <https://internationaleducation.gov.au/research/International-Stuclen-
Pa^es/InternationalStudentData2017.aspx>.
150 Ross Peake, ‘Overseas students are good for Canberra - an vice ver
Canberra Times, 4 September 2015.
330
notes: 'engineering souls’ in Australia’s universities
151 Anon., ‘Protect uni students from foreign spies, says Gareth Evans’, The
Australian, 4 October 2017.
152 Alexander Joske, Kelsey Munro and Philip Wen, ‘Australia’s top-ranked global
university' moves to lower share of Chinese students’. The Sydney Morning
Herald, 5 October 2017.
153 James To, Beijings policies for managing Han and ethnic-minority Chinese
communities abroad’. Journal of Current Chinese Affairs, no. 4, 2012,
pp. 183-221,205-6.
154 To, Qiaotvu, p. 29.
155 To, Qiaoum, p. 218.
156 Chang Ping, ‘Chinese students studying abroad a new focus of CCP’s “United
Front work”’, China Change, 9 June 2015.
157 Gerry' Groot, The expansion of the United Front under Xi Jinping’, China
Story Yearbook, Canberra: Australian Centre for China in the World, 2015.
158 James Scott and Drew Spaniel, Chinas Espionage Dynasty, Institute for
Critical Infrastructure Technology, 2016, p. 34.
159 Madalina Hubert, ‘Ex-envoy details Chinese regime’s overseas scheme’. The
Epoch Times, 10 September 2015.
160 Hubert, ‘Ex-envoy details Chinese regime’s overseas scheme’.
161 Joske and Wen, ‘The “patriotic education” of Chinese students at Australian
universities’.
162 At an unadvertised meeting in 2017, Guo Xiaohang was elected presi¬
dent of the ANU/ACT CSSA ‘unanimously’ (<hmp.weixin.qq.com/s/
7wYwZYtpM2X9pVTXT7GCIQ>).
163 Matthew Robertson, ‘Columbia University closes Chinese students group’,
The Epoch Times, 24 March 2015.
164 Nick McKenzie, Sashka Koloff and Anne Davies, ‘Power and influence’. Four
Comers, ABC TV, 6 June 2017.
165 John Garnaut, ‘Chinese spies at Sydney University’, The Sydney Morning
Herald, 21 April 2014.
166 McKenzie, Koloff and Davies, ‘Power and influence’. Four Corners. Lupin
Lu, a young Chinese student temporarily living in Australia, launched a
defamation action against the ABC and Fairfax Media in the Supreme Court
of Victoria claiming that the program implied that she is, inter alia, a spy or
a proxy for the Chinese Communist Party in Australia and that, as a result of
the program and subsequent news reports, her reputation has been severely
injured. Against the defendants Lu is claiming damages, aggravated damages,
injunctions against further publication, interest on the damages, legal costs
and ‘such further or other relief as the Court considers appropriate’ (Ping
(Lupin) Lu Statement of Claim lodged at the Supreme Court of Victoria on
29 November 2017).
167 McKenzie, Koloff and Davies, ‘Power and influence’. Four Comers.
331
NOTES: 'ENGINEERING SOULS’ IN AUSTRALIA’S UNIVERSITIES
168 Grigg, Murray and Riordan, ’Canberra pharmacy at front line of Chinas
push for global influence’.
169 Chang Ping, ‘Chinese students studying abroad a new focus of CCP’s “United
Front work’”, China Change, 9 June 2015.
170 Central Intelligence Agency, ‘China: Student informant system to expand,
limiting school autonomy, free expression, Washington, D.C.: Directorate
of Intelligence, 23 November 2010, <https://fas.org/irp/world/china/docs/
cia-sis.pdf>.
171 Garnaut, ‘Chinese spies at Sydney University’.
172 Alex Joske, personal communication, 30 March 2017.
173 John Horwitz, ‘Chinese students in the US are using “inclusion” and “diver¬
sity” to oppose a Dalai Lama graduation speech, Quartz, 15 February 2017.
174 Zhang Xunchao (CSSA member and Ostar employee), ‘Open letter to
Woroni regarding the ANU Chinese student community’, Facebook post,
1 September 2016.
175 Chenchen Zhang, ‘The curious rise of the “white left” as a Chinese internet
insult’, DewoenzQ', 11 May 2017.
176 Jim Waterson, ‘The Chinese Embassy told Durham University’s debating
society not to let this former Miss World contestant to speak at a debate,
Buzzfeed, 11 February 2017 <https://www.buzzfeed.com/jimwaterson/
the-chinese-embassy-told-durham-universitys-debating-society?utm_term=
.gix2qE5NR#.iekolLEOn>.
177 Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, ‘Is academic free¬
dom threatened by China’s influence on US universities?, Washington, D.C..
US Government Printing Office, 4 December 2014.
178 Chris Uhlmann, ‘ASIO warned ANU of donor links to Chinese Communist
party, Opposition ramps up inquiry call, ABC News Online, 13 June 2017.
Chapter 11 Culture wars
1 Sue Neales, ‘China’s Ningbo Dairy Group looks to greener Australian
pastures’. The Australian, A
2 <finance.sina.com.cn/consume/ puguangtai/20130504/12301534934
shtml>; <news.ifeng.com/gimdong/detail_20 13_02/27/22524284_0.shtnil>,
<news. ifeng.com/gundong/detail_2013_03/01 /22609837_0.shtml>.
3 Powell Tate, ‘The licence that matters: Beyond Foreign Investment Review
Board approval’, report by Powell Tate, 2017, p. 46.
4 Sue Neales, ‘Dreams blocked as council cries over milk spilling to China, The
Australian, 5 September 2015.
5 Sue Neales and Primrose Riordan, ‘Avoid Aussie icons: FIRB bosss tips for
China on investment’, The Australian, 1 March 2017.
6 Glenda Korporaal, ‘Find an Aussie partner, Howard tells potential Chinese
investors’. The Australian, 17 March 2017.
7 Powell Tate, ‘The licence that matters’, p. 30.
332
notes: culture wars
8 IVnsrII Tate, 'The licence that matters’, p. 48.
9 Dominique Schwartz, Anna Vidot and Clint Jasper, ‘S Kidman and Co: Scott
Morrison approves sale of cattle empire to Gina Rinehart, Chinese company’,
ABCNetos Online, 10 December 2016.
10 Cameron England and Tory Shepherd, ‘Chinese mining magnate Sally Zou
is SA Libs’ largest donor as PM Malcolm Turnbull reveals his $ 1.75m dona¬
tion’, Adelaide Now, 2 February 2017.
11 <www.sbs.com.au/yourlanguage/cantonese/zh-hant/article/2017/08/15/
chinese-ferrari-protesting-sydney-towards-india?language=zh-hant>, <www
.sydneytoday.com/content-101733241010010>.
12 <scholarships.adelaide.edu.au/schoIarship/ug/ecms/ausgold-mining-
engineering-schoIarship>.
13 <www.portadelaidefc.com.au/news/2016-10-26/ausgold-jolns-port-as-
world-program-backer>. For good measure, Zou also backs Adelaide United
football team (<www.adelaideunited.com.au/article/adelaide-united-and-
ausgold-join-forces-for-afc-champions-league/lr7qsivp77mwelwowegf
ucy87u>). Gui Guojie, the property developer boss of Shanghai CRED
and business partner of Gina Rinehart, is a major funder of Port Adelaide
AFL Club (Brad Thompson, ‘Kidman owner wins with AFL in Shanghai’,
Australian Financial Review, 25 October 2017).
14 <culture.people.com.cn/GB/40494/40496/13836208.html>.
15 <zqb.cyol.com/content/2006-10/19/content_l 543581 .htm>.
16 <www.xwtoutiao.cn/p/ict8k50s/>.
17 Primrose Riordan, ‘Sally Zou denies billion-dollar deal with Chinese state-
owned company, The Australian, 17h4ay2017.
18 <www.xwtoutiao.cn/p/ict8k50s/>.
19 Anon., ‘Tips and rumours: Who is Gloria and why did she take out a full
page ad in The Oz?’, Crikey, 19 March 2015.
20 <en.people.cn/n/2015/1027/c90000-8967567.h tml>.
21 <australia.people.com.cn/n/2015/11 2AI c364496-27850484.html>.
22 When in June 2017 the Labor Party attempted to put Bishop on the spot
by asking about the Julie Bishop Glorious Foundation in parliament, the
government returned fire by attacking Labor for taking money from dodgy
gold dealer Simon Zhou, even putting him on its Senate ticket. Labor
retaliated by bringing up Andrew Robb’s Chinese deals, and the government
lobbed back accusations against ‘Shanghai Sam’ Dastyari and Joel Fitzgibbon.
The exchange was vicious and exposed just how deeply both major parties
have been corrupted by Chinese money and why both feel so obligated that
they have been unwilling to crack down on it, at least until Prime Minister
Turnbull introduced in December 2017 new national security legislation, a
very important move. (For the parliamentary exchange, see Louise Yaxley,
‘Julie Bishop denies knowledge of Chinese donor setting up company bearing
her name’, ABC News Online, 14 June 2017.)
333
notes: culture wars
23 Sally Rose, ‘FIRE Chinese real estate buyer crackdown called “racist” as
Ray White urges calm’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 26 March 2015.
24 Lucy Macken, ‘Cashed-up Chinese find the sweet spot’. The Sydney Morning
Herald, 23-24 August 2014.
25 Elizabeth Redman, ‘Foreigners spending $8bn a year on new housing in
NSW and Victoria’, The Australian, 24 March 2017.
26 Jackson Gothe-Snape, ‘Property sector scrambling to recruit Chinese real
estate agents on 457 visas’, SBS Online, 10 April 2017.
27 Property Council of Australia, ‘New report demonstrates value to the
Australian economy from foreign investment in real estate’, media release,
30 May 2017.
28 Sarah Martin, “‘Migrant millionaires” fuel property boom’. The Australian,
26 April 2017.
29 Martin, “‘Migrant millionaires” fuel property boom’.
30 Kirsty Needham, ‘Chinese police chief Wang Jun Ren jailed for buying
Australian real estate with corrupt money’, The Sydney Morning Herald,
18 March 2017; Angus Grigg and Lisa Murray, ‘Corrupt Chinese payments
fund education, housing and holidays in Australia’, Australian Financial
2 March 2016.
31 Paul Maley, ‘China’s dodgy $lbn in property’, The Australian, 30 January
2017.
32 Miles Godfrey, ‘Foreign buyers cash out’, Daily Telegraph, 6 February
2017.
33 Larry Schlesinger, ‘Foreign investor crackdown dismissed as farce ,
Australian Financial Review, 11 August 2015.
34 David Pierson, ‘Mega-mansions in this LA suburb used to sell to Chinese
buyers in days. Now they’re sitting empty for months’, Los Angeles Times,
23 February 2017.
35 Larry Schlesinger, ‘Chinese developers surge back into Melbourne, Australian
Financial Review, 18 January 2017.
36 Anon., ‘World’s biggest real estate frenzy is coming to a city near you,
Bbomberg News, 15 November 2016.
37 <writersvictoria.org.au/civicrm/event/info?id= 120&reset= 1 >.
38 Its website hosts nineteen articles by Yang Dongdong, described as a member
of a New South Wales government minister’s advisory committee and
discussed in Chapter 4, on themes like ‘Listening to Chairman Xi speak at
Parliament House’ (<www.aucnln.com/>).
39 <chinavitae.com/biography/Tie_Ning%7C3506>; <https.7/en.wikipedia.
org/wiki/19th_Central_Committee_oCthe_Communist_Party_of_China>.
40 Yaxue Cao, ‘Mo Yan, according to you—part two’, China Change, October
2012, <chinachange.org/2012/10/23/mo-yan-according-to-you-part-two/>.
41 <www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2017/06/12/sbs-mandarin-broadcaster-
may-hu-honoured-order-australia-medal>.
334
notes: culture wars
42 <>vw>v.aucnln.com/articlei_12782.htm>.
43 ov>v\v.gzqw.gov.cn/sitc6/sqqw/10/57335.shtml>; <http://www.aucnln.com/
artlcJe_867.htni>.
44 <\vww.chinaqw.com/m/zhwh/20 16/08-1 l/98769.shtml>.
45 <>v\\'w.chinawriter.com.cn/zxhy/member/1907.shtml>.
46 <sn.xinhuanet.com/snnews2/20l60824/3399533_c.html>.
47 <\\'orld.people.com.cn/n 1 /2016/0830/c 1002-28677567.html>.
48 <world.people.com.cn/nl/2016/0830/cl 002-28677567.html>.
49 James Jiann Hua To, Qiaowu: Extra-territorial policies for the overseas Chinese^
Leiden: Koninklijke Brill, 2014, p. 150.
50 <www.cccowe.org/content_pub.php?id=catw200507-8>.
51 <web.archive.org-Presbyterian Church of Aotearoa New Zealand (1 ).pdf>.
52 <http://www.achina.com.au> (screenshot saved).
53 <http://blog.ccmchurch.com.au/ archives/18913/comment-page-1 >.
54 InteA'iew with author, 6 June 2017.
55 Hong Liu and Els van Dongen, ‘Chinas Diaspora policies as a new mode of
transnational governance’, of Contemporary China, vol. 25, no. 102,
2016.
56 7 \nne-Marie Brady, ‘China’s foreign propaganda machine’. Journal of
Democracy, vol. 26, no. 4, October 2015, pp. 51-9.
57 Email to the author from Greg Kimball, media relations manager, Australian
War Memorial, 10 July 2017.
58 <news.xinhuanet.com/english/photo/2015-09/17/c_l 34633608_5.htm>;
<news.xinhuanet.com/world/2015-09/17/c_l 116592509.htm>.
59 <news.xinhuanet.com/english/photo/2015-09/17/c_ 134633608_5.htm>;
<news.xinhuanet.com/world/2015-09/17/c_l 116592509.Inm>.
60 Email to the author from Greg Kimball, media relations manager, Australian
War Memorial, 18 July 2017.
61 Sheng Fei (ed.). Quiet and Loyal Spirit: Commemorating Chinese Australian
military service. New Century Publications Fund, 2015.
62 With thanks to First Fleet historian Cathy Dunn for confirming this.
According to historian Shirley Fitzgerald; ‘The earliest documented Chinese
settler was Mak Sai Ying, who arrived in 1818, and purchased land in
Parramatta’ (<dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/chinese>). However, Fitzgerald
repeats the erroneous claim that ‘Chinese contact with the east coast of
Australia almost certainly occurred by the time of the Han Dynasty (202
BC-220 AD), and may date further back to the undocumented past’.
63 Howard French, ‘China’s te.xtbooks tsvist and omit history’. The New York
Times, 6 December 2004.
64 Ian Johnson, ‘China’s memor>' manipulators’. The Guardian, 8 June 2016.
65 The CCP claims that it was the PLA that defeated the Japanese aggressors,
whereas in truth the CCP withdrew and left most of the fighting to their
nationalist opponents, the Kuomintang.
335
notes: culture wars
66 The strategy is applied to the Koch brothers in the United States, according
to David L. Levy (‘Its the real thing’, Climateinc, 8 September 2010).
67 Karl Wilson, ‘Exploring a shared history’, China Daily, 11-17 December
2017. See Robert Macklin, Dragon & Kangaroo: Australia and Chinds shared
history from the goldfields to the present day, Sydney: Hachette, 2017.
68 <w\vw.yeeyi.com/news/index.php?app=home&act=article&aid= 149963>5
<au.f]sen. com/2016-08/25/content_ 18366654.htm>.
69 <mayt.com.au/2017/01/tw/>.
70 Mao Tse-tung, ‘Talks at the Yenan Forum on Literature and Art (May 1942)
in Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung, Peking: Foreign Unguages Press, 1967.
71 <www.cyberctm.com/zh_TW/news/detail/873395^.WaeyfMZjKi4>.
72 <www.meipian.cn/gkpajr3>.
73 Amy Hawkins, ‘KFC China is using facial recognition tech to serve custom¬
ers—but are they buying it?’, The Guardian, 11 January 2017.
74 James T. Areddy, ‘One legacy of Tiananmen: China’s 100 million surveillance
cameras’, Wall Street fournal, 5 June 2104.
75 Nathan Vanderklippe, ‘Chinese blacklist an early glimpse of sweeping new
social credit control’, The Globe and Mail, 3 January 2018.
76 Anon., ‘China invents the digital totalitarian state’, The Economist, 17
December 2016.
77 Nathan Vanderklippe, ‘Chinese blacklist an early glimpse of sweeping new
social credit control’. The Globe and Mail, 3 January 2018.
78 <https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/big_data>
79 Anon., ‘China invents the digital totalitarian state’. US tech researchers are
now developing ways for people to protect themselves from having their faces
logged. One promising method is the wearing of spectacles with zany patterns
on the frames to confuse image capture (<www.theguardian.com/technolo^'
20l6/nov/03/how-funky-tortoiseshell-glasses-can-beat-facial-recognition>).
80 <news.xinhuanet.com/info/20l6-l 1 /17/c_l 35835124.htm>.
81 <en.cetc.com.cn/enzgdzkj/news/408468/index.html>.
82 <newsroom.uts.edu.au/news/2016/1 2 /uts-launch-centre-china-promote-
research-and-commercialisation>.
83 Sam Levin. ‘Half of US adults are recorded in police facial recognition data¬
bases, study says’. The Guardian, 18 October 2016.
84 Geoff Wade, ‘Beidou: China’s new satellite navigation system’, post on website
of the Parliamentary Library, Canberra, 26 February 2015 <http://www.aph
.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/
FlagPost/2015/February/Beidou_China_new_satellite_navigation_system>.
85 Anne-Marie Brady, ‘China’s expanding Antarctic interests: Implications
for Australia’, Australian Strategic Policy Institute, Canberra, August 2017,
Anne-Marie Brady, ‘China’s expanding Antarctic interests: Implications
for New Zealand’, paper presented at the conference Small States and the
Chanoing Global Order: New Zealand Faces the Future, University of
O O
336
notes; culture wars
Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, June 2017 <http://www.arts.
canterbury.ac.nz/politlcal/documents/ssanse2017_documents/Anne-Marie_
Brady_policybrief.pdf>.
86 Nicola Davison, 'China eyes Antarctica’s resource bounty’, China Dialogue,
19 November 2013; Jo Chandler, ‘Chinese resources chief eyes Antarctica
minerals’. The Sydney Morning Herald, 7 January 2010.
87 Brady, ‘China’s expanding Antarctic interests’.
88 <\NaNW. fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/topics_665678/xjpzxcxesgjtldrdjcfhdadl
)'xxlfjjxgsfwbttpyjjdgldrhw/t 1212943.shtml>.
89 With thanks to Tim Stephens of the University of Sydney Law School for
making this point.
90 Brady, ‘China’s expanding Antarctic interests: Implications for Australia’,
Table 1.
91 Will Koulouris, ‘Interview: Australia-China collaboration in Antarctica a
shining example of great relationship’, Xinhuanet, 15 September 2017.
92 Nengye Liu, ‘How China came in from the cold to help set up Antarctica’s
vast new marine park’. The Conversation, 1 November 2016 <theconversation
.com/how-china-came-in-from-the-cold-to-help-set-up-antarcticas-vast-
new-marine-park-67911>.
93 Neng>'e Liu, ‘Demystifying China in Antarctica’, The Diplomat, 9 June 2017
<thediplomat.com/2017/06/demystifying-china-in-antarctica/>.
94 David Leary, ‘The future of Antarctica: Conflict or consensus?’, blog
post, 14 January 2016 <www.uts.edu.au/about/faculty-law/news/future-
antarctica-conflict-or-consensus>.
95 Dr Tony Press, who for many years headed the Australian Antarctic Division
and who remains a central player, also believes that China’s membership
of the treaty regime ensures that its commitment to the mining ban will
be honoured (Nick Rowley, ‘In Conversation on Antarctic sovereignty:
full discussion’. The Conversation, 3 July 2014 <theconversation.com/in-
conversation-on-antarctic-sovereignry-full-discussion-28600>).
96 <blogs.adelaide.edu.aa/confucius/2016/10/05/china-joining-the-polar-cliib/>.
97 Thomas Kellogg, ‘The South China Sea ruling: China’s international law
dilemma’. The Diplomat, 14 July 2016 <thediplomat.com/20 l6/07/the-
south-china-sea-ruling-chinas-international-law-dilemma/>.
98 Anon., ‘China’s international law problem is as wide as the sea’. The Globe
and Mail, 12 July 2016.
Chapter 12 Friends of China
1 Anne-Marie Brady, ‘China’s foreign propaganda machine’, in Larry Diamond,
Marc Plattner and Christopher Walker (eds). Authoritarianism Goes Gbbal,
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2016, p. 190.
2 Jiayang Fan, ‘Trump, Confucius, and China’s vision’. The New Yorker, 19 May
2017.
337
notes: friends of china
3 Joo-Cheong Tham, 'Of aliens, money and politics: Should foreign political
donations be banned?’, Kings Law Journal, 2017, vol. 28, no. 2, pp, 1-17.
4 <www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Bob_Hawkc>.
5 Sue Neales, ‘Labor backing China bid for Kimberley land, says Barnaby
Joyce’, The Australian, 1 June 2012.
6 Anon., ‘Tony Abbott says Labor “should listen to Bob Hawke” over China
trade deal’. The Guardian, 28 August 2015.
7 Bob Hawke, ‘Forging an iron bond of friendship with China’, Australian
Financial Review, 19 December 2012.
8 Paul Kelly, ‘Australia must heed the shift in the US-China power balance:
Keating’, The Australian, 24 December 2016.
9 Chang Ping, ‘Chinese students studying abroad a new focus of CCP’s “United
Front work”’, China Change, 9 June 2015.
10 <www.chinafile.com/document-9-chinafile-translation#start>.
11 <www.latrobe.edu.au/news/ideas-and-society/the-hon.-paul-keating-on-our.
role-in-asia-in-the-trump-era>. From minute 33.00 to minute 36.35.
12 Philip Wen, ‘Chinese foreign minister Wang Yi flies off the handle on video’.
The Sydney Morning Herald, 2 June 2016.
13 Brady, ‘China’s foreign propaganda machine , p. 189.
14 Kelly, ‘Australia must heed the shift in the US-China power balance’.
15 At other times, Keating does not echo the CCP’s absurd claim but contra¬
dicts it. But he presents PRC colonisation as somehow natural. With its One
Belt, One Road initiative, he said, China plans the ‘economic colonisation
of the 50-odd states between the western border of China up to at least
western Europe’ (<w\s'w.rfigroup.com/australian-banking-and-finance/news/
keatings-china-bank-plans-economic-colonisation>).
16 Hugh White, ‘China’s power and the future of Australia, Annual lecture.
Centre on China in the World, Australian National University, 11 April 2017
<http://ciw.anu.edu.au/lectures_seminars/2017.php>. This section is drawn
largely from: Clive Hamilton, ‘China capitulationism: What’s missing from
Hugh White’s China calculus , policyforurn.net, 28 April 2017 <https://www
.policyforum.net/china-capitulationism/>. Hugh White replied: We need to
talk about China, policyforurn.net, 4 May 2017 <https://www.policyforum
.net/need-talk-china/>.
17 White,‘China’s Power and the Future of Australia.
18 Rory Medcalf (ed.), ‘China’s economic leverage: Perception and reality.
National Security College, ANU, Policy Options Paper no. 2, 2017.
19 Jonathan Fenby, Will China Dominate the 21st Century?, Cambridge, U.K.:
Polity Press, 2017.
20 Michael Danby, Carl Ungerer and Peter Khalil, ‘No winners by appeasing
China’, The Australian, 16 September 2010.
21 White, ‘China’s power and the future of Australia’. See also Hugh White,
Without America: Australia in the New Asia, Quarterly Essay, issue 68, 2017,
338
notes: friends of china
V(elK>umc: Black Inc. Books. While for White the only options are choose
China or go to wir, two US strategic analysts consider a wider range of
ojHions lt>r responding to Chinas aggressive expansion—see Hal Brands and
Zack Cooper, 'Getting serious about strategy in the South China Sea’, Naval
War CoUfsr Rmai>, Winter 2018, vol. 71, no. 1.
Wltire, Wttlmn Amnica, p. 9.
White, Witlfout America, pp. 11, 12.
^ Mich.ael Pillsbury, The Hundred-Year Marathon, New York: St Martin’s
Griffin, 2016, Chapter?.
<>5 Speaking at a forum hosted by the Australia-China Relations Institute,
‘South China Sea: What next?’, held at the National Library of Australia,
23 November 2016.
^5 Wliite, ‘China’s power and the future of Australia’.
•>7 VCliite, ‘China’s power and the future of Australia’.
White, ‘China’s power and the future of Australia’.
79 White Without America, p. 69.
30 White, ‘China’s power and the future of Australia’.
31 Richard BuUivant, ‘Chinese defectors reveal Chinese strategy and agents in
Australia’, National Observer, Spring 2005, no. 66 , pp. 43-8.
32 In his memoir. Bob Carr wrote that Andrew Forrest says of the Chinese:
‘I think they want humility from us’ (Bob Qirr, Duiry of a Foreigfi Minister,
Sydney: NewSouth Publishing, 2014).
33 Geoff Raby, ‘Northern Australia takes its place on Xi Jinping’s new silk road
mzf, Amtralian Financial Review, 11 May 2016.
34 Geoff Raby, ‘Xi Jinping’s One Belt, One Road triumph and Australia’s Sino
confusion’. The Australian, 17 May 2017.
35 In 2017 the winds in Canberra began to blow in a new direction. The
government began to push back, verbally at least, against the PRC’s inter¬
ference in Australian politics and society. Geoff Raby seemed to shift too,
wTidng in October that President Xi Jinping is centralising too much power
in himself. This overreach is making China less stable and multiplying
economic risks for western countries. Geoff Raby, A stronger Xi Jingping
(sic) means a more brittle Chinese state’, Australian Financial Review,
30 October 2017.
36 <https://www.grifrith.edu.au/_data/assets/word_doc/.../Xi-Jinping
Mackerras-1 .docx>.
37 <\\'ww.chinanews.com/cul/ 201 6/08-04/7962 178 .shtml>.
38 <https://www.grifrith.edu.au/_data/assets/word_doc/.../Xi-Jinping
Mackerras-1 .docx>.
39 Callum Smith, ‘Fears of Chinese infiltration of Australia overblown’, Gbbal
8 June 2017.
40 Callum Smith, ‘No room for fear, greed in Sino-Australian ties’. Global Times,
11 August 2016 .
339
notes: friends of china
41 Callum Smith, ‘Australian hypocrisy on full view in UNCLOS ease’, Global
TimeSy 7 September 2016.
42 Andrew Parker, ‘Populist alarm skews Chinese investment debate’, The
Australian, 1 May 2017.
43 <resources.news.com.au/files/2012/09/l 8/1226476/658338'full-transcript-
australia-in-chinas-century-conference.pdf>.
44 Interview with former associate, 4 May 2017.
45 Ben Butler, ‘Seven in China media ties’, Herald Sun, 6 May 2010.
46 Editorial, ‘Australia must not get sucked into dangerous US power play’, The
West Australian, 5 November 2015.
47 Interview with former journalist, 4 May 2017.
48 Cheng Jingye, ‘China seeks peaceful solution to sea dispute’. The West
Australian, 17 June 2016.
49 Merriden Varrall, ‘Four Corners sees the Party-state in all the shadows’. The
Reporter, Lowy Institute, 6 June 2017.
50 Between 6 June and 31 July 2017 Dr Varrall (temporarily) changed her tune,
writing in The New York Times that Chinese students in Australia should not
have their views closed down, a ‘threat to debate and openness’ that univer¬
sities need to deal with (Merriden Varrall, ‘A Chinese threat to Australian
openness’. The New York Times, 31 July 2017).
51 A week after the death of Imprisoned writer Liu Xiaobo, Merriden Varrall s
contribution was to report sympathetically the reactions of Chinese national
ists, who blamed the West for Liu’s death rather than his jailers in China. Her
article was a rebuke to the outpouring of grief in the West, including from
Chinese writers and dissidents. (Merriden Varrall, ‘China sees the West behind
Liu Xiaobo’, The Interpreter, Lowy Institute, 18 August 2017). Elsewhere,
Varrall misinterpreted the results of a Lowy Institute poll of public opinion
by making out Australians are ‘confused’ because their growing anxiety about
the military threat China poses was construed by her as conflicting with their
belief that China is more economically important to us. The article aims to
make the case that if only Australians were better informed they would be less
worried and more friendly towards China.
52 Merriden Varrall, ‘Why Australia needs a smarter China policy’. South China
Morning Post, 17 December 2017.
53 Bob Carr, ‘One Chinese political donation does not a scandal make, The
Australian, 10 June 2017.
54 Chris Uhlmann, ‘Bob Carr fliscinates with sins of omission on Chinese influ¬
ence’, The Australian, 12 June 2017.
55 Michael Danby, Carl Ungerer and Peter Khalil, ‘No winners by appeasing
China’, The Australian, 16 September 2010.
56 Jamie Smyth, ‘Australia rejects China push on Silk Road strategy, Financial
Times, 22 March 2017.
340
notes: friends of china
5 "^ Aslan Bureau of Economic Research and China Center for International
Ea>nomlc Exchanges, Partnership for Change, Australia-China Joint
Eamomic Report, Canberra: ANU Press, 2016, p. 181.
58 Partnership for Change, p. 183.
59 Peter Drysdale and John Denton, ‘Chinese influence and how to use it to
Austndias advantage’, Australian Financial Review, 3 October 2017.
Chapter 13 The price of freedom
1 Email correspondence, 17 April 2017.
2 Lindsay Murdoch, ‘Beijing article warns Australia over South China Sea’, The
Sydney Morning Herald, 2 January 2017.
3 Grant Wyeth, ‘Why has Australia shifted back to the Quad?’, The Diplomat,
16 November 2017.
4 Philip Wen and Daniel Flitton, ‘South China Sea protests to come to
Melbourne’, The Age, 21 July 2016.
341
Index
N te- Chinese names are shown with surname first and personal name second.
\^?>ere the owner of the name reverses the order, a comma appears after the surname.
Most Chinese names are also given in Chinese characters to avoid ambiguities.
Ill Project itJ^'J, 175, 181
211 Project X^, 210
3 aV, 42
3PLA, 156
457\fisa, 118,238
610 Office see Falun Gong
863 Program ittt 210-1 1
973 Program Ttt'J, 210
985 Project XS, 210
Abbott, Tony, 48, 71 , 79 , 89
ABC, 33,44,45,85, 152, 154
four Comers, 23, 76, 77-9, 107, 225
269. 272, 273
Media Watch, 44
Abe, Shinzo, 90
academic freedom, 95-^, 109, 194-
216-19, 228-9
ACIL Allen Consulting, 238
‘Influence in, 50, 125, 1
144
The, 103. 164
^exander.John. 53, 54
^‘nta Energy, 121
^u„d„ Heaven
-China Federation of Return
All Chinese, 88, 186
1 AC ^ Associatic
105. 107
Allen & Unwin, x
Anderlini, Jamil, 21, 37
Anderson, Fleur, 50
Ang Eng Joo see Hong Yongyu
Antarctic Treaty 1959, 252-4
Anti-Secession Law, 42
Anzac legend, 244, 247, 248
ANZUS Treaty, 157
artificial intelligence, 124, 189, 190, 249
Ashe, John, 77-8
Ashfield, 45, 89
Asia Pacific Journalism Centre, 107
Asian Bureau of Economic Research,
138
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
(AllB), 117, 119, 126, 309n71
Association of Australia China
Friendship and Exchange, 75 , 245
Aus Gold Mining Group, 235, 236
Ausgrid, 101 , 106, 122 , 148,159
Australia
all iance with United States, x, 2, 71,
102, 119, 263, 265, 270, 278, 280
as weak link in Western alliance, 3,
26,140
PRC’s potential claim over, 22-4
within China’s overall periphery, 1
Australia China Business Counci,
Australia China Business Summit, SJ
343
INDEX
Australia China Economics, Trade &
Culture Association (ACETCA),
73,188,296nl00
Australia China Friendship and Exchange
Association (ACFEA), 245
Australia-China Association for
International Exchange of
Personnel (ACAIEP), 183-4
Australia-China Belt & Road Initiative
(ACBRI), 130-1
Australia-China Council, 163
Australia-China Institute for Arts and
Culture, 247
Australia-China Parliamentary
Friendship Group, 99
Australia-China Relations Institute
(ACRI), 70, 72, 93-102, 104, 108,
118,179, 212, 303n44
Australian Action Committee for
Protecting Peace and Justice, 33
Australian Antarctic Territory, 252
Australian Broadcasting Corporation see
ABC
Australian Chinese Ex-services
Association, 248-9
Australian Chinese Teo-Chew
Association, 67
Australian Chinese Times, 80-1
Australian-Chinese Writers Association,
240,241
Australian Council for the Promotion
of Peaceful Reunification of China
(ACPPRC), 33, 81,87, 90, 97, 99,
103, 165, 187, 188
activities, 32, 44—5, 178
as peak United Front body in
Australia, 30
links with CCP, 30-2, 287n21
role of Huang Xiangmo in, 30, 33,
65, 67, 69, 73, 75, 90
Australian Council of Irade Unions, 117
Australian Cyber Security Centre, 122,
173
Australian Defence Force, 173, 245
Australian Defence Force Academy
(ADFA), 174, 175-6
Australian Federal Police, 188, 234
Australian Fellowship of China
Guangdong Associations, 65, 69,
295n67
Australian Financial Review, 72,79,100,
103,105,153,220,274
Australian Guangdong Association,
288n28
Australian Labor Party (ALP), 54,71,
72, 84 passim, 118, 162, 163, 259,
Til, 333n22
NSW Branch, 31,65,66, 67,69,75,
Z'b passim, 103, 164, 165, 297nl06
Australian National University (ANU),
24,79,85, 100, 112, 130, 138,
140, 141, 168, 196, 228, 256, 257,
269, 274
Chinese students at, 41, 187, 198,
220-3, 225, 226, 233, 234, 235
PLA links with, 208, 209
Australian New Express Daily, 33, 76
Australian Parliamentary Library, 23, 218
Australian Red Scarf, 198
Australian Research Council (ARC),
174, 201,202-3, 205, 208,
209-10,213-14
Australian Secret Intelligence Service
(ASIS), 155
Australian Security Intelligence
Organisation (ASIO), 89, 120,
121, 132, 152-4, 158, 161, 164,
171, 180,256
unable to cope, 82, 151, 154
warnings of PRC influence, 77, 153,
177-8, 180, 228, 244
Australian Signals Directorate (ASD),
173
Australian Values Alliance, 5, 35, 279
Australian War Memorial (AWM),
245-7
Australian-Chinese Writers Association,
240
Aviation Industry Corporation of China
(AVIC), 201-3
Axiom, 170
Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery, 30
Badgerys Creek airport, 124
Baird, Mike, 32
Baker. Richard, 77, 85, 163, 164, 165
Bank of China, 165
Bao, Shisan ‘Bob’ 179
Barme, Geremie, 221
BBC, 43
344
INDEX
b^Lhi iwN'iRai'''*' sj'stcni, 208, 252
U Jrr.ln- -<«• Beijing University
^^\\ff\»n;uitics and Astronautics
Rajing B.'reign Studies Unis-ersity. 99
Rftiing Institute of Aeronautics and
Vstwnautics, Beihang University,
r6, 185
Beijing Oimpics
2008, 14-15,39, 89,
Olympic Torcli relay 2008, ix,
11,76,81-3,222, 224
Bei)in« Unnersitv of Aeronautical
Materials, 201, 202
Beijing University of Chemical
fcchnolog)’, 202
Beijing Unh’ersit)' of Posts and
Telecommunications, 192
Bdl. Daniel, 37
Belt &: Road Initiative (BRI) see One
Belt, One Road
Benson, Simon, 77
Berejiklian, Gladys, 89
Berlin Wall, xi, 9
Bemardi, Cory, 48
Bishop, Julie, 48-9,70,71,74,79, 93,
98,102,185,237, 245,271
BlackssiU, Robert, 143, 144, 146
Bloomberg, 63, 239
Boao Forum, 161, 267
Bolkus, Nick, 31
Bourke, Latika, 83
Bowen, Chris, 31—2, 67, 87, 165,
288n28
Boyle, Brian, 212
Brady, Anne-Marie, 29, 30, 47, 69, 252,
254,262
Bramston, Troy, 108
Broob, Robert, 197
Brumby, John, 46,155, 258, 315n21
Brungs, Attila, 205
BuUisant, Richard, 266
Bureau of Meteorology, 168, 170, 174
Burgmann, Meredith, 31
Burke, Tony, 75
Burwood Council, 67, 90, 92
Cai Mingzhao 286n4l
Callick, Rowan, 52, 67, 196
Cambridge University Press, 200
Cameron, David, 142
CAMG Media Group, 42
Canada, 64, 139, 154, 181, 218, 227,
254
Canadian Association of University
Teachers, 217
Canadian Security Intelligence Service,
181,218
Canberra Raiders, 158-9
Canberra Society of Chinese Scholars
(CSCS), 187
Carr, Bob, 67, 75, 76,79, 83, 118, 122,
165, 247, 258, 267, 269, 273,
288n28,339n32
and ACRI, 70, 93-109, 179, 301nl
see also Australia-China Relations
Institute
Carr, Helena, 165
Carr, Kim, 79, 81
Cave, Danielle, 203, 204, 205
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 84,
156, 162, 181,225
Central Military Commission, 62, 190
century of humiliation, 9, 10-13, 17,
18, 199
see also Zheng Wang
CETC see China Electronics Technology
Group Corporation
Chan, Anson, 45-6
Chan, Jackie, 286n36
Chang, Anthony, 225
Chang Ping 260
Chang, York Yuan, 204
Changjiang Scholar, 174
Channel Seven, 15, 269
Chaozhou, 56, 67, 74
Chau Chak Wing 30, 33. 56.
73-9, 93, 95, 107, 135, 165, 178,
244-7, 269
Chau, Eric JSjim®', 74
Chau (Chow), Winky, 75-6, 78
Chen Baosheng, 12
Chen Bin 191
Chen Hongping 56-8
Chen, Jingping, 45
Chen Junliang 192
Chen Shiping 192-3
Chen Xiankui 13
Chen Yonglin 2-3, 80, 89,
99. 134, 140, 152, 154, 157, 224,
320n4
345
INDEX
Chen Zhijic 192
Cheng Jingye 272
Cheung Kong Infrastructure, 121, 122,
123
Cheung Kong Scholars Programme, 189
Chey, Jocelyn, 217
China Aidi Group, 71
China Centre for International Economic
Exchanges (CClEE), 138, 140, 141
China Council for the Promotion of
Peaceful National Reunification
(CCPPNR),30,31.65,69
China Daily, 17, 44, 63, 100, 103
China Development Bank, 260
China Dream see Xi Jinping
China Electronics Technology Group
Corporation (CETC), 166, 203—6,
251,325n26
China Gold Group, 236
China Light and Power, 121
China lobby, 4, 94, 278
China Matters, 112, 113, 137, 270
China Merchants Group, 123
China National Agricultural
Development Group, 71
China Quarterly, 200
China Radio International, 41, 42, 43
China Railway Group, 56
China Scholarship Council, 184
China University of Petroleum, 323n82
China-Australia Free Trade Agreement
(ChA™), 26, 68,71,72, 94,
100, 111, 112, 116-20, 171,231
Chinalco, 140
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),
162, 186, 323n80
Chinese Association for International
Exchange of Personnel (CAIEP),
183
see also Australia-China Association for
International Exchange of Personnel
Chinese Communist Party (CCP), x, 1,
3,10,30,33,68,73,144
ambition to dominate, 20 {see also Xi
Jinping)
and academic freedom, 95, 194, 196,
200, 203,216,227-8
and party-corporate conglomerate,
113-15, 123, 125
as Leninist party, 12, 29, 50, 64
Central Committee of, 1,29
distorts history, 246-8
identified with the nation, 5, 11-14
35. 258-9
influence in diaspora, 4, 25ff, 29ff,
36ff, 40,44,69, 154,177-8,275
influence in mainstream, 86f, 96, 141,
160,220.279,281
International Department of, 83
its ‘five poisons’, 142
legitimacy of, 8-9, 16, 52
not responsible for lifting 600 million
out of poverty, 261-2
Propaganda Department of, 29, 103,
104, 105,216,219,241,271.
287nl8
punishes Norway, 142
surveillance by, 124, 167, 168, 251
thought control and, 11, 153, 219,
221,223, 24Iff, 260
see also Politburo; United Front Work
Department
Chinese Communist Youth League, 88
Chinese maritime militia, 128, 129
Chinese New Year, 32-3, 61,68, 71,73,
160, 186, 288n28, 296nl00
Chinese People’s Association for
Friendship with Foreign Countries,
75
Chinese People’s Institute of Foreign
Affairs, 83
Chinese People’s Political Consultative
Conference (CPPCC), 31, 63,75,
76, 77, 81,294n37
Chinese Poets and Authors Society of
Victoria, 240
Chinese Professionals Club of Australia,
45
Chinese Students and Scholars
Association (CSSA), 176, 223-9,
234,331nl62
Chinese Writers Association
Melbourne, 241
Sydney, 242, 244
see also Australia-Chinese Writers
Association
Chinese Writers Festival, 240-2
Chineseness, 36-40, 243
Chiu, William 30—1, 67, 218,
296n81
346
INDEX
aongqing Energy College, 184
. iTi
ChowTai Pook Enterprises, 121
Christian churches, 243—4
Churchman, Michael, 219
CC Capital, 123
Gobo, Steve, 130
Gark, Andrew, 105
Geary. Phil, 34
Codan, 170-1
Coleman, David, 91,99
Columbia University, 224, 234
Communist Party of Australia (Marxist-
Leninist), 80
Confiicius, 215-16,233-4,261
Confucius Classrooms, 219-20
Confucius Institutes, 81, 215-19, 253,
268,303n44,328n97
Construction, Forestry, Mining and
Energ)’ Union (CFMEU), 15
Cook, Qptain James, 24
corruption in the PRC, 47, 48, 51,
57-9, 59-64,157,212
COSCO Shipping, 148
Critical Infrastructure Centre, 121
CSIRO, 123,168, 173,181, 187,
188-93,205,206, 253
Cultural Revolution, 6, 8, 79, 200, 215
O’ber attacks, 31, 41, 123, 147, 149,
152,154-5,160, 179-80
cypher security and theft, 122, 147,
168-72,173,174-5,190, 192-3,
203
cyber warfere, 173-6
Dai Shenglong 201
Dalai Lama, 42, 89, 97, 135, 142-3,
153,216, 226, 227, 228, 234
Dalian Heavy Industry Group, 180
Darwin, Port of, 17, 112, 118, 120,
123, 128, 132, 268
Dastyari, Sam, ix, 32, 55, 65, 66, 67, 69,
72-7,83-6,91,92,95, 99, 102,
160, 179, 218, 288n28, 333n22
Data6l (CSIRO), 190-3
Davos World Economic Forum, 119
Dawkins, John, 29, 256
Deakin University, Centre for Cyber
Security Research and Innovation,
173-5,192
Deep Panda, 170
Defence Science and Technology Group
(DST), 190, 206,215
Defence Science Institute, 206
Defence Trade Controls Act, 205, 210
Deloitte Access Economics, 211
Deng Xiaoping 8, 9, 17,47, 100
Department of Defence, 84, 121, 129,
132, 154, 155, 158, 160, 163-4,
168, 201,256
Department of Finance, 83
Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
(DFAT), 84, 103, 129, 131-3, 155,
158, 196, 256,257, 266
Department of Homeland Security
(US), 167
Department of Immigration, 28, 81,
118, 165, 184,210
Department of Prime Minister and
Cabinet, 257
Department of Treasury, 121, 193, 256,
257
Dikotter, Frank, 276
Ding Haiyu, 61
Djibouti, 128, 264
Document 9, 261
Dong Feng, 51
Doolan, Ken, 245
Dorling, Philip, 162-5
Downer, Alexander, 53, 155, 157
Dragon Tails (historians), 247
Drysdale, Peter, 112, 138—41, 256, 274
Drysdale report, 112, 138-41, 256-7,
274
Durham University, 227
Duterte, Rodrigo, 72
East China Sea, 84, 102, 279
East China University of Science and
Technology, 189
economic coercion, 2, 110, 143-50,
146, 149, 278
see abo Dalai Lama effect: fifth
column; Lotte; THAAD; tourism
Economist-, The, 156, 250
Energy Australia, 121
Energy Networks Australia, 123
English, Bill, 46
Epoch Times, 41, 43, 220-1, 225, 234
see abo Falun Gong
347
INDEX
Erdogan, Rcccp, 149
Erickson, Andrew, 128
espionage, 77, 78, 152, 153,154-5,
162, 164, 170, 172, 176, 177-84,
188, 192, 203, 207,210-1
see also ASIO; cyber security and theft
e-Stasi, 251
European Association of Chinese
Studies, 217
Evans, Gareth, 221, 223, 257
Export-Import Bank of China, 118
extradition treaty with PRC, 48-52, 268
facecrime, 225
facial-recognition technology, 124, 225,
249,251
Fairfax Media, 32,44, 58,72, 74—9, 85,
103, 104, 107, 164,257, 269
Falun Gong, 31, 41, 43,47, 49, 51,
52-3, 80, 98, 142, 153, 172,219,
220, 222, 227, 267
610 Office, 52
organ harvesting, 49, 227, 267
Farr, Malcolm, 108
Federation for a Democratic China, 88
Federation of Chinese Associations
(Victoria), 33
Federation of Chinese Scientists in
Australia (FOCSA), 33-4, 179,
184-6, 189
Fei, Sheng, 246
Fenby, Jonathan, 263
Feng Chong)'i ]^'i>USL, ^9, 108, 196
feng shui 57
fifth column, 135-6, 255, 280
Fiji, 27
Financial Times, 37
Fitzgerald, John, 22, 41,43, 44, 54, 98,
103, 104, 194-5,201,203,218,
224
FitzGerald, Stephen, 137-8
Fitzgibbon, Joel, 163-5, 333n22
Fitzgibbon—Liu affair, 163—5
Fletcher, Paul, 158
Foreign Investment Review Board
(FIRB), 98, 111, 120-1, 122, 166,
231,232,237,238
Forrest, Andrew, 117, 138, 266—7, 270,
339n32
Fraser, Malcolm, 31
Fu Ylng mt 23,100, 184
Fudan University, 81
Fujian University of Technology, 214
Furze, Anders, 212
Fuxing Road Studio, 132
Gantner, Carrillo, 35
Gao Song 197
Gao Xinbo 175
GaoYu?rWl!i, 195
Garnaut, John, 74,75, 76,117, 257
Garnaut, Ross, 256
Gchry, Frank 74, 95
Genetec, 166
geoeconomics see economic coercion
Geoscience Australia, 168
Gill, Bates, 137
Gillard, Julia, 67, 79, 83, 97, 103,142,
149,155,156
Gittins, Ross, 105
Global Big Data Technologies Centre
(UTS), 205-6
Global Switch, 201
Global Times, 13, 15, 17, 37, 67, 86,
101,105,120,145,149,197,199,
269, 278
Globe and Mail, The, 254
Gowadia, Noshir, 321n31
Grant, Sandy, x
Great Leap Forward, 8
great rejuvenation of the Chinese people,
11, 17f, 21,29, 126,178,194,
203,207
nation, people or race? 37
Greece, 123, 147-8
Greens, the Australian, 48, 220
Groot, Gerry, 223
Group of Eight, 199, 216, 223
Gu Xiaojie 90
Guangdong, 56, 58, 60,65,69,74, 246
LNG deal with, 134-5
Guangdong Academy of Social Sciences,
56
Guangdong Chamber of Commerce, 83
Guangdong Overseas Chinese Affairs
Office, 34
Guangdong Overseas Chinese
Businessmens Association, 77
Guangzhou, 16, 58, 74,75,76,77,123,
196, 241
348
imdex
GiK'^''‘’"&ia,47
G«pll-''l'"'^’^’
H.n,|unlia"sH|ta.
ita.i'wi»WS:.«.<i!>
HanbanwCoafamsImwuKS
HinnA«li«. 182,183.184,202
HMon.hulint.40 ,« i|S
HirWn Engin«ring Univeral)', 185, 215
Hirbin Institute of Technology, 176,
323nS2
Hithin Univ-ersin- of Science and
Technolog)’, 192
Hirris, Jennifer, 143,144,146, 147
Hartcher, Peter, 46
Hirwin, Don, 236
Hawke, Allan, 158
Hawke. Bob, 27-8,31,42, 255, 256,
■>SR '>'10 ?t;n
HuaogKed.
Huang, Lepin^^^
Huang, j^^ang
,i,jAmRC.3l>.33.75,89.,,
andACm,70,93-5,100,l03
and politiail connections, »/, »7
and Sam Dastyari, 83, 84-5
ASIO warning concerning, 244
before arriving in Australia, 55-9
building networks in Australia, 64-73
defenders of, 72 , 269, 272 see also
Carr, Bob
interest in history, 247-8
meets OCAO director, 178-9
Hugh, John see Hu, John
Huawei, 83, 106, 154-61, 167, 201,
203,204,206,212
hundred-year marathon, 9, 17-19, 126
HeYafei 20, 25
Henry, Ken, 256
Henry, Simon, 237
hide and bide, 17-18
Hikv’ision (Hangzhou Hik%'ision Digital
Technology), 124, 165-8
Hill, Cameron, 70
HNA Aviation, 150
Hockey, Joe, 129, 237
Hoj, Peter, 218
honey traps, 161-3
Hone)'\vell, 167
‘^“"6 42.45-6, 47, 63,71.7
1S4,\%,199,236,238,254,:
C g 67, 68
Honon, Mack, 15
Howard. John, 48, 106 , 112 - 1 -
^ B5. 142. 231
H 174, 176
Hu Jmtao 2-) 7
152,216
5-6, 35. 36
Hu Me. (May Hu) 240
Huang Guobin 240
Huang, Holly 248
Huang Hongming 5
lemma, Morris, 75
Inkster, Nigel, 161
Institute of Public Affairs, 129
Interpol, 47-8
Ivanov, Yevgeny, 163
Irvine, David, 120-2
Jabour, Julia, 253-4
Jacobs, Ian, 211-12
Jakobson, Linda, 112-13, 137, 270
Japan, 105, 111. 112, 113, 139, 222,
274,278,279
and Last China Sea, 84, 102, 145,
280
anti-Japanese protests, 16, 17
economic coercion of, 146, 147
pre-iy45 conllict and legacy, 10, 12,
32, 34,90, 100,246, 247, 261
Jennings, Peter, 121, 168, 282
JiaQinglin VbkW,294n37
Jiang, Tommy 42
Jiang Zemin 10, 13, 17 62, 63,
80,134
Jiang Zhengyi 179
Jieyang, 56, 62
jieyang Tower scandal, 57—9
Johnson, David, 23
349
INDEX
Joskc, Alex, 172, 220, 325n26, 326n67
Joyce, Barnaby, 259
Jupp, James, 29
Kadeer, Rebiya, 47
Keating, Paul, 20-1, 255 passim, 260-2,
264, 307n28
Keeler, Christine, 163
Kelly, David, 21
Keneally, Kristina, 53
KFC, 16
Kidman estate, 232
Kingold Media Centre, 245
Korea, Republic of, 21-2, 32, 90, 105,
110,119,278
economic coercion of, 145, 147, 149
Korporaal, Glenda, 105-6
Koziol, Michael, 86
Kuomintang, 10, 335n65
Kwang, James, 244
Landbridge Group, 17, 112, 118, 128
Laundy, Craig, 87-92
Law Council of Australia, 48
Leary, David, 253
Lee Kuan Yew, 19
Lee, Martin, 46
Lei Tao 'Hi' , 241
Lei Xiying 221-3, 330nl4l
Leibold, James, 96
Lenovo, 168
Lewis, Duncan, 244
Li Ka Shing, 121, 189
Li Keqiang 37, 48, 79, 131,
132, 178,211,226. 249
Li Peng 9, 135
Li Ruogu 118
Li Weiguo, 44
Li Xiannian 75
Li Xiaolin 75
Lian, Yi-Zheng 114
Liang Guangwei 152
Liaoning (ship), 201
Liaoning University, 184
Liberal Party of Australia, 35, 48, 53,
87, 89, 90, 92. 129
donations to, 30, 70, 71, 74, 81,
235, 237
Lim, Louisa, 212, 219
Lin, Anastitsia, 227
Lin Bin -M'M, 33
Lin Shusen 74
Link, Perry, 196
Liu, Helen MMM, 163-5
Liu Hu, 250
Liu Jianping>JlJi£ T^, 218
Liu, Mian (Leo) 99-100, 188
Liu Mingfu 18-19, 21
Liu, Nengye 253
Liu Qibao 103, 304n68
Liu, Queena, 163
Liu Shengfa 58
LiuXiaobo ^iJlljS'®, 13, 14, 15,51,
142, 225,242. 261
Liu Xiaocheng 191
Liu Yandong 67
Liu Yunshan ^iJSlij, 219, 271
Lloyd Webber, Andrew, 163
Long, Yu, 192
Lord, John, 155, 157
Lotte, 145
Lu, Gaoqing ‘Max’ 186-7
Lu Kai }^$[, 193
Lu, Lupin, 224, 225, 331nl66
Luo Ou 58
Luce, Matthew, 204
Ma, Guowei 185
Ma Tianyi, 202
Ma Zhaoxu 68, 89, 93, 96,
98,130
Macken, Lucy, 58
Mackerras, Colin, 268—9
mafia see triads
Mannheim, Markus, 152
Mao Zedong 8, 11, 34, 248
Maritime Silk Road Initiative, 124, 129,
130, 133,237
see abo One Belt, One Road
Marshall, Larry, 253
McCircgor, James, 202
McGurk, Donald, 171
McKenzie, Nick, 76-7, 85, 163-5
Mcdcalf, Rory, 85. 86, 110, 136, 263
media (Chinese-language) in Australia,
29. 30, 33, 40-5,46, 53, 80, 90,
102.104, 197
Melbourne Chinese Writers Friendship
Association, 240
Melbourne Dailyy 241
350
index
port of* 1^3
Mflbouf« Writers Festival, 239-4Z
gCr
\Untics, Gavin, 2
■'''""“'"ofCuUurtofPRC,32
SwofEdacacio«ofPRC.184.
189,195,216
Ministr)' of Foreign Affairs of PRC, 2,
99,186
Ministry of Public Security of PRC, 166,
176
Ministr)' of Science and Technology of
PRC, 186,212
Ministr)' of State Security of PRC (MSS),
47,155,156, 162 ,181,182,223
Shanghai Sute Security Bureau, 162
Tianjin State Security Bureau, 108
Minxin Pei ser Pei, Minxin
Monash University, 197-8
Mongolia, 143
Monk, Paul, 153
Morrison, Scott, 101 , 122,165
^^^venon,Janaes,182,183,184,202,
Murdoch, Rupert, 103, 108
Newcastle, Port of, 123,127
New York Times, 48
New Zealand, 3,25,26, 30,42,46-7,
53,64,69,87,115,119,131,184,
243,253,278
Ningbo Dairy Group
230-1
northern development plan, 129-30,
132,133,267
Norway, 142
NSW Department of Education,
219-20
nanot^hnology,l7l.i8),^85^^^
Nanhai Media. 32
atio^nM Association of Scholars (US),
l^atio^n^l
^^o^putational Infrastructure
(ANU), 168
aiional Development and Reform
Commission (NDRC), 129, 130-1,
141
National Education Council of PRC>
iNatlonal Energy Administration of
PRC, 181
T4acior\al Innovation and Science
2.08-9 45
IvSelson, Brendan, 2
O’Brien, Mark, 76
O’Dwyer, Kelly, 160
O’Farrell, Barry, 30
O’Malley, Nick, 86
Obeid, Eddie, 66
Office of Foreign Propaganda (of CCP),
20,24,29,41,54,91,103,105,
142,215,216,219,220,240,241,
244,271
Office of National Assessments, 256,
266
Olympic torch relay 2008, ix, 11,14,
76,81-3,89,222,224
see also Beijing Olympics
One Belt, One Road (OBOR), 19, 87,
105,114,119,125-33,148-9,
185,251,267,268, 309n65
see also Maritime Silk Road; northern
development plan
Opium Wars, 10
Optus, 157, 159
Orwell, George, 249-50 r pop
Overseas Chinese
State Council (OCAO), 20, 25, 29,
31,32, 33, 34,65,69, 177, 178,
\79, 240, 241, 287nl8
Packer, James, 74, 113
Pakistan, 94, 124, 125
Panama papers, 63
Panasonic factory, 16
Parker, Andrew, 112-13, 270
Parkinson, Martin, 256, 257
Patrick, Aaron, 153
Patriotic Education Campaign, 10-11,
38, 103, 223
Pearcey, Laurie, 212—13, 328n97
351
INDEX
Pci, Minxin 59, 60, 64
Peking University, 218, 225
Peng Gangcling 179
Peng, Jack, 169
Peng, Jiandong (James), 47
Peng Shi, 214-15
Pentagon, 128, 168, 189
Peoples Daily, 57, 61, 68, 70, 72, 85,
100, 103,215,258,260
reporting Australia and Australians,
31,32, 34,70, 84,91,97, 101,
102, 129-30, 132, 134, 184, 187,
198, 236, 241
Peoples Liberation Army, 18, 120, 152,
164, 204,207, 235
3PLA, 156
61st Research Institute, 174, 192
Air Force, 201
Air Force 1st Aeronautics Institute,
191
and Huawei, 156
and OBOR, 128-9
and scientists in Australia, 174—5,
190-2, 200-2, 204-5, 206-10,
214,323n88
‘Australian Eighth Corps’ of, 248-9
linked to University of Technology
Sydney (UTS), 204-6, 206-7, 209
corruption in, 61-2
invades Tibet, 97
Liaison Department, 117
Navy (PLAN), 19, 128, 175, 191, 204
Navy Armaments Academy, 191
Navy Classified Warship Technology
Research Institute, 175
overseas reach of, 128-9, 174, 182-3,
248-9
Second Department, 163, 180
Third Department, 155, 180, 203
Unit 31002, 191
Unit 61398, 155, 168
Unit 63892, 191
Unit 77569, 191
Unit 92941, 191
Unit 95949, 191
Xi’s closeness to, 18-19
see also AVIC; CETC; NUDT; Xidian
University
Philippines, 21, 72, 106, 110, 146, 264,
111
Phoenix Satellite Television, 78
Pilger, John, 50
Pillsbury, Michael, 9, 18, 19
Plibersek, Tanya, 98
Polar Research Institute of China, 252
Politburo of the CCP, 47, 61,62, 67,
103,116, 177
Standing Committee, 31, 59, 65, 69
Port Adelaide Football Club, 235-6
Powell Tate, 231
Profumo, John, 163
Propaganda Department of CCP see
Office of Foreign Propaganda
Property Council of Australia, 238
Pu Shiliang 7flM!i^, 166
Puglisi, Anna, 182, 183, 184, 202, 210
Purcell, Bill, 95,99, 188,205
Pyne, Christopher, 79, 81,218
Qi Jiazhen 35, 54, 242-3
Qian Qiguo, 33
Qiao Shizhang 202
qiaowu, 26ff, 35, 39-54, 65, 69, 240,
243
Qiu Xiaogang 191
Qiu Yuanping 178-9
Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, 278-9
Queensland Chinese Association of
Scientists and Engineers (QCASE),
186
Quinlan, Gary, 103
Raby, Geoff, 132, 257, 266-8, 274
racism see xenophobia
ILAND Corporation, 156
red bloggers, 16
Red Detachment of Women
35. 45. 242
Reilly, James, 306n21
Rein, Shaun, 143
relevance deprivation syndrome, 257
Ren Zhengfei 156
Renmin University, 13, 133
Reuters, 41, 207
Richardson, Dennis, 151, 154, 158,
256,257. 3l6n4l
Rinehart, Gina, 129, 232
Rio Tinto, 113, 140
Riordan, Primrose, 56, 79, 84, 94, 99,
152
352
INDEX
Robb. Andrew.
129.130,131.157, 333n22
Rongjiang Guanyin Pavilion
Roozcndaal, Eric, 66-7, 70, 288n28
Roral Melbourne Institute of
Technology (RMIT), 185, 315n21
Rudd, Kevin, 55, 67, 75, 79, 95, 142,
163, 164, 258, 271
Ruddock, Caitlin, 99
Ruddock, Philip, 30, 99
Russia, 125, 134, 169, 277
Sata, Michael, 144
SBS, 44, 240-1
Scarborough Shoal, 146
sectio^n 44 of Australian Constitution,
Senkaku Islands see Japan
Shaanxi Writers Association
Shambaugh, David, 216
236,238,269,271
ShanghaiAcademy of Social Science,.
Shanghai CRED, 232
Shanghai Daily, 271
see also Stokes, Kerry
Shan^ai Federation of Returned
'“''^'■seas Chinese, 88, 91
ang lai Nanotechnology Promotion
Centre, 189
Shanghai Pengxin, 232
anghai State Security Bureau, 162
Shen Changxiang}:t^#, 175
enyang Institute of Automation, 192,
323n80
Shenzhen, 106, 152, 157, 160, 189,
249
Shenzhen Australia Community
Association, 187
Shenzhen Chaoshan Chamber o
Commerce, 97
Sheridan, Greg, 160
Shi, Peng
ShiYinhonglH-^^’^
SHLDevelognen^^^
Shoebndge, \
Shriven
Glenn
shuanggui, 57-8, 62
Sidoti, John, 89
Silicon Valley, 182, 189
Silicon Valley Chinese Overseas Business
Association (SCOBA), 169
Singer, Peter, 173
Sinovel, 180-1
Sky News, 103
Smith, Callum, 269-70
Smith, Stephen, 75
Snowden, Edward, 251
social credit system, 249-51
Sofitel Hotel, 43, 150
South China Morning Post, 47 ,159
South China Sea, 71, 84-6, 128, 130
133,136,146
activism in Australia over, 33, 34,42,
65, 72, 279, 280
Australians who echo PRC view of,
105, 106, 143-4, 253-4,260,267,
271-2, 273
Hague Tribunal ruling on, 16,34, 86,
149,254,270
occupation and militarisation of, 2,
7, 19
PRC claim over, 2, 22, 33, 127
South Korea see Korea, Republic of
Soviet Union see Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics
Spence, Michael, 199, 216
Square Kilometre Array, 205
Sri Lanka, 126-7
Stalin, Joseph, 9
State Administration of Foreign Experts
Affairs (SAFEA), 183-4, 187
State Council of PRC, 20, 26, 183. 186,
194,243, 244
State Grid Corporation, 121-3, 148,
State Key Laboratory of Cryptology, 176
State Key Laboratory of Integrated
Services Networks, 174, 192
State Key Laboratory of Networking and
Switching Technology. 192
state-owned enterprises (SOEs), 129,
140,233 ^
,le of CCP in, 52. 1 12-15, 140
rengthening of, 114, 125, 143
fes, Kerry, 157, 269, 270-
ler, Andrew, 70
353
INDEX
students, Chinese in Australia, ix, 4, 8,
11, 14, 53,70, 76,81-2,95,98,
153, 175-6, 181, 183. 190,213,
214, 260
and Tiananmen Square massacre,
27-9
economic coercion and, 149
‘hurt feelings’ and patriotic actions of,
14, 38-9,41.52,76,81-2, 153,
197-200, 220-9, 234, 272
with PLA links, 208
see also CSSAs; Olympic Torch relay
Sujunxi 34
Su Zhaokai 66
Su Zhengtao 202
Sun Dali 186
Sun, Wanning #^1^, 44
Sun Yafang 156
Sun Yang 15
Sun Zhijun 104
Swan, Wayne, 75
Swann, 167
Sydney Council for the Promotion
of the Peaceful Reunification of
China, 89
Sydney Opera House, 32, 35, 41
Sydney Today 0 SiE, 33, 197. 199
Taiwan, 44, 112, 142, 149, 157, 178,
181,241,265,280,281
over-sensitivity to, 196, 199, 217, 243
PRC bullying of, 16, 42, 47, 147-8
Tao Pinru 220-1
Tasman, Abel, 24
Tasmania, 112, 123, 252, 253, 267, 269
Telstra, 159
Ten Thousand Overseas Chinese
Innovation Operation, 177, 179
THAAD, 144-5
Tham, Joo-Cheong, 258-9
Thayer, Nate, 162-3
Thirteenth Five-Year Plan, 132, 169
Thomas-Noone, Brendan, 203, 204,
205
Thousand Talents Plan, 214—15
Tiananmen Square massacre, 8—10,
27-9, 39,41, 50, 88, 94, 115, 165.
200,219, 225,240, 242
fiarixia, 14, 19, 116
Tibet, ix, 7.21.31,37.41.89,91,97,
142, 143, 219, 222, 268, 274,280,
281
see also Dalai Lama
Tie Ning 240
Times, (London), 165, 166
To, James Jiann Hua, 25-7, 32, 36,38,
39,41,47, 53, 153, 182, 183.216.
223,243, 287nl8
Toohey, Brian, 105-6
Top Education Institute, 79, 81, 82, 83,
270.298nl32
see also Zhu, Minshen
Torch program, 210-11
Torch Innovation Project
211-13
tourism, as lever for PRC, 145-6, 147
in Australia, 70, 110, 123, 138,
149-50, 231,278
Townsville, 123—4
Transgrid, 121
triads, 47, 59-60
Trump, Donald, 21, 102, 119, 138,
189, 226^227
Tsai Ing-wen 147
Tsipras, Alex, 148
Tudeng, Kezhu 97
Turkey, 148
Turnbull, Malcolm, 33, 71, 73, 79, 84,
85,89,95, 120, 138,211
Turnbull government, 48, 53, 120, 149,
339n35
twisted patriotism, 17—18, 235
Uhlmann, Chris, 273
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
(USSR), 20, 50, 153, 163
collapse of, xi, 9
United Front work in Australia, 29fF,
38, 47, 53-4,75-8, 87-9, 177-9,
183-4, 223-4, 244,276, 279
organisations in Australia, 44-5, 65,
73, 75,76, 80,81,87, 92,99, 178,
179, 187-8, 189,218, 241,242,
245
United Front Work Department
(UFWD),29, 30,31,42,77, 78,
89, 97, 177, 187, 225
United Nations, 77—8, 147-8, 261
354
INDEX
Unitcvi Nations Convention on the Law
or the Sea, 254
Unitcvl Nations Declaration of Human
Rights. 260, 261
United States of America, 100, 102,
106, 108, no. 119,144, 149, 153,
169,211,263, 278-80
Australian alliance with ree Australia,
alliance with United States
Chinas ambition to supersede, 18, 19,
26, 122, 173, 182-4, 264, 265
desire by some to break link, 138,
269-70
helped Chinas rise, 50, 111, 114
its colonialism, 128
measures to resist PRC, 40-1, 77,
120, 139, 154, 155-6, 162, 166-7,
170, 179-80, 189, 203, 205
non-interference in Australia, x-xi
University of Adelaide, 202, 214 215
224,235,253 ’ ’
University of Auckland, 47
University of California, San Diego. 22(
University ofNew England, 82
niversity of Newcastle, 199
niversity ofNew South Wales, 176,
179, 192-3, 203. 208-9, 210-12,
216.223
aUo Torch Innovation Project
niversity of Queensland, 131 , 186,
18
Universi^ty of Sydney, 131, 163. 185,
198-9.216.217,218.223
University of Technology Sydney (U1
44. 49, 70.74.93flF,108.166.1
188,196,248
collaboration with PLA-linked
company, 203-5
collaboration with PRC military
university, 206-7, 208
"^^251"^*'^ I’RC security state, 205
icc aUo Australia-China Relations
Institute; Carr, Bob; Chau Chak
Wing; Huang Xiangmo
University of Western Australia, 185,
218
Uren, Roger, 77-8
US Military Cyber Command, 170
Vangiuird, 80
Varrall, Merriden, 272-3
Verrender, Ian, 118
Victoria University, 184, 214
Vietnam, 21, 32, 127, 146, 246, 264,
272
Virgin Australia, 149-50, 31 On 100
Vodafone, 159
Wade, Geoff, 37, 113, 119, 126, 128,
137,160, 325n26
Wallace, John, 107-8
Wan Qingliang Jj S., 58
Wang, Chen 190-2
Wang, Harry 230-1
Wangjun I79
Wang Peng, 202
WangYi m 130, 261
Wang, Zheng )!#, 9-13, 16,19
Wei GangHt-l^, 189
Wei Yufeng, 204
WenJiabaotU^S, I4l, 181
Wen, Philip, 17, 32,33, 52, 58, 86,
104,221
Wen Yunsong 181
West Australian, The, 105, 107
Western Australia Chinese Engineers
Association, 185
Western Australia Chinese Petroleum
Association, 185
Western Australia Chinese Scientists
Association (WACSA), 185, 213
Western Sydney University, 187, 248,
296nl00
Westmead Hospital, 68
White, Hugh, 132,262^, 274,
338n21
White Wolf (real name Chang An-lo
'K'k'As), 47
Whitlam, Gough, 31
Wijeratne, Aaron, 197
Wightwick, Glenn, 95, 98, 205, 209
Wikileaks, 77
Williamtown RAAF Base, 123
Wilson, Brian, 98. 121,231
Wolf, Martin, 64
Wong, Ernest TH-'fi. 31, 67, 87, 102
Wong, Penny, 118, 158
Wood, Peter, 217
355
INDEX
World Dank, 94, 126
World Indochinese Council for
the Promotion of the Peaceful
Reunification of China, 241
World Trade Organization, 50, 144
Wright, Shane, 105, 107
Writers Victoria, 239, 241-2
Wu, Jun Mei, 61
Wu, Meijuan (Anna), 66
Wu Zhen Zhou, 204
xenophobia, 3, 101, 122, 139, 212, 258,
259, 269, 273
used to silence critics, 5, 118, 120,
172, 270
xenophobia-phobia, 5, 214, 279
Xi Jinping xi, 19, 29 passim,
61, 114, 141, 169, 190, 244, 263
China Dream of, 18-19 26, 68, 119,
125-6, 166, 178, 286n36
corruption crackdown by, 59-60,
62-4
deployment of overseas Chinese, 29,
32,35, 38,41,76, 178, 223-4,
225
global ambitions of, 18, 21, 26,
119-20, 125-6, 128, 146, 169,
244, 262, 263
in Australia, 55, 129, 149, 252, 267,
268,271
increasingly repressive, 6, 50, 166,
194-5,250
promotes jingoism, 13, 16, 37, 38,
198
Xiang, V^ing 173-5, 192
Xidian University, 174, 206-7
Mobile Internet Security Innovation
Talent Recruitment Base, 175
State Key Laboratory of Integrated
Service Networks, 192
Xie Fei 74
Xinhua 42, 46, 62, 107, 122, 145,
205,212, 245
Xinhua News Agency, 43, 80, 103, 104,
131, 186, 271
Xinjiang, 37, 148
Xu Caihou 62
Xu Lin 217
Xu Shaoshi 129, 130
Xu Xiao 1^#, 187
Xue Shuihe 73
Xuc Shuihua 73
Xue Yeguang 73
Yan, Sheri 77-8
Yang Dongdong 87-8, 91-2
Yangchen Evening News Group, 76,
297nll4
Yasukuni Shrine, 90-1
Yu Lei Zhou, 15
Ye, Lin 185
Yu Quan 174, 192
Yu, Xinghuo, 185
Yu Zhengsheng 31, 65
Yuhu Group, 56, 64, 66-72, 83, 97,
100, 248
see also Huang Xiangmo
Yunnan Normal University, 189
Zeng Peiyan ^ Jp ife, 141
Zhang Chengqi 179
Zhangjianguo ^^15, 184
Zhang Junsai 82
Zhang Rongan, 222
Zhang Weihua, 327n71
Zhang, Xiaogang John, 45
Zhang Xiaohong, 240
Zhao Ziyang 38
Zheng He 24
Zheng Songbiao 57
Zheng Wang, 9, 10-11, 12, 13, 16, 19
Zhiwei Group, 97, 100
Zhou Chulong 97-8, 100
Zhou Guangming 67
Zhou Man jijJ'/'fil), 23
Zhou Shiqin, 51
Zhou, Shuo (Simon), 99, 333n22
Zhou Wenzhong, 2
Zhou Yongkang 59
Zhou, Yu Lei, 15
Zhou Zerong see Chau Chak Wing
Zhu Jianguo 179
Zhu, Liming, 193
Zhu, Minshen 79-84, 178,
218, 270
Zhu Rongji 74
Zhu Weiqun 97
Zou, Gloria, 236—7
Zou, Sally 235-7
ZTE, 155-8, 203, 204
356
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